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Name:__________________________
Chapter 18: Islamic Empires
Ottoman
Rulers
-Osman “Old Man”
-Timur “Interrupter”
-Mehmed II “Made
Istanbul”
-Suleyman the
“Magnificent”
Safavid
-Safi od-Din “Daddy
Dearest”
-Esma’il the
“Establisher”
-Tahsmap ”Took over”
-Abbas the “Great”
Title Used by
Ruler
Military
-Sultan
-Shah “King of Kings”
-Ghazis- 1st Turkish
soldiers
-Janissaries- highly
trained slave soldiers,
which converted
foreign slaves to Islam
and train them to be
loyal to the Sultan
-Sunni
-Kizilbash “red hats”
-Later Shah Abbas
adopted Ottoman
model, which converted
foreign slaves to Islam
and train them to be
loyal to the Shah
-Used horses,
elephants, and
introduced gunpowder
to Middle East
-Shiite/Shi’ah
-Sunni
-Tolerant
-Millets- separate
religious communities,
controlled by Sultan,
but governed
themselves as long as
paid tax to sultan
-Intolerant
-Forced all to convert to
Shiite
-One religion gave
Persians in Safavid
Empire an identity
1.
2.
3.
4.
-Shah Supreme leader
-Safavid Society
flourished under Shah
Abbas b/c of the great
economic development;
examples are city of
Esfahan and carpet
weaving
-Tolerant and
Intolerant
-Early rulers tolerated
Hindus, Sikhs and
Shiite Muslims;
however, Aurangzeb
persecuted all other
faiths
-Shah Supreme leader
-Great economy and
trade; plenty of food,
jewels and spices,
which attracted
Europeans
-2 Famous buildings:
Taj Mahal and Hall of
the Private Audiences.
Official Branch
of Islam
Policy Toward
Other Religions
Government and
Society During
the Height of
Empire
Present Name of
Country
Sultan
Viziers
Small ruling class
Reaya “protected
flock” of ordinary
citizens
-Practiced social
mobility- people could
move up or down in
social classes
-Turkey
-Iran
Mughal
-Rajputs “Princes
ready to fight”
-Babur the “Tiger”
-Akbar the “Great”
-Shah Jahan the
“Architect”
-Aurangzeb “Angry”
-Shah “King of Kings”
-India