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Biologist: ______________________________ Per.:________ Date: __________ pH and Enzyme Activity Experiment A Experiments were designed to study the effect of pH on the rate of enzyme action for 2 different enzymes found in animals, Enzyme A and Enzyme B. Enzyme A is found in the stomach and digests meats. Enzyme B is found in the intestine and digests fats. Use the graph to answer the following questions 1. At what pH is Enzyme A working at its maximum (optimal) rate? 2. Since Enzyme A is found in the stomach, what is the probable pH of the stomach? 3. At what pHs does Enzyme A not work? 4. At what pH is Enzyme B working at its maximum(optimal) rate? 5. Since Enzyme B is found in the intestine, what is the probable pH of the intestine? 6. If Enzyme A were produced in the intestine, would this enzyme still carry out its usual function of digestions? Explain. Experiment B Human Digestive Organ Enzyme Salivary amylase Mouth (pH 7) Lingual lipase Pepsin Stomach (pH 1-3) Pancreas (secretes enzymes into the stomach) Function Breaks starches (polysaccharides) down into disaccharides and trisaccharides Breaks triglycerides (fats and oils) and other lipids into fatty acids and diglycerides Breaks proteins down into peptides (short amino acid chains) Gastric lipase Breaks short-chain triglycerides (fats and oils ) in fat molecules in milk into fatty acids and monoglycerides Pancreatic amylase Breaks starches (polysaccharides) into maltose (disaccharide) and maltotriose (trisaccharides) Trypsin Pancreatic lipase Maltase Sucrase Small Intestine (ph 6-6.5) Lactase Dipeptidase Breaks proteins down into peptides (short amino acid chains) Breaks emulsified triglycerides (fats and oils) into fatty acids and monoglycerides Breaks maltose into glucose Breaks sucrose into glucose and fructose Breaks lactose into glucose and galactose Breaks dipeptides into amino acids 1. What inferences can you make regarding the pH of particular parts of the digestive system and the types and relative size of the organic compounds that are broken down there? 2. If the optimal pH range of most enzymes is between 6-8, is there possibly some advantage to having certain enzymes, such as pepsin, active in the low pH of the stomach? 3. What would happen if the pH in the stomach is to high? What would happen to the activity of the enzymes in the stomach? What effect would that have on enzymes later in the digestive tract?
