Download timeline of the cold war - Walshe

Analyze the factors contributing to the end of the Cold War.
--REVIEW –
TIMELINE OF THE COLD WAR
STALIN -- _________________________________________
____________________________– US, GB, USSR agreed that free elections would
be held in all Eastern European countries.
 USA wanted help fighting Japan.
1945 Potsdam Conference – US scolded ________________________________
Truman now ___________________and no longer need Soviet help defeating Japan.
1946 Churchill’s Iron Curtain Speech
________________________– US committed itself to helping any country to fight
communism – “containment” of “____________________”.
 1947 __________________
 1948 Berlin Airlift
 1949 __________________
 1950-53 Korean War
TIMELINE OF THE COLD WAR
______________________-- Eisenhower, Kennedy, LBJ
1956 Khrushchev - ___________________________________USSR and US tensions
ease by way of summit meetings and a rejection of the belief that war inevitable.
 1955 __________________________
 1956 Hungarian Revolt
 1957 _____________(started space race)
 1959___________________– China disagrees with peaceful co-existence.
 1960 U-2 Incident –_______________________.
 1961 _________________and Berlin Wall
 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis
 1963 Hot Line established,______________________________.
 1964 _______________________Resolution
TIMELINE COLD WAR –______________________– LBJ, Nixon, Carter, Reagan
1963 Partial Test Ban Treaty
1964 Khrushchev was forced from power because of ____________________and
the failure of________________________– succeeded by Brezhnev, an old time
conservative – more acceptable than Khrushchev.
______________________– Czechoslovakian government _____________attempted
to bring about reforms. The USSR sent in tanks and announced the Brezhnev
Doctrine – USSR declares it will use force to______________________________.
(“The duty of Warsaw Pact members to…”)
1969____________________________– The West German government under Willy
Brandt recognized borders between East and West  tensions ease.
1972 ____________________
1971 Normalization of relations between__________________________. China
was given its seat at the Security Council and Nixon visited Beijing in 1972.
1973 US _________________________
1975 Helsinki Accord – international agreement on divided Europe that:
 Recognized the___________________________________, including Berlin. (for
the USSR)
 Promised to defend human rights of peoples on both_______________________.
(for the USA)
1979 USSR_______________________– The end of the period called____________.
 _______________ (1979) scrapped and the 1980 Moscow Olympic Boycott.
 President Carter’s emphasis on _____________________for Russians angered
USSR.
1980__________________________– Polish unions under ____________negotiated
successfully with Polish government for right to organize.
TIMELINE COLD WAR – GORBACHEV – Reagan, Bush I.
1982 Brezhnev dies – leaves USSR with ______________________________and a
failing economy.
1983 US ______________________to prevent Communist revolution
 US had done similar things in Guatemala in 1954.
1985 ______________________________(Andropov and Chernenko) died in office
– Program based on perestroika (_______________) and ____________(openness).
 Perestroika allowed some private enterprise to stimulate production and economy.
 Glasnost allowed criticism of government and________________________.
1985-86 Gorbachev proposes the destruction of a proportion of Soviet missiles in
exchange for____________________, Reagan’s space-based missile-shield program.
1988_______________________________________.
1986 _____________________________(Oliver North) – To save American
hostages in Lebanon, the US sold arms to avowed enemy Iran while also selling arms
to Iraq____________________________. BUT then secretly used the proceeds to
fund anti-Communist guerrillas called the Contras in their attempt to overthrow a
democratically elected___________________________________________.
1989 Gorbachev renounced __________________________and allowed Warsaw
Pact countries to break away from USSR.
 Aug 1989 Poland appointed Solidarity candidate ___________________as PM.
 Oct 1989 _________________________party disbanded.
 Nov 1989 East Germany opened border in Berlin;_______________________.
 Dec 1989 ____________________was elected President in Czechoslovakia.
 Oct 1990 Germany was re-united___________________________.
1990/91_____________________.
1991 Gorbachev was almost overthrown in a failed coup by __________________
Yeltsin prevented a coup from taking over, but soon replaced Gorbachev as leader.
 USSR soon broke apart___________________________, led by the Ukraine and
the Baltic States of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia.
Analyze the factors contributing to the end of the Cold War - Nuclear
Treaties

End of WW2 – USSR ___________________________________forced the US
to maintain atomic superiority.

1945 US test____________, 1949 USSR tests, 1952 ___________________began
when GB tests.



1952 ___________________________(500x atomic), 1955 USSR.
1957 USSR launches Sputnik – US started space race.
1962 Cuban Missile Crisis –_____________________, closest to nuclear war 
lead to nuclear détente.
 Hot Line established and____________________________.
 Other countries were angry at lack of consultation.
 1963 CMC lead to the_____________________________– above ground tests
were prohibited.


By 1964________________________________; by 1974, India.
_____________________– A strategy not to use nukes but to have them to deter
another country from using them –__________________.

1968 __________________________________Treaty formed to keep other
countries from developing nuclear weapons.

1972 SALT 1 (________________________________) signed by US and USSR
to limit the number of ICBMs.

1979 SALT 2 treaty signed to _________________________________(equality)
between US and USSR.

 It failed because of_____________________________.
 ________________increased military spending – détente ends.
 1980-85 Reagan __________________________by 51%.
1981 Reagan began START (_________________________________), which
failed because the US was unwilling to talk about cruise missiles.

1983 SDI (____________________________– Star Wars) increases tensions
because USSR fears falling behind in nuclear technology; It would destroy the
stability of the______________________, and undermine deterrence and MAD.

__________________ (Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces) Treaty signed –
small parts of US and USSR nuclear arsenals dismantled.
 Did not significantly reduce the nuclear threat but did improve relations
(__________________________).

US outspent USSR – USSR forced to back out of arms race.