Download Module: Duties at work

Agriculture
Entry 2: Writing
Module: Duties at work
Module aims
Main aim
We are learning to write about work activities using the past and present continuous
verb forms.
Other learning aims
We are learning:
 To use modal verbs to show different meanings in simple sentences
 To make the simple past tense of verbs
 To write sentences in the present continuous form
Module: Duties at work
Main aim: We are learning to write about work activities using the past and
present continuous verb forms
Aim:
We are learning about using modal verbs to show different meanings
in simple sentences
In English simple sentences are made up of:
Subject – verb – object
Sokol pots the plants.
or
S V O
Esha is wearing her wellingtons. I push the trolley.
The subject is what the sentence is about.
The verb is the action that happens.
The object shows what the action is about.
The text ‘What you must do and what your employer must do’ is in the present tense.
Your
subject
verb
(simple present tense)
object
You
keep
the health and safety rules
You
do
the job
employer
tells
you about changes
Sometimes, we use a small verb to help the main verb. This helping verb is also
called an auxiliary verb. In the text, must helps the main verb.
Your
subject
verb
object
You
must keep
the health and safety rules
You
must not break
the health and safety rules
employer
must tell
you about changes
Look at these helping verbs.
must
shows something you have to do
You must wear safety clothes.
must not
shows something you cannot do
You must not smoke here.
have to
shows something you need to have or do
You have to obey the rules.
could
is used to show politeness or something that might happen
Could you get me a bag of compost?
You could get the sack.
You could speak to a manager.
could not
is used to show that something cannot happen
You could not lift that. It’s too heavy.
should
is used to show something that is likely to happen but not certain
You should do the training.
Remember that have is a main verb, too.
I have my lunch
does not mean the same as
I have to have my lunch
I have my lunch
means that I have the meal in front me.
I have to have my lunch
means that I need my lunch.
Task 1: Find the helping verbs
Find the helping or auxiliary verbs in this piece of text. Underline them. The
first one is done.
Duties at Work
(When you work in agriculture there are rules you must keep. You should have
induction training when you start work.
It is your duty to follow the rules at work. They keep you safe. They keep other
workers safe. All workers have to keep to the health and safety rules. If you break
the rules, you could lose your job.
You must do the job the way you are shown. For example, you must use the
safety equipment for the task. You must not do the task any other way. You have
to take care of other people.
You should talk to your supervisor if you are not sure about something.
Task 2: Put in the helping verb
Here are some sentences without the helping verb. Look at the sentence
carefully and then put in the helping verb. The first one shows you what to do.
could
must
should
must not
1. These are the rules. You _must_ follow them.
2. Didn’t you see the ‘no smoking’ sign? You ___________ smoke here.
3. That cut looks bad. You ___________ see the first aider. I would.
4. __________ you pass me my bottle of water please?
5. There’s a blue sign here. That means you _________ do what the sign says.
6. I’m not sure if I __________ apply for that job. I’ll think about it.
7. __________ you help me move this compost, please?
8. You _________ do that job without a visor.
Task 3: Change the helping verb
Read the helping verb in these sentences. Change it for one that fits the
sentence. The first one shows you what to do.
could
must
should
must not
I cannot be late for work at 8 am. I could get up at 6 o’clock.
I cannot be late for work at 8 am. I must get up at 6 o’clock.
1.
I need more compost. Should you get me some?
___________________________________________________________
2.
If you want to smoke, you could go to the smoking area.
___________________________________________________________
3.
If you work in agriculture, you should follow the health and safety rules.
___________________________________________________________
4.
Must you pass the sun cream, please?
___________________________________________________________
5.
Your employer should give you your Personal Protective Equipment.
___________________________________________________________
6.
You could do what the blue signs tell you.
___________________________________________________________
7.
You should not wear an MP3 player at work.
___________________________________________________________
8.
There are a number of jobs we can start now. We must re-pot the plants.
___________________________________________________________
Aim: We are learning to make the simple past tense of verbs.
The text ‘What you must do and what your employer must do’ is mainly in the
present tense.
subject
verb
(simple present tense)
object
There
are
A number of steps
You
raise
any concerns
Making the past tense
When you make the past tense, you add ed to the base form of the verb.
For most verbs, you just add ed to the base form of the verb:
harm
harmed
For most verbs that end in a consonant followed by a vowel (a e i o u) followed by a
consonant (CVC), double the last letter and add ed.
verb
f i t
verb

fitted
stop

Stopped
consonant
consonant
If the verb already ends with an e,
just add a d
If the verb ends with a y, drop the y
and add ied
hope

hoped
apply

Word check
Verbs that end in w or x do not double the letter before –ed.
mixed
borrowed
applied
Simple present tense
Simple past tense
to show
I show
I showed
to protect
he protects
he protected
to harm
they harm
they harmed
to raise
she raises
she raised
to carry
I carry
I carried
Simple present tense
Simple past tense
Some verbs do not follow this rule:
to tell
I tell
I told
to know
he knows
he knew
to take
we take
we took
to find
they find
they found
to do
she does
she did
to be
he is
he was
to keep
you keep
you kept
Task 4: Find the past tense
Read this text and underline all the verbs in the past tense. The first one is done
for you.
Health and safety at work
Sokol found out about health and safety at work during his induction.
He asked his supervisor when there was something he did not understand.
During induction, the supervisor told Sokol about the rules he must follow at the
garden centre. Sokol listened carefully.
His supervisor told him about the centre. He showed Sokol what to do in an
emergency. He told him where to go for first aid. Sokol took notes to help him
remember. He raised any concerns with his supervisor.
Task 5: Write in the past tense
Write these sentences in the simple past tense. Use the rules you learned to
help you. The first one shows you what to do.
1.
You talk to your manager about things you do not understand.
___________________________________________________________
2.
He keeps the health and safety rules.
___________________________________________________________
3.
Her manager tells her about any changes at work.
___________________________________________________________
4.
He takes care when he works.
___________________________________________________________
5.
I am careful about other people.
___________________________________________________________
6.
We do take notes during induction.
___________________________________________________________
7.
Tran shows me where to go for first aid.
___________________________________________________________
8.
Talia raises any problems with her line manager.
___________________________________________________________
9.
I find the staff room.
___________________________________________________________
10. We know about the health and safety rules.
___________________________________________________________
Task 6: Word grid
protect
take
harm
tell
do
keep
show
find
know
raise
Writing about what you are doing
Aim: We are learning to write sentences in the present continuous form.
The present tense shows what is happening now. There are two ways of
the present tense.
writing in
Tran pots plants.
This shows that Tran regularly pots plants.
Tran is potting a plant.
This shows that Tran is potting a plant at that moment.
Making the present continuous
The first part is using the present tense of the verb to be.
singular
plural
I am
We are
You are
You are
He/she is
They are
The second part is to add ing to the base form of the verb. There are three rules:
1. For most verbs you add ing to the base form of the verb.
sign
signing
clean
cleaning
2. For most verbs that end in consonant followed by a vowel (a e i o u) followed by a
consonant (CVC), double the last letter and add ing.
Base verb
vowel
stop
 stopping
cut
begin
 beginning
consonant
Word check
Verbs that end in w or x do not double the letter before –ing.
mixing
borrowing
3. If the verb ends in the letter e, drop the e and add ing.
but
charge
charging
lose
losing
tie
tying
Task 7: The present continuous
Underline the present continuous in this text about Tran.
Tran has worked for a commercial garden centre for a year.
He had site awareness training when he started.
Today he is tending the plants. He is watering the cuttings in
the greenhouse. He is making sure that the greenhouse is the
right temperature. He is checking the condition of the plants.
Yesterday he worked on the potting machine
Task 8: Change the verb form
These sentences are in the present tense. Write them in the present
continuous form using the rules you have read. The first one shows you what
to do.
The supervisor shows Jojo what to do.
The supervisor is showing Jojo what to do.
1.
Tran checks the plants.
___________________________________________________________
2.
Mike puts on some sun screen.
___________________________________________________________
3.
Talia covers the cut on her hand.
___________________________________________________________
4.
Boris washes his hands before lunch.
___________________________________________________________
5.
Ali prunes the roses.
___________________________________________________________
6.
You drive the combine.
___________________________________________________________
7.
Jojo picks the apples.
___________________________________________________________
8.
Sokol cleans the work area.
___________________________________________________________
9.
Oba carries the sacks.
___________________________________________________________
10. Carlos pots the plants.
___________________________________________________________
How did you get on?
Module 1: Duties at work answers
Task 1 answers
Duties at Work
(When you work in agriculture there are rules you must keep. You should have
induction training when you start work.
It is your duty to follow the rules at work. They keep you safe. They keep other
workers safe. All workers have to keep to the health and safety rules. If you break
the rules, you could lose your job.
You must do the job the way you are shown. For example, you must use the
safety equipment for the task. You must not do the task any other way. You have
to take care of other people.
You should talk to your supervisor if you are not sure about something.
Task 2 answers
could
must
should
must not
1. These are the rules. You _must_ follow them.
2. Didn’t you see the ‘no smoking’ sign? You _must not_ smoke here.
3. That cut looks bad. You _should_ see the first aider. I would.
4. _Could_ you pass me my bottle of water please?
5. There’s a blue sign here. That means you _must_ do what the sign says.
6. I’m not sure if I _should_ apply for that job. I’ll think about it.
7. _Could_ you help me move this compost, please?
8. You _must not_ do that job without a visor.
Task 3 answers
could
must
should
must not
1.
I need more compost. Could you get me some?
2.
If you want to smoke, you must go to the smoking area.
3.
If you work in agriculture, you must follow the health and safety rules.
4.
Could you pass the sun cream, please?
5.
Your employer must give you your Personal Protective Equipment.
6.
You must do what the blue signs tell you.
7.
You must not wear an MP3 player at work.
8.
There are a number of jobs we can start now. We could re-pot the plants.
Task 4 answers
Health and safety at work
Sokol found out about health and safety at work during his induction.
He asked his supervisor when there was something he did not understand.
During induction, the supervisor told Sokol about the rules he must follow at the
garden centre. Sokol listened carefully.
His supervisor told him about the centre. He showed Sokol what to do in an
emergency. He told him where to go for first aid. Sokol took notes to help him
remember. He raised any concerns with his supervisor.
Task 5 answers
1.
You talked to your manager about things you did not understand.
2.
He kept the health and safety rules.
3.
Her manager told her about any changes at work.
4.
He took care when he worked.
5.
I was careful about other people.
6.
We did take notes during induction.
7.
Tran showed me where to go for first aid.
8.
Talia raised any problems with her line manager.
9.
I found the staff room.
10. We knew about the health and safety rules.
Task 6 answers
Task 7 answers
Tran has worked for a commercial garden centre for a year.
He had site awareness training when he started.
Today he is tending the plants. He is watering the cuttings in
the greenhouse. He is making sure that the greenhouse is the
right temperature. He is checking the condition of the plants.
Yesterday he worked on the potting machine
Task 8 answers
1.
Tran checks the plants.
Tran is checking the plants. Remember the base form is to check.
Just add ing
2.
Mike puts on some sun screen.
Mike is putting on some sun screen. The base form is to put. This has a
short vowel so double the last letter and add ing.
3.
Talia covers the cut on her hand.
Talia is covering the cut on her hand.
4.
Boris washes his hands before lunch.
Boris is washing his hands before lunch.
5.
Ali prunes the roses.
Ali is pruning the roses. Remember the base form is to prune so drop the e
6.
You drive the combine.
You are driving the combine.
7.
Jojo picks the apples.
Jojo is picking the apples.
8.
Sokol cleans the work area.
Sokol is cleaning the work area. Remember the base form is to clean.
This has a long vowel so add ing.
9.
Oba carries the sacks.
Oba is carrying the sacks. Remember the base form is to carry so just
add ing.
10. Carlos pots the plants.
Carlos is potting the plants. Remember the base form is to pot This has a
short vowel so double the last letter and add ing.