Download THE PLANT CELL The protoplasm of a single cell is called the

THE PLANT CELL
1. The protoplasm of a single cell is called the protoplast. Outline and briefly define
the main parts of the protoplast. Including this information, further describe a
typical plant cell.
2. Label:
3. Outline the process of mitosis
4. What changes occur in the following metabolic processes of plants:
a. Photosynthesis
b. Respiration
c. Assimilation
d. Digestion
5. What is the importance of chromatin?
6. What are chromosomes?
THE PLANT CELL
1. The protoplasm of a single cell is called the protoplast. Outline and briefly define
the main parts of the protoplast. Including this information, further describe a
typical plant cell.
Protoplasm is that viscous liquid found inside the cells which is the actual
matter of cells. In the protoplasm, the suspending medium is water, and the
suspended particles are usually proteins or fatty materials. These are held in
suspension by a charged coating of water molecules. A typical plant cell
consists of a nucleus, nucleolus, cytoplasm (protoplast), vacuole, chloroplasts,
plasma membrane, mitochondria (tonoplast, plasmolema, golgi bodies, etc.)
2. Label:
Vacuole, tonoplast, cell wall
nucleus, nucleolus, chloroplast, cytoplasm
3. Outline the process of mitosis
Answer should include either explanation or drawing of the following
(to include nucleus and chromosomes, centromere, etc.):
Interphase, Early Prophase, Late Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase,
Telophase, and resulting Daughter Cells.
4. What changes occur in the following metabolic processes of plants:
a. Photosynthesis – During photosynthesis, light energy is converted into
useful chemical energy. Radiant energy is trapped by the pigments of
green plants and used to reduce atmospheric CO2 to sugars, which
can be oxidized, releasing energy in a useful form for growth
development and maintenance of ling plant tissue.
b. Respiration – The oxidation of organic compounds with concomitant
consumption of oxygen. During respiration, essentially what occurs is
that acetate in mitochondia is oxidized, releasing CO2, water and
energy to the plant.
c. Assimilation – Non-living material is converted into living substance.
d. Digestion – The process whereby water-insoluble, non-diffusible foods
are converted into water-soluble diffusible foods. (Also, complex
foods are converted into simpler ones).
5. What is the importance of chromatin?
The complex of DNA and nucleoproteins (histones) are called chromatin, the
structural component of chromosomes. Therefore, chromatin is important in
that it IS the structural component of chromosomes and contains the genetic
code of the plant.
6. What are chromosomes?
A chromosome is one of the bodies in the cell nucleus along which genes are
located, visualized as threads or rods of chromatin which appear in a
contracted form during mitosis and meiosis.