Download basic tutorial on microcontroller

‘EmbedMe’
‘EmbedMe’ stands for feelings of the robotics systems having
whishes to acquire some artificial intelligence or some decision
making of its own. Any embedded system having inbuilt decision
making ability and external interface for only data communication
and interruption events. For example, a printer having all the
control of its subsystems likes movement of motor, injection of ink
and its direction. Significance of computer communication is only
for the purpose of data desired to print. Similarly our motive is to
design, fabricate, program & operate such type of system by its own.
ROBOTS or ROBOTIC SYSTEM
MANUAL
+
Control by
circuits or
microcontroller
Control by
Human Itself
Wired
AUTONOMOUS
SEMIMANUAL or MIXED
Both type
of control
Circuit Based
Microcontroller/Processor
Based
Wireless (Remote
controlled)
Image Processing/ Computer interface Based
(Remote
controlled)
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http://www.eklavyainnovision.com
[email protected]
Following tools are required for the above said purpose:
(respective tools/software may be downloaded from indicated web)
Diptrace: [http://www.diptrace.com]
This is PCB layout design software. We’ll design the layout of circuit diagram for the
microcontroller burner kit and take print on the photo paper after sticking the layout to the CCB (copper
coated board) we’ll go for manual etching with the help of FeCl3 solution.
Keil micro-vision4: [http://www.keil.com]
It is a microcontroller programming software use to develop the code for the algorithms
we have to burn on the microcontroller chip. With the help of this tool we’ll able to generate the
hexadecimal file of respective algorithm, which is actually the machine language in ‘0’ & ‘1’ of the
program. After it our job is to burn this bunch of data to the microcontroller chip.
Flash Magic: [http://www.flashmagic.com]
This is another tool employed for our desired work. The hexadecimal file generated by the
Kiel tool is physically burned to the microcontroller chip with the help of this tool. We gives respective
hexadecimal file as an input to this tool and this communicate with microcontroller chip via serial
communication and load the desired program to the chip.
MATLAB: [http://www.mathworks.com]
This is a computing tool and covers the whole engineering, science and art domains. With this
single tool design any entity of engineering. Here we’ll use this tool for the purpose of real time serial
communication between PC and the microcontroller. To start with this tool go through the help section
of this and any programming support can mostly resolved with this troubleshooting point self. For more
support on coding one can visit the web www.mathworks.com where tutorials are available.
Note:- The user guide for each of these tools are embedded with its setup and any query about the using
this tool can be find by searching help content of these tools itself.
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[email protected]
COMPONENT DETAILS:
1.
Q2N2222 (General purpose transistor)
Maximum Ratings:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
2.
VCE = 40 V(dc)
VCB=75 V(dc)
VBE= 6 V(dc)
IC = 600 mA(dc)
MJE3055T (Power transistor)
Maximum ratings:
(i) VCE= 60 V(dc)
(ii) VCB= 70 V(dc)
(iii) VBE= 5 V(dc)
(iv) IC= 10 Amp(dc)
(v) IB= 6 Amp(dc)
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3.
LED (light emitting diode)
 Operating voltage normal LED is about 2-3 Volts
 Operating voltage IR LED is about 4 Volts
 IR LED emits light in the IR region (about 1x1013 Hz)
 Never operate > 4 Volts, it will burn the LED
4. KA7805 (+ve Voltage regulator)
It is a 5 Volt regulator giving 5 Volt as a output if the V cc in the typical circuit diagram
greater than 5 Volt and under the maximum limit
Ratings:
(i) VINPUT < 40 V(dc)
(ii) IO <1.5 Amp
5.
MAX232 (RS232/TTL-CMOS) Convertor:
In general a data having 8 bytes (for 8-bit processor as in our case) so the simplest
one is parallel transmission but for long distance parallel transmission loss of
synchronization occurs which finally appears as loss of data. To overcome this
problem serial communication is widely prefers for this purpose. For serial
communication of data the transmission signal is in RS-logic (bit ‘1’ for -3V to -25V
and ‘0’ bit for +3V to +25V), but the PC and the microcontroller deals with TTL-logic
or CMOS-logic (bit ‘0’ for 0V to 1.2V and bit ‘1’ for ‘3.8V to 5V’). For the purpose of
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interchanging the logic of the data from RS-232 to TTL and TTL to RS-232 MAX232 IC
chip is employed. Pin diagram and connection as follows;
6.
P89V51RD2FN an NXP microcontroller: A typical microcontroller made by Philips it
having following specifications;
i.
80C51 CPU
ii. 5 V operating voltage
from 0 MHz to 40 MHz
iii. 64 kB of on-chip flash
user code memory with
ISP and IAP
iv. Supports 12-clock
(default)or 6-clock
mode selection via
software or ISP
v. SPI and enhanced UART
vi. Four 8-bit I/O ports
with three high-current
port 1 pins (16 mA each)
vii. Three 16-bit timers/counters
viii. Programmable watchdog timer
ix. Eight interrupt sources with
four priority levels
x. Second DPTR register
xi. TTL- and CMOS-compatible
logic levels
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Rest information may found from datasheet. The Architecture and pin configuration
as follows;
Architecture with different blocks
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Pin configuration
A rough connection of the system with serial communication with PC
7.
DB9 Port:
DB9 is a communication port
for RS232 communication , just like
power plug for power transmission to
bulbs, computer etc. following is the
labeled diagram for pins of DB9. We will
use only 3 pins for our application, pin 1,2 &
5. out of which pin 2 for data transmission
from computer to the microcontroller via
MAX232, pin 3 for data reception from
Microcontroller via MAX232 and pin 5 for
Global grounding purpose.
8.
P89V51RD2 Microcontroller Kit: This is the simplest circuit which can be use for
microcontroller programming and the general uses. Following is diagrammatical
representation of the Communication of PC-Microcontroller
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 Circuit layout for our Kit and the component details are shown in figure
The entire document is the property of EKLAVYA INNOVISION. Any commercial use without prior permission prohibited.
http://www.eklavyainnovision.com
[email protected]