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Ch. 12 of The American Pageant, “The Second War
for Independence and the Upsurge of Nationalism,”
(Part 2) pp. 232-244
Directions: As you read Chapter 12, I’ve taken the main idea of each section
and turned it into a thesis/topic sentence. Explain the provided
examples/terms in each section to tie it into the topic sentence.
Overall main idea: Between 1812 and 1814, the United States fought Great
Britain to a draw over shipping restrictions, Indian conflicts, expansionism
and restored respect and power.
Seemingly clear-cut differences between the Federalist and Republican parties grew
more complicated as new opportunities and crises confronted the early United
States.
The So-Called Era of Good Feelings (232-233)
(4.2.IIID)
Main idea: James Monroe’s presidency was an uncontested political Era of Good
Feelings, but other issues produced conflict and sectionalism.

James Monroe –

The Era of Good Feelings –

Or not so Good Feelings? (Explain what trouble was brewing)
The Panic of 1819 and the Curse of Hard Times (233)
Main idea: Western land speculation led to the Panic of 1819, the first financial
panic of U.S. history.

Explain what caused the Panic of 1819-‘
Additional Notes

Identify which groups of society were impacted by the Panic.

Like today, people like to blame bad things on other people. Who did
many people villify as scapegoats for the Panic? (4.1.IA)
Growing Pains in the West (233-234) (4.2.IIIA/ 4.2.IIIB)
Main idea: Americans continued to move west in the early 1800s due to cheap,
fertile land opened up by the defeat of the Native Americans and new roads.


______ new states joined the U.S. between 1791 and 1819
“Ohio Fever”

The west was forced to ally itself with other sections. Explain this
statement.

Land At of 1820-

“Wild Cat” Banks- (4.1.IC/ 4.2.IIIE)
Slavery and the Sectional Balance (235)
Main idea: Missouri’s joining the union threatened to upset the balance of free and
slave states and caused conflict between the North and the South.




In the House of Representatives, the northern free states were outnumbering the
southern slave states due to population
In the House of Senate, the balance was even—there were the same amount of
free and slave states
Missouri was ready to be admitted as a state, but it would upset the free and
slave balance in the Senate
Tallmadge Amendment- (Why was it controversial?) (4.3.IIIA/4.2ID)
Additional Notes

What was the peculiar institution?
The Uneasy Missouri Compromise (237-238)
Additional Notes
(4.3.IIIA/4.1.ID)
Main idea: The Missouri Compromise solved the slavery balance problem, but only
temporarily.

Henry Clay-

Missouri Compromise, 1820 –

(36.30 line)

What claim to fame does James Monroe possess in the annals of the American
Presidency?
Overall main idea: After the War of 1812, U.S. nationalism grew through
John Marshall’s Supreme Court decisions and President Monroe’s foreign
policies.
John Marshall and Judicial Nationalism (238)
Main idea: John Marshall’s Supreme Court made decisions that strengthened the
federal government and the Supreme Court.

Judicial nationalism –

McCulloch v. Maryland, 1819 –

Cohens v. Virginia, 1821-

Gibbons v. Ogden, 1824 –
Judicial Dikes Against Democratic Excesses (238-239)
Main idea: John Marshall’s Supreme Court made decisions that strengthened the
federal government, business, contracts and property rights over state and popular
attacks.

Fletcher v. Peck, 1810 –

Dartmouth College v. Woodward, 1819 –

Daniel Webster
Sharing Oregon and Acquiring Florida (239-241)
Main idea: The U.S. under President Monroe and Sec. of State John Quincy Adams
shared control of Oregon with Britain and acquired Florida from Spain.


President Monroe and Sec. of State John Quincy Adams were both nationalists
Treaty of 1818 – (Anglo-American Convention) (4.3.IA/ 4.3IB)

What role did Jackson play in acquiring Florida? First Seminole War
(4.3.IIC)

Florida Purchase Treaty of 1819 – (Adams-Onis Treaty)
The Menace of Monarchy in America (241-242)
Main idea: Monarchs of Europe allied together to crush and re-conquer emerging
democracies, leading Britain to offer an alliance with the U.S.


Monarchs of Europe crushed democratic rebellion in Italy, Spain.
What freaked American’s out about these conservative monarchies looking to
take back what was undone during the age of the French Revolution and
Napoleon?

What was worrisome about the Russians?
Additional Notes

What was Prime Minister George Canning’s proposal to the United States?
Monroe and his Doctrine (242-243)
Main idea: Instead of allying with the British, the U.S. issued the Monroe Doctrine,
warning Europe against any future colonization or intervention in the Americas.

Sec. of State John Quincy Adams-

Monroe Doctrine, 1823 –
Monroe’s Doctrine Appraised (243-244)
Main idea: Monroe’s Doctrine had little power or legal standing, but was merely a
self-defensive nationalistic pronouncement for American foreign affairs.

Explain how European leaders viewed the Monroe Doctrine.

How was it perceived in Latin America and why?

Russo-American Treaty (1824)-

The Monroe Doctrine was an example of an attempt at foreign policy nationalism
and isolationism (Explain)
Additional Notes
AP REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR THIS SECTION (7-16 on page 245A246A)
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