Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Molecules of Life Name ________________________________ Amatuzzi Carbs and Lipids Online molecule discovery Search for “Tree of Life Worksheet (student)” and find the link at concord.org. http://www.concord.org/~btinker/workbench_web/unitIV_revised/tree_life_wrkst.html Read the introduction on this Worksheet Index page. Start with Carbohydrates – Sucrose. Follow instructions and read the information provided. 1. A dimer is a molecule made of _____(#) smaller molecules. 2. Which molecules make up the dimer sucrose (ordinary “table” sugar)? ________ and ________________ A dimer of simple sugars is called a _______________ 3. Which of these component molecules gives sucrose its sweet taste? _________ 4. Glucose and fructose have the same molecular formula but different structures. This makes them _______________. Return to Worksheet index and find Cellulose. 1. Cellulose is the main part of wood. In a tree, where is the “heartwood”? _________ 2. Where is the cambrial growth layer? ___________________________ This layer makes new xylem and phloem each year – the growth rings in a tree. 3. Click on the tree trunk to see a plant cell. What are the green balls? ____________ 4. Zoom in. Describe the microscopic appearance of cellulose 5. Why is cellulose such a strong molecule? _______________________________ _____________________________________________ ___________________ 6. What portion of vegetable mater is cellulose? ____________________ 7. How many individual glucose molecules combine to make a molecule of cellulose? __________ 8. Cellulose fiber is many linear molecules held together by ________________ bonds. Return to Worksheet index. Go to Starch. When you click on the leaf drawing, a picture of plant cells is shown. 1. What kind of microscope took this picture? ________________________________ How can you tell? ____________________________________ 2. Zoom in on the plant cell. The starch bodies in which plants store starch are called leukoplasts. Use your Word Parts list to see what “leuk-“ means. _________________________________. What color is corn starch? __________________ Why is”leucoplast” a good name for an organelle that stores starch? ___________ 3. Zoom into a starch molecule. How does it look different from cellulose? _________________________________________________________________ 4. Starch is made of hundreds of molecules of _________________ joined together. Return to Worksheet index. Click on Phospholipids. Zoom in until you see the molecules making up the cell membrane. 1. The cell membrane is made mostly of ________________ arranged in two layers, called a ________________. Sugars are on the outside of the membrane, and proteins are scattered within the membrane, but it the main component is molecules of ________________________ 2. The lipid molecules that make the membrane are not bonded together, but cluster to form the layers. Zoom i. The lipids making up the membrane have a “head” which is ____________________ the water, and two “tails”, which _____________________ the water. 3. Why are these molecules called “phospholipids”? __________________________ Molecules of Life Name ________________________________ Amatuzzi Proteins and Nucleic Acids Online molecule discovery Search for “Tree of Life Worksheet (student)” and find the link at concord.org. http://www.concord.org/~btinker/workbench_web/unitIV_revised/tree_life_wrkst.html Scroll down to Proteins. Click on the links (pictures or underlined text) and follow instructions through the section. Zoom in on each screen for more information. Answer the questions as you proceed. (Links for zooming in allow you to click on them). Start by clicking on the monkey. 1. What are red blood cells called? ________________________ 2. What is their function? ____________________________________ 3. Red blood cells contain hemoglobin? What is it? _________________ What is it made of? _________________________________________ 4. How many hemoglobin molecules can be in one red blood cell? __________ 5. Why is iron important for red blood cells? ___________________________ 6. What is the monomer for proteins? ______________________ 7. What is represented by “R” on a structural formula? ____________________ 8. How many different amino acids can be used? ________________________ 9. In a chain of amino acids, the “sticky points” are the _____________ bonds. Return to Tree of Life, click on “cocoon to silk” 1. The silk strings in a cocoon are arranged into pleated sheets called _____________ 2. Which element is present in silk that is missing from some other proteins? ___ 3. Name the protein in silk _________________ 4. Name 3 different amino acids. ___________________________ Return to Tree of Life, click on “human hair” 1. Name the protein that makes up human hair. ____________________ 2. How many coils twist together to make a filament? ______________________ 3. What are the coils called (shape)? __________________________ Amatuzzi Return to Tree of Life, click on “bee venom” 1. Name the protein in bee venom. ___________________ 2. It is arranged in two sets of ______________________, which may be bundled with (#)_____________ more helixes. 3. How do these helix bundles form a pore or channel? _________________ _______________________________________________________________ Return to Tree of Life (**DO NOT click “return to Activity 3”, but instead use back arrow at upper left. Go to “Nucleic Acids”, click on “parrot” 1. Where in a cell is the DNA found?____________________ 2. DNA fiber is called ___________________. 3. This fiber wraps around special proteins called _____________________ 4. What are the “beads on a string”? _________________________________ 5. How thick is a chromatin fiber? __________ nm __________ Angstroms. How big is an Anstrom compared to a nanometer? __________________ 6. DNA compacts ___________________________ its normal length. 7. Base-pairing: adenine always bonds to ________________; cytosine bonds to ______________________ 8. Base pairs are held together by ____________________ bonds 9. Nucleic “building blocks” are called _________________________ 10. Each monomer has three parts: _______________________________________ ____________________________________ Return to Tree of Life, click on “soil bacteria” 1. Most bacterial DNA is (shape) __________________. 2. What is the shape in humans? ________________ 3. How many base pairs make up a typical bacterial genome? ________________ Did you learn something new about proteins and nucleic acids? Amatuzzi