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Fives Themes of Geography- Notes 1. Location-describes where a place can be found a. Two types of location i. Absolute location- its position on the globe 1. latitude, or parallels measures distances north/south of the Equator 2. longitude, or meridians measures distances east/west of the Prime Meridian (runs through the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, England) Ex. New Orleans, Louisiana is at 30º N and 90º W Mogadishu, Somalia is located at 2º N and 45º E ii. Relative location- describes where a place is in relation to another place Ex. “Mexico is south of the United States” “New Orleans is several hundred miles south of Memphis, Tennessee” 2. Place- describes how areas are alike and different, character of a place a. Two types of characteristics i. Physical Characteristics 1. landforms- mountainous or flat 2. ecosystems- leafy tropical rain forests or sparse, moss-covered tundra 3. climate- normal weather, hurricanes, blizzards, droughts, floods ii. Human Characteristics 1. How people live, work and visit a place? 2. What are their languages, customs and beliefs? 3. How does their economy work? 4. How are they governed? 3. Regions- a group of places with at least one characteristic in common, physical or human characteristics a. Three types of regions 1. Formal regions- a certain characteristic is found throughout the area i. Political regions- all follow or live under the same laws/govt ii. climate/vegetation regions 1. (Corn belt- part of the U.S. where lots of corn is grown) iii. landform regions 2. Functional regions- focal point/central place with surrounding areas linked by transportation/communication/common use i. Amazon drainage basin in South America is the region drained by the Amazon River ii. Dallas-Forth Worth metro that shares a common airport located between the two cities 3. Perceptual regions- people’s feelings and attitudes about areas, no precise borders a. perception- a viewpoint that is influenced by one’s own culture and experiences i. The Midwest ii. The Rust Belt iii. Missouri, may be a southern or western state depending on who you ask 4. Movement- describes the ways people, goods and ideas move from one place to another a. trade, tourism and technology are just a few things that cause things to move from one place to another 5. Human-Environment Interaction- explains how people use and change their environment a. Bringing in new plants b. Irrigating the land c. Building roads d. Migration of people into an area