Download Deep Space Mystery Note Form 3

NAME: Maya
Deep Space Mystery Note Form 3
1. Complete one form for each website that you use.
2. Copy and paste the website URL here:
Resource 4- April 14, 2011- Supernova
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supernova#Observation_history
3. Complete the table below (add more rows for additional paragraphs. Underline key information in the
original paragraphs. Write bullet points (nuggets) in your own words in the summary/comment column. Use
the guide questions column to keep track of your questions as you read.
4. Complete the summary paragraph.
Original Paragraphs
Title
Summary/Comments
Who?
What?
When?
Where?
Why?
How?
Supernova discoveries are reported to the
 Supernovae are reported to
International Astronomical Union's Central Bureau
International Astronomical
for Astronomical Telegrams, which sends out a
Union's Central Bureau for
circular with the name it assigns to it. The name is
Astronomical Telegrams..
the year of discovery, immediately followed by a
 Name = year of discovery
one or two-letter designation. The first 26
followed by a one or two
supernovae of the year are designated with a
letter designation.
capital letter from A to Z. Afterward pairs of
 Find hundreds of
lower-case letters are used: aa, ab, and so on.[39]
supernovae every year.
Since 2000, professional and amateur astronomers
 Historical are known by the
find several hundreds of supernovae each year (572
year they occurred= SN
in 2007, 261 in 2008, 390 in 2009). For example,
185, SN 1006, SN 1054 and
the last supernova of 2005 was SN 2005nc,
so on.
indicating that it was the 367th[nb 1] supernova
 SN is the prefix for them.
found in 2005.[40][41]
Historical supernovae are known simply by the
year they occurred: SN 185, SN 1006, SN 1054,
SN 1572 (Tycho's Nova) and SN 1604 (Kepler's
Star). Since 1885 the letter notation has been used,
even if there was only one supernova discovered
that year (e.g. SN 1885A, 1907A, etc.)—this last
happened with SN 1947A. "SN", for SuperNova, is
a standard prefix. Until 1987, two-letter
designations were rarely needed; since 1988,
however, they have been needed every year.
Guide Questions
Summary Information
What is a Supernova
 Dying star
 Witnessed supernovae in other nearby galaxies.
 Occurs here once every 50 years.
 Outshine an entire galaxy
 Give out as much energy as the sun can in a life time.
Type I
 Type 1
 When the core’s fusion process runs out of fuel, it messes with the constent gravitational pull.
 Outward pressure drops and then it is unbalanced with more gravity.
 The core starts to condense.
 Shrinking at the core continues
 Becomes red super giant.
 Shrinks too much, a series of nuclear reactions is unleashed.
 Says around for a bit.
 Start swelling and growing to become that.
 The core could have temperatures of billions of degrees Celsius.
 Iron atoms are so squeezed so much.
 The forces of their nuclei create a recoil of the squeezed core.
 Then is the supernova.
Type II
 Type II
 Binary stars are when there are two stars and they revolve around each other.
 In these systems supernovas occur also.
 Stars up to eight times the mass of our sun usually evolve into white dwarfs.
 A star that is condensed to this size has a very strong gravitational pull.
 With that gravity, if the second star is close enough, it can pull material from there.
 White dwarf gets a lot of mass
 Chandrasekhar Limit
 Pressure on the center will make the star explode.
 Thermonuclear means: nuclear reactions that occur only at very high temperatures.
Black holes and neutron stars
 Because of the big transfer of matter and energy, there is a different star.
 Small core of neutrons
 Spinning neutron star.
 Neutrons produce radio waves in a steady stream or random bursts.
 Stars 10 times the sun will leave a black hole.
 Leave behind a large core.
 With no energy fuse, it doesn’t have any out ward pressure so it gets engulfed in it’s own gravity and it
turns into a Black hole
History
 Occurs here once every 50 years.
 Keplers supernova- 1604
 That was the last one.
 Crab Nebula- 1054
 Large Magellanic Cloud – 1987
 First was in 185 AD
 Chinese Astronomers saw it.
 Up in the sky for 8 months.
 Brightest- SN 1006 recorded by Chinese and Islamic astronomers
 SN 1054 produced the Crab Nebula.
 Latest observed in the milky way with the naked eye was SN 1572 and SN 1604
 Telescope has allowed us to look farther than the milky way.
 1885 observation of supernova S Andromedae in the Andromeda galaxy was the first to be observed
with a telescope.
 Provide info on cosmological distances
 In the 1960s some astromomers discovered the maximum intensities of supernova explosions could be
used as a standered candles.
 Recent supernovae have been dimmer than expected.
 Suggests that the universe is accelerating.
 They are finding supernovae that never had been recorded.
 Cassiopeia A was found from light echoes off nebulae.
 Supernovae are reported to International Astronomical Union's Central Bureau for Astronomical
Telegrams..
 Name = year of discovery followed by a one or two letter designation.
 Find hundreds of supernovae every year.
 Historical are known by the year they occurred= SN 185, SN 1006, SN 1054 and so on.
 SN is the prefix for them.
Effects
 Remnants from that star are still studied.
 Remnants are what is left of a supernova explosion.
 Remnats heat up the gases and dusts between the stars.
 Supernovae place heavy elements.
 With out Remnats there would be no sun no earth and no us, because we are made of some of the same
elements that stars are made of and that stuff is released with a star explodes.
 Can be in the sky for weeks
 Throw matter into space 9000, to 25,000 miles per second.
 Produce a lot of the material in the universe
 Iron that is produced makes our planet and even ourselves.
 Add elements to space clouds.
 Helps new stars form
 will probably destroy our solar system.