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NOTES: Ch 6- Introduction to the Cell The Cell Theory 1) 2) 3) MICROSCOPES 1) Light Microscope: 2) Electron Microscope (1950’s) •_________________________ Electron Microscope •_________________________ Electron Microscope Light Microscope **ADVANTAGES to Light Scope: 1. Color image instead of monochrome 2. Larger field of view 3. Easily prepared sample material 4. Possible to observe living material & observe movement Electron Microscope (1950’s) 1. Transmission Electron Microscope -used to study internal cell structureScanning Electron Microscope -useful for studying the surface of specimen in 3-D.**Disadvantages to EM: WE CAN ALSO STUDY CELLS BY... Cell Fractionation = Centrifugation = •spinning mixtures of cells and their parts at very high speeds; separates the components ALL CELLS: CELLS CAN BE CLASSIFIED AS: 1. PROKARYOTES 2. EUKARYOTES SOME IMPORTANT CELL PARTS ARE… NUCLEUS -averages __________ in diameter NUCLEAR ENVELOPE CHROMATIN CHROMOSOMES NUCLEOLUS 1) rRNA: transcribed in nucleolus 2) RNA produced elsewhere in the nucleus -Ribosomal subunits pass through nuclear pores to the cytoplasm where assembly into ribosomes is completed RIBOSOME -cells with high rates of protein synthesis have large numbers of nucleoli & ribosomes (e.g. human liver cells have millions) -may be free (suspended in cytosol) or bound (attached to the ER)