Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Physical Education for CCEA GCSE SECOND EDITION Workbook 2 Derek Prentice Section 7 PE for CCEA GCSE p76-92 Effects The effects of exercise and training and physical activity on the body (p76–) In this section be prepared to go back and forth between the body systems to find your answers. 7.1 The body systems work together to allow you to perform physical tasks, events or sports. The body systems that are most involved in this are given below. Draw simple diagrams to represent these systems. The respiratory system 7.2 The circulatory system The musculatory system Muscles do the work. They produce the movement. They are the engine of the body. (p82) Cardiac muscle moves _______________________________________ __________________________________________________________ Smooth muscle moves _______________________________________ __________________________________________________________ Skeletal muscle moves _______________________________________ Muscles need oxygen and nutrients to be able to work. How do they get their supply of oxygen? How do they produce the energy and what happens to the waste products? 7.3 Consider the process and write in the correct words below. (p76, 79) The respiratory system transfers _________________ from the outside air into the blood. The circulatory system transports oxygen and ____________________ to the working muscles. The musculatory system uses the _____________________ and _______________________ to produce energy. The circulatory system transports the waste product _________________ ________________ to the lungs. The respiratory system transfers the carbon dioxide from the _______________________ into the outside air. 4 7.4 Annotate (add notes to) the diagrams to explain how the respiratory system gets oxygen into the blood. (p77) Inspiration ² CO Diffusion BRONCHIOLE O² O² ALVEOLI O² CO ² O² CO² ² CO O² CAPILLARY NETWORK CO² O² CO² O² O² CO² CO² CO² O² O² ² CO 7.5 Annotate the diagram to explain how the circulatory system delivers the oxygen and fuel to the muscles and takes away the waste products. (p80) LUNGS HEART ALL BODY TISSUES 5 10.2 Planning a training programme to develop peak physical fitness for events, sports or positions within sports In planning a training programme for peak physical fitness you follow seven steps. These steps are similar to those for planning a health-related exercise programme. However, what you have to consider and the decisions you have to make are often more complex. Read about how you apply the seven steps on pages 125–128. In addition to this, read how the SMARTER principle can help you check that your decisions are appropriate and effective (page 128). When you understand all of this, study the example of the training programme (Pages 128–129) and the explanations of the decisions made in planning it (p130–134). When you have done this, answer 10.2.1 below. 10.2.1 Take each of the seven steps in turn and evaluate how well each step has been applied to your training programmes/experiences for competitive events/sports. Provide evidence to support your evaluations. Step1: Applying the principle of specificity ___________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Step 2: Applying the principle of variety _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Step 3: Applying the principle of overload ___________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Step 4: Applying the principle of progressive overload __________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Step 5: Applying the principle of rest/recovery ________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Step 6: Applying the principle of peaking ____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 40 Step 7: Applying the principle of maintenance ________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 10.2.2 Study the example of planning a training programme for a specific event. (pages 128–134 give the profile; the challenge; the training programme; the explanations for the decisions and the application of the SMARTER principle.) Having successfully run the 10 km in 40 minutes, the person feels that they could do an even better time and agrees with you that a target of 38 minutes for the next 10 km race would be realistic. You have a further six weeks to prepare the person. Go through the process of planning the six weeks of training for the person. Explain your decisions. Week Sunday Monday Tuesday 1 Run 6 km 4:30 min/km 27 mins (Recovery) Rest Run 10 km 4:15 min/km 42 mins Wednesday Fartlek run 35 mins Thursday Run 15 km 4:20min/km 65 mins Friday Saturday Run 7 km 4:00 min/km 28 mins Run 15 km 4:20 min/km 65 mins 2 3 4 5 6 41 11.4.7 State the type of practice that the following examples best demonstrate. Example Type of practice Practising taking penalties without a goalkeeper Practising set shots in basketball from the same spot Practising visualising yourself performing the tennis serve Practising the run-up for long jump Practising how to deal with situations that may arise Practising the throw-up for a tennis serve Practising where dribbling is not allowed in playing basketball Practising shot selection in badminton for different situations Practising a forward roll Practising the options possible for hits/taking free kicks Practising in different situations Practising that can be done anywhere Practising where no long kicks are allowed in Gaelic football Practising breaststroke, then leg kick only, then breaststroke Practising a chest pass in netball Practising long jump, then the take-off, then the long jump You can have a continuous block of practice or spaced practice over a number of weeks. 11.4.8 A continuous block of practice is more suited to learners who _______________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 11.4.9 Spaced practice over a number of weeks is more suited to learners who _______________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 50