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NAME________________________________________ DATE_________ PERIOD_________ Cell Transport and the Cell Membrane Homeostasis (pg 175) Homeostasis is the process by which individual cells as well as organisms _______________________a stable internal environment despite a ___________________ external environment. List 4 functions of the cell membrane: a. _________________________________________ b. _________________________________________ c. _________________________________________ d. _________________________________________ Lipid Bilayer (pg176) The cell membrane is made of a “sea” of _____________. The phospholipids have a hydrophilic (water attracting) __________ and two hydrophobic (water repelling) ____________. The head of a phospholipid is made of a _____________, while the two tails are ____________. Phospholipid cell membrane allows only ___________________ substances to pass through into or out of the cell. SKETCH AND LABEL a phospholipid coloring the heads red and the tails blue. PHOSPHOLIPID (pg176, Figure 2) Membrane Proteins (pg 176-177) Embedded in the phospholipid bilayer are _________________ . There are four types, the one called _______________ help with important biochemical reactions within the cell, while the ________________ act as identifiers, the _________________ provide the cell with a sense of its environment, and the ___________________ help with the movement of substances. Correctly color code and identify the name for each part of the cell membrane. Letter _____ _____ _____ Name/Color Phospholipid bilayer (no color) Cell Surface markers (pink) Phosphate heads (yellow) Letter _____ _____ _____ 1 Name/Color Receptor protein (red) Enzymes (blue) Cholesterol (purple) Match the cell membrane structure or its function with the correct letter from the cell membrane diagram. Letter Structure/Function Letter Structure/Function _____ _____ Attracts water Helps with biochemical reactions Involved in cell-to-cell recognition _____ _____ Repels water Sugars _____ Enables a cell to sense its surroundings _____ Passive Transport (pg 178 – 181) Define osmosis. _______________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ In which direction does water move across membranes, up or down the concentration gradient? ________________ Define these 3 terms: a. isotonic________________________________________________________ b. hypertonic ________________________________________________________ c. hypotonic ________________________________________________________ Use arrows to show the direction of water movement into or out of each cell. Color and label the cell in an isotonic environment light blue, the hypotonic environment yellow, and the hypertonic environment light green. 2 Match the description or picture with the osmotic condition: A. Isotonic B. Hypertonic C. Hypotonic _____ solution with a lower solute concentration _____ solution in which the solute concentration is the same _____ condition plant cells require _____ condition that animal cells require _____ red blood cell bursts (cytolysis) _____ plant cell membrane shrinks _____ solution with a higher solute concentration Label the tonicity for each solution (isotonic, hypotonic, or hypertonic): ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ 3 ____________ ____________ Active Transport (pg 182 -183) Active transport requires ____________ to move substances __________________ their concentration gradient. __________ is the type of energy most often used in active transport. One type of active transport is called the ________________________________ pump. This pump uses _________________ proteins to move substances _____________ the concentration gradient. _______________ ions bind to the protein. The protein changes its ________________ to move the ions across the cell membrane. Label and color the carrier proteins red and the ions green. Moving a large substance into or out of a cell takes a special process. This process uses _____________ to transport substances. Moving substances out of a cell is called ____________ while moving substances into a cell is called ___________________. What type of transport is represented by the picture below? _________________________ In which direction (concentration gradient), is the movement occurring? __________________ Color the internal (inside) environment of the cell yellow. Color and Label the vesicle red and outline the cell membrane blue. This is an example of ENDOCYTOSIS / EXOCYSTOSIS. (Circle one) 4