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Biology 105 – Human Biology Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Spring 2008 55244 4 Units UVC1 St. Helena F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM RIDDELL PRACTICE FINAL EXAM REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 1. Testosterone is needed _____________. A) to stimulate growth of male reproductive organs. B) to promote functioning of male reproductive organs. C) for development of male secondary sexual characteristics D) All of these are correct 2. Testosterone, the male sex hormone, is secreted by the _______ of the testes. A) interstitial cells B) seminiferous tubules C) vas deferens D) epididymis 3. Male gametes are the _____ and the female gametes are the _____. A) testes; ovaries B) sperm; egg C) testosterone; estrogens D) scrotum; uterus 4. The female sex hormones, estrogen and progesterone, are produced by the: A) oocyte. B) follicle cells. C) endometrium. D) cervix. 5. The site of fertilization within the female body is the _________. A) oviducts (fallopian) tubes B) ovary C) cervix D) uterus 6. The ovaries and the uterus undergo cycles that are ultimately controlled by the anterior pituitary and the _______. A) cerebrum B) cerebellum C) hypothalamus D) parathyroid 7. Progesterone and estrogen produced by the placenta cause: A) a shut-down of new follicle maturation. B) menstruation to occur. C) maintenance of the endometrium. D) Both A and C are correct. 8. What is one of the least effective means of birth control? A) Diaphragm B) IUD C) Male condom. D) Natural family planning Page 1 of 26 565334565 Biology 105 – Human Biology Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Spring 2008 55244 4 Units UVC1 St. Helena F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM RIDDELL PRACTICE FINAL EXAM DEVLOPMENT 9. The fertilized egg is initially called the ______. A) oocyte B) ovum C) zygote D) embryo 10. Cleavage of the zygote refers to: A) mitosis with no increase in cell size. B) mitosis with increase in cell size. C) migration of cells after division. D) formation of the extra-embryonic membranes. 11. The _____ is where fetal blood exchanges molecules with maternal blood. A) uterus B) vagina C) placenta D) umbilical cord 12. The extra-embryonic membrane that develops into the fetal half of the placenta is the: A) amnion. B) yolk sac. C) allantois. `D) chorion. 13. Which of the following is NOT a primary germ layer? A) gastroderm. B) endoderm C) ectoderm. D) mesoderm. 14. When does the embryo take on human characteristics? A) 4 to 6 weeks B) 6 to 8 weeks C) 8 to 10 weeks D) 10 to 12 weeks 15. It is possible to distinguish sex in the fetus during _______. A) weeks 1-4 B) weeks 5-8 C) the third month D) the fifth month 16. The study of aging is called _______. A) paleontology B) ethnobotany C) elderology D) gerontology Page 2 of 26 565334565 Biology 105 – Human Biology Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Spring 2008 55244 4 Units UVC1 St. Helena F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM RIDDELL PRACTICE FINAL EXAM DNA / RNA / PROTEIN SYNTHESIS 17. Each nucleotide contains a ______ . A) phosphate group B) sugar C) nitrogenous base D) all of these are correct 18. Which of the following tasks is NOT accomplished by DNA? A) undergoes mutations that can provide variation. B) provides energy for the cell. C) stores information. D) replicates to pass a copy to the next generation. 19. Complementary base pairing in DNA is always: A) A to T and C to G. B) A to C and T to G. C) A to G and C to T D) A to U and C to G. 20. Making a copy of DNA is called: A) reduction. B) replication. C) transcription. D) translation. 21. Messenger RNA carries genetic information from chromosomes to the ______. A) ribosomes B) endoplasmic reticulum C) nucleolus D) plasmids 22. There are ____ different amino acids used to form proteins in all living things. A) 15 B) 23 C) 20 D) 25 23. _______ is the synthesis of an RNA molecule from a DNA template. A) Transcription B) Translation C) Duplication D) Cloning 24. ________is converting the sequence of bases on mRNA to a sequence of amino acids. A) Transcription B) Replication C) Translation D) Processing. Page 3 of 26 565334565 Biology 105 – Human Biology Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Spring 2008 55244 4 Units UVC1 St. Helena F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM RIDDELL PRACTICE FINAL EXAM LYMPHATIC / IMMUNE SYSTEM Complete the following Table: By placing a check mark, identify which organs and / or structures are considered Primary (A) or Secondary (B) or NA (C) for the Lymphatic / immune system. Structure 25. Liver 26. Lymph Nodes 27. Red bone marrow 28. Spleen 29. Thymus A Primary B Secondary Page 4 of 26 C NA 565334565 Biology 105 – Human Biology Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Spring 2008 55244 4 Units UVC1 St. Helena F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM RIDDELL PRACTICE FINAL EXAM EVOLUTION 30. The descent from a common ancestor is one way to explain: A) the common chemistry in living things. B) the diversity in living things. C) the common cellular structure in living things. D) Both A and C are correct 31. Structures that have the same function but not a common ancestry are _____ structures. A) homologous B) vestigial C) analogous D) fossil 32. That almost all living organisms have the same types of DNA, ATP, and the 20 amino acids is evidence of common . A) biochemistry B) anatomy C) biogeography D) adaptation E) all of the above 33. Primates are adapted to: A) a marine life. B) living in trees. C) killing others of their own kind D) cold weather. 34. Opposable thumbs make grasping possible: A) in all animals. B) in knuckle-walking animals. C) only in primates. D) only in mammals. 35. The facial features, hunting ability, and culture of the ______ distinctly resemble modern humans. A) Neanderthals B) Cro-Magnons C) Australopithecines D) species Homo erectus Page 5 of 26 565334565 Biology 105 – Human Biology Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Spring 2008 55244 4 Units UVC1 St. Helena F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM RIDDELL PRACTICE FINAL EXAM LIFE Fill in the following table by placing the letter that matches the statement with the organism. A for Generally True, commonly known to occur or have occurred, or present as a characteristic; B for Both True and False, can occur in some situations and / or species; C for False, does not generally occur, not generally present. D for No data, ATTRIBUTE / CHARACTRISTIC MODERN HUMANS PREHISTORIC HUMANS ANIMALS Show patterns of morphology, inheritance, behavior from one generation to the next 36. 37. 38. Use carbon based chemistry for life processes and utilize DNA / RNA as chemical basis for heredity and reproduction 39. 40. 41. Cognizant / reflect / question why as individuals they have existence 42. 43. 44. Invent, make and use technology, express evidence of religious practice, culture and architecture 45. 46. 47. Show evidence of abiogenesis 48. 49. 50. Page 6 of 26 565334565 Biology 105 – Human Biology Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Spring 2008 55244 4 Units UVC1 St. Helena F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM RIDDELL PRACTICE FINAL EXAM CELL DIVISION and INHERITANCE 51. What is a visual display of the chromosomes arranged by size, shape, and banding patterns? A) syndrome B) amniocentesis C) karyotype D) None of the above 52. Which of the following is NOT an event of interphase? A) The cell carries out its normal function. B) The cell grows. C) The number of organelles is cut in half. D) The chromosomes replicate. 53. DNA in the non-dividing cell is in the form of: A) chromosomes B) chromatids C) chromatin D) chromaphore 54. Humans inherit _______ pairs of chromosomes. A) 10 B) 12 C) 23 D) 46 55. Mitosis is involved in _______. A) growth and repair B) oogenesis C) spermatogenesis D) both B and C 56. Which of the following is the correct order of the phases of mitosis? A) Prophase, anaphase, telophase, metaphase B) Metaphase, telophase, prophase, anaphase C) Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase D) Telophase, prophase, anaphase, metaphase 57. The type of cell division that results in the formation of gametes is __________. A) mitosis B) meiosis C) nondisjunction D) somatic division 58. Oogenesis differs from spermatogenesis in that oogenesis results in ______. A) four diploid cells B) four haploid eggs cells C) two diploid cells, two haploid cells D) one haploid egg cell, three polar bodies Page 7 of 26 565334565 Biology 105 – Human Biology Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Spring 2008 55244 4 Units UVC1 St. Helena F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM RIDDELL PRACTICE FINAL EXAM 59. In humans, the haploid number of chromosomes found in the egg and sperm is _________. A) 23 pair. B) 23. C) 46. D) 46 pair. 60. Alternate forms of a gene having the same position on a pair of chromosomes and affecting the same trait are called______. A) chromatids B) alleles C) DNA segments D) centrioles 61. People who appear normal but can pass on an allele for a genetic disorder are called ______. A) deficient B) recessive C) latent D) carriers 62. Genotype refers to an individual's: ) appearance B) genes. C) blood type. D) ear lobes. Page 8 of 26 565334565 Biology 105 – Human Biology Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Spring 2008 55244 4 Units UVC1 St. Helena F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM RIDDELL PRACTICE FINAL EXAM CELULAR CHEMISTRY 63. The formation of ______ bonds involves the transfer of electrons from one atom to another nearby atom. A) covalent B) ionic C) hydrogen D) all of the above 64. The subunits of proteins are the ______ . A) amines B) peptides C) polypeptides 65. ATP, a special type of nucleotide, functions as ______ . A) a buffer B) an enzyme C) the energy carrier in cells D) hereditary material in the cell 66. The plasma membrane is ______ . A) impermeable B) totally permeable C) selectively permeable (semi-permeable) D) None of these answers are correct. 67. Normally, body fluids are ______ to cells. A) hypertonic B) isotonic C) hypotonic D) atonic 68. What tiny organelles are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), forming rough ER? A) ribosomes B) lysosomes C) nucleoli D) mitochondria D) sugar Page 9 of 26 565334565 Biology 105 – Human Biology Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Spring 2008 55244 4 Units UVC1 St. Helena F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM RIDDELL PRACTICE FINAL EXAM SKELETAL SYSTEM 69. The most rigid connective tissue is called ____. A) cartilage B) bone C) dense connective tissue D) adipose tissue 70. In compact bone, bone cells are located in lacunae that are arranged in concentric circles within tiny cylinders called _____. A) osteocytes B) canals C) osteons D) matrix 71. Which connective tissue has a fluid matrix located in blood vessels? A) bone B) blood C) cartilage D) bone, blood, and cartilage 72. The function(s) of an osteoclast is (are) _______. A) breakdown of bone B) deposition of calcium in the blood C) secretion of the organic matrix of bone 73. Bone recycling allows the body to regulate what substance in the blood? A) potassium B) hormones C) vitamins D) calcium 74. These two hormones are involved in regulating the blood calcium level. A) calcitonin and parathyroid B) calcitonin and estrogen C) parathyroid and growth hormone D) parathyroid and estrogen 75. The skeleton _______. A) permits flexible movement B) supports and protects the body C) produces blood cells and stores inorganic salts D) All of these are correct. 76. The axial skeleton consists of ________. A) the skull B) the vertebral column C) the hyoid bone and rib cage D) all of the above Page 10 of 26 565334565 Biology 105 – Human Biology Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Spring 2008 55244 4 Units UVC1 St. Helena F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM RIDDELL PRACTICE FINAL EXAM 77. Normally, the vertebral column has ________ curvatures. A) one B) two C) three D) four 78. The technical name for the hipbones is the ________ bones. A) ilium B) appendicular C) coxal D) sacral 79. ________ is a term that refers to either finger or toe bones. A) Processes B) Plates C) Sphenoids D) Phalanges 80. Cells which make up cartilage are called A) osteoblasts B) chondrocytes C) lacunae D) osteoclasts Page 11 of 26 565334565 Biology 105 – Human Biology Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Spring 2008 55244 4 Units UVC1 St. Helena F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM RIDDELL PRACTICE FINAL EXAM RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Trace the flow of air into and through the anatomically correct order of structures. Mark the letter of the choice in the following flow chart. Anatomical Order of Air Flow 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. ____ _____ ________ __________ ____________ Anatomical Choices A. B. C. D. E. bronchi larynx nasopharynx bronchiole trachea 86. What human organ system is responsible for exchanging gases with the outside environment? A) respiratory system B) endocrine system C) excretory system D) external ventilation 87. Oxygen-rich blood is carried through pulmonary arteries from the lungs to the heart. A) True B) False 88. Oxygen-poor blood is carried through systemic veins from the body tissues back to the heart. A) True B) False 89. The __________ houses the vocal cords. A) larynx B) bronchus C) pharynx D) esophagus 90. The trachea divides into two __________ that lead to the lung . A) glotti B) tracheae C) bronchi D) bronchioles 91. Each bronchiole terminates in an elongated space enclosed by a multitude of air pockets called_. A) the glottis B) alveoli C) the larynx D) the pharynx Page 12 of 26 565334565 Biology 105 – Human Biology Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Spring 2008 55244 4 Units UVC1 St. Helena F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM RIDDELL PRACTICE FINAL EXAM 92. Each alveolar sac is surrounded by __________ carrying blood. A) arteries B) veins C) venules D) capillaries 93. During __________, the respiratory pigment hemoglobin combines with oxygen to form oxyhemoglobin in the pulmonary capillaries. A) internal respiration B) external respiration C) anaerobic respiration D) ventilation 94. Ventilation is another term for___________. A) inspiration B) expiration C) breathing D) inhalation E) exhalation 95. The open part of the C-shaped rings of tracheal cartilage allows the ____ to expand when swallowing. A) stomach B) esophagus C) stomach D) pharynx 96. By changing the ________ on the vocal cords, pitch of the voice is regulated. A) position B) location C) tension D) vibration Page 13 of 26 565334565 Biology 105 – Human Biology Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Spring 2008 55244 4 Units UVC1 St. Helena F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM RIDDELL PRACTICE FINAL EXAM MUSCULAR SYSTEM 97. Skeletal muscle fibers are ______ . A) smooth B) striated C) spindle-shaped D) fragmented 98. Where is smooth muscle found? A) intestines B) stomach C) blood vessels D) intestines, stomach, and blood vessels 99. A distinguishing characteristic of cardiac muscle cells is the presence of ____________. A) actin filaments B) intercalated disks C) neuroglia D) neurons 100. Which of the following is(are) types of muscle? A) cardiac B) skeletal C) smooth D) All of these are correct. Go to Scantron 2 101. The type of muscle tissue that is controlled voluntarily is called _____________ A) smooth muscle B) cardiac muscle C) skeletal muscle D) All of these are under conscious control 102. When a group of muscles moves a body part, the muscle that does the most work is called the _____. A) antagonist B) prime mover C) synergist D) contractor 103. The lower arm extends when the _________. A) triceps brachii contracts B) biceps brachii contracts C) brachialis contracts D) deltoid contracts Page 14 of 26 565334565 Biology 105 – Human Biology Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Spring 2008 55244 4 Units UVC1 St. Helena F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM RIDDELL PRACTICE FINAL EXAM MUSCULAR SYSTEM continued 104. Skeletal muscles are usually named on the basis of _____ . A) shape, size, or action B) direction of fibers C) number of attachments D) all of the above 105. In a muscle fiber, the plasma membrane is called the _______. A) sarcoplasm B) sarcolemma C) sarcoplasmic reticulum D) sarcomere 106. A muscle fiber contains many contractile portions called _____ that run the length of a muscle fiber. A) actin filaments B) myosin filaments C) sarcolemma D) myofibrils 107. Which of the following is a neurotransmitter that triggers muscle contraction? A) myosin B) tropomyosin C) troponin D) acetylcholine Page 15 of 26 565334565 Biology 105 – Human Biology Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Spring 2008 55244 4 Units UVC1 St. Helena F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM RIDDELL PRACTICE FINAL EXAM CARDIOVASCULAR 108. The _____ system transports nutrients and oxygen to cells and removes their waste. A) digestive B) cardiovascular C) excretory D) respiratory 109. The circulatory system has ______ types of blood vessels. A) one B) two C) three D) four 110. _____ are small arteries just visible to the naked eye. A) Venules B) Capillaries C) Veins D) Arterioles 111. The venae cavae carry low-oxygen blood to the ______ of the heart. A) right ventricle B) right atrium C) left ventricle D) left atrium 112. The left ventricle sends oxygenated blood into the ______ to be distributed throughout the body. A) vena cava B) pulmonary artery C) aorta D) pulmonary vein 113. The "dup" sound occurs when the ______ valves close. A) atrioventricular B) venous C) inferior venae cavae D) semilunar 114. The ______ node initiates the heartbeat. A) AV (atrioventricular) B) SL (slow-wave) C) SA (sinoatrial) D) IVC (interventricular) 115. The AV node signals ____________ . A) the atria to contract B) the ventricles to contract C) the SA node to produce an impulse D) Both a and b are correct choices. 116. The largest artery in the systemic circuit is the ______ . A) anterior vena cava B) pulmonary vein C) aorta D) femoral artery Page 16 of 26 565334565 Biology 105 – Human Biology Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Spring 2008 55244 4 Units UVC1 St. Helena F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM RIDDELL PRACTICE FINAL EXAM 117. The ______ arteries serve the heart muscle. A) femoral B) hepatic C) iliac D) coronary 118. The two components of the cardiovascular system are __________. A) the heart and the aorta B) the heart and all the arteries C) the heart and the blood vessels D) the blood vessels and the lymphatic system 119. A wall called the _______ separates the heart into the right side and left side. A) chordae tendineae B) valves C) pulmonary trunk D) septum 120. The function(s) of blood is/are ______. A) transporting oxygen and nutrients B) regulating body temperatures and pH C) fighting infections D) all of the above 121. The formed elements of blood __________. A) include red blood cells and white blood cells B) include platelets C) make up 45% of the volume of whole blood D) all of the above 122. The liquid portion of blood is called ____. A) lymph B) plasma C) a cellular matrix D) blood cells 123. The iron-containing red colored molecule found in red blood cells is _____. A) erythropoietin B) lymphocyte C) hemoglobin D) hemolysis 124. __________ from the kidneys stimulates production of red blood cells. A) Lipase B) Fatty acid C) Erythropoietin D) Adrenalin 125. White blood cells ______. A) have a nucleus B) lack hemoglobin C) fight infection D) all of the above Page 17 of 26 565334565 Biology 105 – Human Biology Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Spring 2008 55244 4 Units UVC1 St. Helena F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM RIDDELL PRACTICE FINAL EXAM 126. B lymphocytes are associated with ________. A) antibody production B) macrophage production 127. Which lists the correct pattern for the cycling of fluid within the body? A) blood, lymph, tissue fluid B) blood, tissue fluid, lymph 128. Which components of blood are fragments of giant cells? A) platelets B) red blood cells C) white blood cells Page 18 of 26 565334565 Biology 105 – Human Biology Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Spring 2008 55244 4 Units UVC1 St. Helena F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM RIDDELL PRACTICE FINAL EXAM GENERAL Match the COMPONENTS with the respective SYSTEM to which they are most closely associated. # 129. 130. 131. 132. 133. 134. 135. 136. 137. 138. 139. COMPONENTS / DESCRIPTION arteries and veins brain stem and spinal nerves esophagus, liver, pancreas, and anus fallopian tubes and seminal vesicles kidneys and bladder larynx, pharynx and trachea ligaments, erythrpoeisis and articulations sudoriferous and sebaceous glands and hair tendons, actin, myosin, fibrils thyroid, pancreas, ovary, and pituitary tonsils, thymus, and spleen CODE A. B. C. D. E. AB. AC. AD. AE. BC. BD. SYSTEM NAME DIGESTIVE CARDIOVASCULAR ENDOCRINE INTEGUEMENT LYMPHATIC / IMMUNE MUSCULAR NERVOUS REPRODUCTIVE, RESPIRATORY SKELETAL URINARY Page 19 of 26 565334565 Biology 105 – Human Biology Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Spring 2008 55244 4 Units UVC1 St. Helena F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM RIDDELL PRACTICE FINAL EXAM ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Match the HORMONE with the respective GLAND to which it is most closely associated. 1 for 1 Match # 140. 141. 142. 143. 144. 145. 146. 147. 148. 149. 150. Hormone Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Aldosterone Antidiuretic Hormone Calcitonin Estrogen Insulin Oxytocin Parathyroid Hormone Releasing Hormones Testosterone Thyroid Hormone CODE A. B. C. D. E. AB. AC. AD. AE. BC. BD. Endocrine Organ Adrenal Gland Anterior Pituitary Hypothalamus Ovary Pancreas Parathyroid Gland Pineal Gland Posterior Pituitary Teste Thymus Thyroid Gland Page 20 of 26 565334565 Biology 105 – Human Biology Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Spring 2008 55244 4 Units UVC1 St. Helena F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM RIDDELL PRACTICE FINAL EXAM DIGESTION NUTRITION Trace the flow of food through the anatomically correct order of structures. Mark the letter of the choice in the following flow chart. Anatomical Flow of food 151. 152. 153. 154. 155. 156. 157. 158. 159. ____ _____ ________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ CODE A. B. C. D. E. AB. AC. AD. AE. Anatomical Choices ceacum duodenum esophagus ileum jejunum orppharynx sigmoid colon stomach transverse colon Page 21 of 26 565334565 Biology 105 – Human Biology Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Spring 2008 55244 4 Units UVC1 St. Helena F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM RIDDELL PRACTICE FINAL EXAM URINARY SYSTEM 160. The _____ system removes nitrogenous waste is. A) digestive B) cardiovascular C) excretory D) respiratory E) urinary 161. Filtration... A) occurs when the filtrate passes from the peritubular capillaries back to the nephron tubules. B) occurs when blood fluids leave the afferent arteriole and enter the Bowman’s capsule. C) occurs when blood fluids leave the glomerulus and enter the Bowman’s capsule. D) occurs when the filtrate passes from the nephron tubules back to the efferent arteriole. E) occurs when the filtrate passes from the nephron tubules back to the peritubular capillaries. 162. The removal of metabolic wastes from the body is called __________ A) secretion B) defecation C) excretion D) maintenance 163. __________ is the primary nitrogenous end product of humans. A) Ammonia B) Uric acid C) Urea D) Creatine phosphate 164. Besides the excretion of metabolic wastes, which of these describes a vital function of the kidneys? A) The kidneys maintain the water-salt balance of the body. B) The kidneys regulate the blood's pH. C) The kidneys assist the hormone system. D) All of these are correct. 165. The __________ extend(s) from the urinary bladder to an external opening. A) ureter B) renal arteries C) urethra D) glomerulus 166. The portion(s) of the kidneys that actually produce urine is/are the ________. A) renal medulla B) renal pyramids C) nephrons D) All of these are correct. Page 22 of 26 565334565 Biology 105 – Human Biology Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Spring 2008 55244 4 Units UVC1 St. Helena F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM RIDDELL PRACTICE FINAL EXAM BRAIN and SPINAL COLUMN 167. The brain and spinal cord contain conducting cells called ______ . A) dendrites B) neurons C) neuroglia D) axons Fill In the Missing information for the Following Table Function Structure contains pineal gland responsible for sleep cycle 168. coordinates body movements 169. coordinates information bilaterally within cerebellum and between medulla oblongata and midbrain 170. integrates autonomic NS, pituitary gland 171. regulates posture, balance and interprets intended movement with actual movement 172. relays all sensory input from brain stem to cerebral cortex 173. relays motor impulses form cerebrum to pons, relays sensory impulses to to thalamus from spinal cord, coordinates movement of head and neck 174. relays sensory and motor input from spinal cord to brain, right side to left side crossover of many spinal nerves, regulates consciousness, heart rate, coughing breathing and sneezing 175. sensory, motor and associative areas responsible for thought, motion and emotion 176. E hypothalamus Structure Choices A. cerebellum B. cerebrum C. epithalmus E. hypothalamus AB. medulla oblongota AC. midbrain AD. pons AE. subthalamus BC. thalamus Page 23 of 26 565334565 Biology 105 – Human Biology Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Spring 2008 55244 4 Units UVC1 St. Helena F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM RIDDELL PRACTICE FINAL EXAM NERVOUS SYSTEM NEURONS 177. Which of the following is a neurotransmitter that triggers muscle contraction? A) myosin B) tropomyosin C) troponin D) acetylcholine 178. The nerve impulse is an electrical current that travels along dendrites or axons. A) True B) False 179. An action potential arriving at the presynaptic terminal causes... A) sodium ions to diffuse into the cell. B) sodium ions to diffuse out of the cell. C) calcium ions to diffuse into the cell. D) acetylcholine to diffuse into the cell. E) ligand-gated sodium channels to open. 180. Acetylcholine is actively transported from the pre-synaptic membrane to the post - synaptic membrane. A) True B) False 181. The cells that transmit nerve impulses between parts of the nervous system are called ________. A) neuroglia B) neurons C) motor cells D) nervous tissue 182. The _______ is the portion of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses. A) dendrite B) axon C) myelin sheath D) sensory receptor 183. This protective covering on the axon is formed by a type of neurglia called Schwann cells. A) insulating sheath B) axon terminal C) myelin sheath D) neuroglia sheath Page 24 of 26 565334565 Biology 105 – Human Biology Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Spring 2008 55244 4 Units UVC1 St. Helena F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM RIDDELL PRACTICE FINAL EXAM SPECIAL SENSES 184. The type of sensory receptor that receives stimuli from inside the body is a(n) ____________. A) exteroceptor B) proprioceptor C) photoreceptor D) interoceptor 185. _____ occurs when the cerebral cortex interprets the nerve impulses from sense organs. A) Sensation B) Perception C) Reception D) Action 186. Many taste buds lie on the walls of small elevations on the tongue called ________ . A) papillae B) bumps C) palate pieces D) epiglottis pyramids 187. The sense of smell is dependent on _________ in the roof of the nasal cavity that contain numerous types of receptor proteins. A) olfactory cells B) hair cells C) mucus cells D) All of these are correct. 188. The iris _______. A) regulates pupil size and light entrance B) refracts light rays C) absorbs stray light rays D) contains receptors for sight 189. The posterior compartment of the eye behind the lens if filled with a viscous material called the _____ humor. A) choroid B) aqueous C) vitreous D) optic Page 25 of 26 565334565 Biology 105 – Human Biology Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Spring 2008 55244 4 Units UVC1 St. Helena F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM RIDDELL PRACTICE FINAL EXAM 190. The area in the retina that is responsible for acute vision and that contains only cones is called the __________. A) optic nerve B) fovea centralis C) pupil D) choroid 191. To view distant objects, the lens remains relatively ________. A) flat B) curved C) rounded D) spherical 192. There are no rods or cones where the optic nerve passes through the retina, making this a(n) ________ spot. A) blind B) open C) retinal D) optic 193. The receptors for hearing and equilibrium are located in the _____. A) inner ear B) middle ear C) outer ear D) tympanic membrane 194. Which of the following occur in the process of hearing? A) Sound waves enter the auditory canal. B) Waves vibrate the tympanic membrane. C) The stapes vibrates the oval window of the cochlea. D) All of the above 195. Rotational equilibrium utilizes the base of each of the three semicircular canals in the ear, called the ________. A) chambers B) ampullae C) utricles D) saccules Page 26 of 26 565334565