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Chapter 10 Concepts 1. What is meant by characterizing Western Europe from the fall of Rome to the late 15th Century as a “Dark Age”? 2. How did Christianity impact the traditional pagan religions of Western Europe? 3. How was the economy organized during the post-classical period in Western Europe? 4. How was the political system organized during the post-classical period in Western Europe? 5. What (Who) caused a nearly constant disruption of political development until the 10th Century? 6. Describe the social, political, and economic obligations of peasants? 7. What was the role of feudalism during the post classical period? 8. Who was the most important contributions of the following? a. Clovis: b. Charles Martel c. Charlemagne 9. Describe the intellectual activity of Western Europe during the post classical period. 10. How did the kings view themselves relative to the Pope? 10. What was the Holy Roman Empire? What role did the emperors of the HRE play in the development of Western Europe? 11. What were the most important impacts of the Bubonic Plague on the social structures and economy of Western Europe? 12. How did political development differ between France and England? 13. What were the crusades and how did these “holy Wars” impact Western Europe? 14. What happened as a result of the 4th Crusade? 15. What is “investiture”? What was the conflict surrounding investiture? 16. During the High Middle Ages (After the Crusades) how did economics and the size of urban centers change? 17. What was the role of merchant and artisan guilds? 18. Describe the political, cultural, and economic institutions that had developed by the 15th century in Western Europe. 19. Describe the nature of trade in Western Europe in the low Middle ages (500-800 CE), the Middle Period (800-1100), and the High Middle Ages (1100-1450). 20. What was the significance of the Hundred Years War?