Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download 2 - Alkanes - Mr. Lee`s Science
Transcript
SCH4C – Organic Chemistry 565312932 Date: _______________________ Alkanes The most basic form of _______________ Only ________ and __________ Used to form more complex organic molecules No points of ___________ Maximum number of hydrogens per carbon Contain only ______________ Naming Alkanes Use IUPAC System ________________________________________________________________ Find the longest continuous chain of _______ atoms and use that as the base name All end with “______” Base Names CH4 _____________ C2H6 _____________ C3H8 _____________ C4H10 _____________ C5H12 _____________ C6H14 _____________ C7H16 _____________ C8H18 _____________ C9H20 _____________ C10H22 _____________ Page 1 of 4 SCH4C – Organic Chemistry 565312932 Drawing Hydrocarbons We don’t want to have to draw out everything in full We want to take shortcuts We create _________________ A line is assumed to have a ___________ at the end if no letter is placed at the end of the line If not letters are present in a line, all junctions/corners are assumed to have __________________________________________________________________ Examples: Branched Hydrocarbons Sometimes there are branches off of the main hydrocarbon chain We need to name each chain separately Start with the longest continuous chain of carbon Count the number of carbons in the branch Page 2 of 4 SCH4C – Organic Chemistry 565312932 Start with the longest continuous chain of carbon Number the carbons so that the branching gets the lowest numbers possible If there are multiple branches, name them alphabetically If there are more than one of a given branch, you can use your prefixes to tell us how many Cyclic Hydrocarbons Sometimes the longer chains can form ring structures We call this group of alkanes __________ To name this structure, count the number of carbons like before We use the prefix “__________” to tell us it is a cyclic hydrocarbon Page 3 of 4 SCH4C – Organic Chemistry 565312932 Draw structures for the following compounds. 1. 4-ethylheptane 2. 2-methylbutane 3. 3-ethyl-octane 4. 3,3-dimethylpentane 5. 5,5-diethyl-3,4-dimethylnonane 6. 2-methylpropane 7. 3-ethyl-5-propyldecane 8. 2,3-dimethylheptane 9. 3,4,5,6-tetramethylnonane 10. 2,3,4-trimethylhexane Name the following structures. 1. 5. CH3 | CH3-CH2-C-CH2-CH2CH3 | CH3 CH3 | CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CHCH3 2. 6. CH3CH2CH2CH-CH3 | CH3 CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 3. 7. CH3 | CH3CH2CH2CHCH3 CH3 | CH3CHCH2CHCH2CH3 | CH2CH3 4. 8. CH3 | CH3CHCHCH2CH3 | CH2CH3 CH3 CH2CH3 | | CH3CHCHCH2CH | | CH3 CH3 Page 4 of 4
