Download ㅍ By Lydia Kim and Anna Kim http://www.rosehillauctiongallery.com

ㅍ
By Lydia Kim and Anna Kim
http://www.rosehillauctiongallery.com/Archive/051903/artsale/weindorf.html
We like to dedicate this book to all of our A
period
9th
graders and Mr. Spivey
We hope this book can help you
understand more about fascism.
Index:
1. Setting the stage
2. Fascist Beliefs and Policies
3. Mussolini Comes to Power in Italy
4. Il Duce’s Leadership
5. Hitler Takes Control in Germany
6. The Rise of Nazis
7. Hitler Becomes a Chancellor
8. The Fuhrer is Supreme
9. Hitler Makes War on the Jews
10. Other Countries Fall to Dictators
11. Vocabulary
12. Word Search
Setting the Stage
Some democratic countries like US, France, and Britain were
able to stay strong during the Great Depression. Others, however,
were greatly affected by it and gave up on being democratic. Italy
and German was the first to make a move and change their
countries into a style of government called Fascism.
It is important to know about fascism because these dictators
had changed the history. In fact they made a huge impact that the
world is still trying to recover from their abuse. Here are some of
the main points this book would cover:
Fascist Beliefs and Policies
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1. Taught nationalism in a very strict way.
2. Fascist believed that nation should struggle.
3. Countries that were peaceful should be conquered.
4. They worship the leader who leaded their nation.
5. Each nation wore uniforms in certain colors.
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Fascism rises in Europe.
Benito Mussolini became the dictator of Italy.
Italy became the model of Fascist.
Adolf Hitler became the dictator of Germany
Hitler created a policy called Nazism.
Hitler becomes Chancellor
Hitler getting into action and started to support Germany.
Hitler makes war on the Jews.
Other countries fall to dictators.
Fascism is a form of nationalism in which the government
system was led by a dictator with complete power.
Fascism shared several ideas.
Fascism was similar to communism.
1. Both were ruled by dictators.
2. Both denied individual rights.
3. State was superior.
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Differences between fascism and communism.
1. Fascists believed that each class had its place, unlike communist.
2. Fascists were nationalist.
3. Communist were internationalists
Mussolini Comes in Power in Italy
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The Rise of Mussolini
Fascism rose in Italy when there was a failure to win the
victory at the 1919 Paris Peace Conference.
Inflation and unemployment had increased making social
unrest.
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Italy’s upper and middle classes afraid of Communist
revolution.
Democratic government was no help to them; it wouldn’t
help with the problems they were facing.
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They were afraid of the
same revolution like what
happened in Russia
Benito Mussolini was a newspaper editor and politician.
He wanted to revive Italy by rebuilding economy, armed
forces.
1919: First to find Fascist Party.
Economy going down allowed his popularity to go up.
Fascist groups attacked
Communist and Socialist which
weakened opponents.
October 1922: 30,000 Fascists
marched into Rome and made
King Victor Emmanuel III put
Mussolini in charge.
This actually allowed
Mussolini to gain more
power legally.
II Duce's Leadership
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Mussolini was II Duce—the leader.
He obsoletes democracy and
other laws except for Fascists.
The Government only
displayed Fascist teaching
system.
He controlled the economy, but
he
never had a complete control—until another dictator came
into place.
Why can’t I be Il
Duce?! I have
potential you know!
Hitler Takes Control in Germany
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Mid 1920’s- Another dictator, Adolf
Hitler was a political leader with a
poor background of his.
Born in Austria in 1889 and he
dropped out of high school, with a
failure of an artist.
After the World War I, he started to defend for the
Germany and destroy the enemy.
Hitler joined the German Army and was started to get
notified by his bravery throughout Germany.
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The Rise of the Nazis
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1920: Joined a tiny political group that believed Germany
should overturn the Treaty of Versailles and combat
communist.
This was called the National Socialist German Workers’
Party or Nazi.
Formed a new type of Fascism named Nazism, using
swastika as their sign.
Storm Troopers or Brownshirts were the private militia.
Hitler was chosen der Fuherer which means leader of the
Nazi party.
1923: Used Mussolini’s way and tried to get power in
Munich but failed.
He was sent to jail during this time he wrote the Mein
Kampf (My Struggle).
The book was a plan for Germany that stated blue eyed or
blond were Aryans (Master Race).
This meant that Jews, Slavs, and Gypsies were subhuman.
Said that the Versailles Treaty was not fair and promised
to get back Germany’s land for lebensraum (living space).
Would achieve space by conquering E. Europe and Russia .
1924: He was out of prison.
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The Depression and stopping of America’s loans made the
economy fall.
1932: Factories/banks were stopped which made 30% (6
million) unemployed.
This made people want Hitler in command.
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Hitler Becomes Chancellor
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1932: Nazis were biggest political group.
1933: People told President Paul von Hindenburg to make
Hitler chancellor (Chief Minister of a parliamentary
group) since he can stand up to Communists.
He called for new elections to win parliament.
6 days before the building where parliament met
(Reichstag).
People say Communists did it, which made more people
believe and support Hitler.
He demanded dictatorial, absolute power for 4 years.
Turned Germany into Totalitarian.
Banned all other political parties, and opponents.
Black uniform SS (Schutzstaffel or protection squad) was
created.
1934: SS murdered a lot of Hitler’s enemies.
Gestapo (Nazi secret police) had added terror which made
people listen.
New laws: ban strikes, no more independent labor unions,
government has power over business and labor.
1936: Hitler made people make highways, factories, and
manufacture weapons, serve in military which made the
unemployment rate drop from 6 to 1.5.
The Fuhrer is Supreme
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Hitler wanted more authority over Germany.
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He decided to win the public’s opinion in order to gain
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more power over Germany.
He started to do press, radio, literature, painting, and film
into propaganda tools.
If the Nazi didn’t agree with the books, then they would
burn the books.
Churches weren’t allowed to criticize the Nazis or the
government.
The Schoolchildren had to join Hitler Youth (only for
boys) or the League of German Girls.
The influential from Social Darwinism led him to do the
following action of his.
This is my type
of rule! HEIL
HITLER!
Other countries fall to Dictators
Hitler makes War on the Jews
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Anti-Semitism was the main point of Nazi ideology.
Used Jews for Germany’s troubles of war.
Beginning of 1933- Nazis removed all of Jews’ rights.
November 9, 1938- Nazi mobs attacked Jews; wherever
and whenever they saw them.
Rampage called Kristallnacht (Night of the Broken Glass)
showed a sign of removing the Jews from the Germans.
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Did you know that there were
death camps where they would
keep Jews in and starve them?
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Nations after WWI were falling to dictators.
Parliamentary government didn’t last long.
1919 Hungary: landowners joined to make Admiral Miklos
Horthy the first European postwar dictator.
1926 Poland: Marshal Joseph Pilsudski seized power.
Yugoslavia, Albania, Bulgaria, Romanian King use strongman rule.
1935 Czechoslovakia: remain democratic in E. Europe.
Britain, France, and
Scandinavians had
democracy.
Many saw dictatorship to
prevent instability.
All restricted civil rights,
but none had used the
cruelty like Russian
Communists or Nazis.
Mid-1930: Nation was split into two, democratic or
totalitarian.
Vocabulary
1. National Socialist German Workers’ Party (Nazi): A tiny
political group that was started in 1920 by Mussolini. This
group believed that Germany should overthrow the Treaty of
Versailles and combat Communists.
2. Nazism: The new form of Fascism Nazi had created
3. Swastika: A hooked cross which was used as the symbol of
Nazism. This symbol meant well being in Sanskrit, which was
also used for good luck. Hindu, Christianity, and Native
Americans used this symbol too.
4. Storm Troopers or Brownshirts: The private militia for Nazis
5. der Fuhrer: The leader of the Nazi party.
6. Mein Kampf: This translates into My Struggles which was
written by Hitler during his prison days. It was a blueprint for
the future of Germany and Nazis.
7. Aryan: People that are blond and blue eyed that were
considered the master race. Other people like Jews were
considered subhuman.
8. Lebensraum: Living space
9. Schutzstaffel: the protection squad that was created to be loyal
only to Hitler. They wore black uniforms and were called SS
for short.
10. Gestapo: The Nazi secret police
11. Totalitarian: A government that controls all
aspect or public and private life.