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Name ___________________________________________ Classification Study Guide Date __________ Period _________ 1) Define the important terms below: a) Classification The grouping of things according to similar characteristics b) Taxonomy a method of classifying organisms according to natural relationships c) Taxonomist a scientist who studies the classification of living things d) Binomial Nomenclature a two name system for naming organisms e) Eukaryotic describes cells that have a true nucleus which surround and protects the DNA f) Prokaryotic describes cells that do not have a nucleus – the DNA just floats around in the cytoplasm g) Heterotroph (consumer) An organism that feeds on other organisms to obtain nutrients h) Autotroph (producer) An organism that makes its own food through photosynthesis i) Decomposer An special type of consumer that feeds on the remains of dead organisms Early Classification Systems 2) Aristotle classified all organisms into 2 kingdoms. What are those two kingdoms? Plants and Animals 3) What are 2 major problems with this system of classification? o There are organisms that do not fit into any category o There are organisms that fit into multiple categories o Organisms that are not related wind up in the same category Binomial Nomenclature 4) What is the name of the scientist who came up with binomial nomenclature? Carolus Linnaeus (Carl von Linne) 5) What are the rules when typing and writing by hand in binomial nomenclature? o o o o Write the genus and species name next to each other Capitalize the first letter of the genus & lower case the rest Lower case the entire species If handwriting, then underline – If typing, then italics 6) Why is binomial nomenclature a useful way to name organisms? It solved the problem of organisms having multiple names in different parts of the world 7) Write the scientific names below in the correct binomial nomenclature format. A) Apis mellifera B) Felis concolor C) Canis lupis Modern Classification 8) List the 8 levels of classification in order from most broad to most specific. Domain Did Kingdom King Phylum Phillip Class Call Order Out Family For Genus Good Species Soup 9) Complete the table below Domain Kingdom (if applicable) Are the organisms Multicellular or Unicellular? Are the organisms Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic? Are the organisms Producers or Consumers? Bacteria X U P BOTH Archaea X U P BOTH Fungi Both E C Plants M E P Animals M E C Protista Both E Both Eukarya 3 Examples Blue Green Bacteria & E.coli (only 1 Example needed) Chemotrophs that live at hydrothermal vents Mold Mildew Yeast Mushroom Trees Flowers Ferns Moss Lions Tigers Bears Ameba Euglena Paramecium 10) State 4 ways how bacteria can be helpful and 2 ways it can be harmful. Helpful Harmful Make oxygen Spoil food Make certain foods Act as decomposers Act as probiotics in supporting your digestive system Make you sick (cause illness and disease) 11) Why do we refer to archaea as chemotrophic? They use chemicals in their environment to make food 12) What is a hydrothermal vent? A location on the ocean floor where super-heated water is released into the ocean. This is where archaea live. 13) State the name of each protista on lines A, B, & C Label the cell structure each protista uses for movement on lines D, E, & F Draw a * next to the protist that is an autotroph (producer). *A Euglena B Ameba C Paramecium D Flagellum E Pseudopod F Cilia Quiz Format 13 multiple choice questions Aristotle - 2 kingdoms & why they were bad Define Binomial Nomenclature and explain why it is useful Levels of Classification - answer questions Bacteria: Harmful/Helpful Protista graph 2 Dichotomous Keys Classification Chart (any "both" will be filled in) 5 bonus points