Download Chapter 11 Review

Chapter 11 Review Questions: to answer on a separate piece of paper.
Section 11.1: Stars
Check Your Understanding
Checking Concepts
1. What makes up most of interstellar matter?
2. Briefly explain how a star forms.
3. Is our Sun a low mass, intermediate mass, or high mass star?
4. Describe a supernova.
5. How does a black hole form?
6. What is a star’s spectrum?
7. Explain the Doppler effect.
Understanding Key Ideas
8.
(a) Describe the process of fusion in a star.
(b) What else is produced from a fusion reaction?
9. Why do black holes have such extraordinary gravitational pull?
10. What will eventually happen to all the stars in the universe?
11. omit
12. (a) Using the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram for guidance, describe the temperature-luminosity relationship for each of the
following types of stars.
(i) white dwarfs
(ii) red giants
(iii) supergiants
(b) Why is it more difficult to describe the position of a main sequence star than the ones above on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram?
13.
How is the colour of a star related to its temperature?
14. How is the colour of a star related to its luminosity (brightness)?
Section 11.2
The Sun and its Planetary System
Check Your Understanding
Checking Concepts
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Why is most of the mass of the solar system contained in the Sun?
Briefly describe the protoplanet theory of planet formation.
What name is given to a group of planets that orbit a star?
Why do sunspots appear as dark areas on the Sun’s surface?
What is solar wind?
Describe two differences between the inner and outer planets.
Name a planet that has no atmosphere.
Where is the Kuiper Belt found?
Describe the composition of a comet
Describe the materials that both the Kuiper Belt and the Oort Cloud contain.
© McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007
-1-
BC Science 9
Chapter 11 Review Questions: to answer on a separate piece of paper.
Understanding Key Ideas
11.
An astronomical unit (AU) is the average distance between Earth and the Sun. Explain why the distances between bodies in
the solar system are measured using AUs.
12. Compare and contrast the following terms.
(a) planet and solar system
(b) rotation and revolution
(c) comets and asteroids
13.
Is it possible for an object in space to revolve but not rotate? Explain?
14. Describe the shape of the paths of planets that orbit the Sun?
15. Although asteroids orbit as planets do, why are asteroids not considered to be planets?
16. Explain why the frozen debris found in the Oort Cloud, more than 50 000 AU away from the Sun, is still considered part of the
solar system.
Section 11.3
Measuring Distances in Space
Check Your Understanding
Checking Concepts
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What is an astronomical unit?
Define a light-year.
Explain how you would use triangulation to determine the distance to an object on Earth’s surface.
Why do you need to have a baseline to make a triangulation measurement?
Describe what parallax means.
Why are kilometres usually not used to indicate distances in space?
Understanding Key Ideas
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Why are the distances between bodies in the solar system not measured in light-years?
Why is it best to use a long baseline when determining distances using triangulation?
Explain why parallax is not a good technique for determining distances of stars that are extremely far away (that is, greater than
500 light-years)
10. A student is trying to determine the distance from where she is standing to a tall tree in a field nearby. She collected and recorded
the following data:
Angle A 45°
Angle B 62°
Baseline 10 m
Scale: 1 cm = 5 m
In your notebook, draw a scale model using these figures and calculate the distance to the tree
11. Parallax and triangulation are considered to be indirect measurement techniques. Why are such techniques used to measure
distances in space?
© McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007
-2-
BC Science 9