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Symptoms of Digestive System Diseases Disorders that affect the organs involved in the intake, procession and elimination of food from the body can range from relatively minor through to digestive system diseases which can be fatal. To understand how the bodies digestive system and its parts work during an illness a detailed description of the following disorders are explored: Diarrhoea Vomiting Constipation Wind Ulcers Common Digestive System Disorders Diarrhoea There are a number of factors that can cause this to happen in the digestive system. The first being that the body is not absorbing the fluids that pass into the body. This inhibition of absorbtion occurs when there is a rise in chloride ions (caused by a cholera toxin which stimulates their secretion). To maintain a charge balance in the lumen (the space inside of the intesti), sodium is brought in along with water. Diarrhoea can also be caused by osmosis, non absorbed substances are somatically active in the lumen and bring water into it. Diarrhoea can also be caused by hypermotility (the food moves rapidly through the gastrointestinal tract) giving the body little time to absorb water and nutrients. Vomiting The vomit action is controlled by the ‘vomit centre’ of the brain (emetic centre). A chemoreceptor located on the ventrical is sensitive to toxins and poisons in the blood stream, when the brain senses a problem it initiates the vomiting. The windpipe closes and the abdominal wall and diaphragm muscle suddenly tighten. The reason it tastes so bad is because a small coating of stomach acid travels with the vomit as it comes up to the mouth. Constipation As the food moves through the colon, the colon absorbs the water. By the time the stool reaches the rectum it is relatively solid because most of the water has been absorbed. Constipation occurs when too much water is taken out or when the muscles in the colon contracts too slowly. As a result the stools become hard and dry. Wind There are two main causes of wind. The first is swallowing air which could result from eating too fast or even due to anxiety. The second occurs when the body doesn’t absorb certain food types (starches, carbohydrates and fiber) in the small intestine due to an absence of certain enzymes. The undigested food then travels down to the large intestine where symbiotic bacteria and yeasts breaks it down. Hydrogen, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulphide and, in some people, methane are the gases that are produced during this process. . Gastric and duodenal Ulcers A peptic ulcer is a sore in the lining of your stomach (gastric ulcer) or duodenum (the duodenal ulcer). The bacteria, Helicobacter pylori, is believed to be one cause of the condition. The stomach protects itself from the acidic digestive fluids by producing a mucus that coats the stomach; producing bicarbonate which neutralizes the digestive fluids and by renewing the lining in the stomach regularly. The bacteria can weaken the protective coating of the stomach, allowing digestive juices to irritate the sensitive stomach lining.