Download ART HISTORY REVIEW

ART HISTORY REVIEW
1. NAME OF THE ERA: Roman Art
2. APPROXIMATE DATES INVOLVED: 753 B.C. to 400 A.D.
3. NAME OF PREVIOUS ERA: Etruscan Art
4. STYLISTIC CHARACTERISTIC/HOW TO RECOGNIZE TIME PERIOD
 Concrete structures
 Mixture of greek, Etruscan in early temple design
 Portraits of emperors: more realistic
 4 styles of fresco painting
 propaganda art: Ara Pacis, arch’s
 arch’s to commemorate emperors
 forums: including basilicas
 continuous narrative relief: column of Trajan/Circus official
 sarcophagus with Greek mythology
5. RELIGION (WHO IS IN POWER AND BASIC STRUCTURE)
 Eastern religions gaining influence
 1st Christian Emperor, Constantine
 Roman imperial religion: incense and support to the emperors
 Greek: cult of Dionysis
 Sol Invictus (sun god)
6. THE WORLD (ECONOMICS, WARS, SOCIAL STRUCTURE)
 Soldier emperors: killed one after another
 Women not as prominent
 Augustus trying to raise moral standards, increase birth rate
 Battle of Milvian Bridge: Constantine beats Maxentius, Christian vision
 Battles against the Dacians: Trajan’s column, for gold
 Battle to defeat Jerusalem: Arch of Titus
7. WHY AND WHAT CAUSED THE CHANGE IN THE ARTS
 Portrayal of emperors: physically, and showing their accomplishments
 Discovery/use of concrete
 Basilicas for large gathering spaces
 Christian emperor: iconography
 Copying of Greek art
8. MAIN ARTISTS AND A MAJOR WORK
 Marcus Aurelius equestrian statue
 Colosseum
 Pantheon
 Column of Trajan
 Pont du Gard
 Still life with peaches
9. ARCHITECTURAL STYLE/HOW TO RECOGNIZE IT/NEW CONTRIBUTIONS
 Arcuated entablature
 Orders of columns descending weight
 Barrel/groin vaulting
 Concrete: new shapes, higher wider spaces open
 Temple of Sibyl: pentagon base, 5 sided Corinthian capitals, curving inside
 Pseudoperipteral: engaged half columns
 Triumphant/arches
 Plan of home: peristyle, atrium, impluvium, etc.
 Insulae apartment buildings