Download Another Global II Mid-Point Review

Another Mid-Point Review
Global History and Geography II
Name: _____________________________
E. Napp
Date: _____________________________
The Scientific Revolution
Reason
Galileo Galilei
Johannes Kepler
Nicolaus Copernicus
The Scientific Revolution
Sir Isaac Newton
The Scientific Method
A. The Renaissance and its spirit of
inquiry led to this significant turning
point; a time of observation,
experimentation, and reason.
B. The five steps include stating the
problem, observation, hypothesis
experimentation, and conclusion.
C. This devout clergyman from Poland
was also an astronomer. He believed
in a heliocentric of sun-centered
universe. He published “On the
Revolutions of Heavenly Bodies” in
1543.
D. He was a professor of mathematics.
He made his own telescope and
provided visual evidence that
supported Copernicus.
E. He created calculus and developed
the law of universal gravitation. He
believed that the universe obeyed
consistent laws.
F. He developed the three laws of
planetary motion. The planets follow
elliptical paths and revolve at
different speeds based on distance
from the sun.
G. This key idea of the Scientific
Revolution led individuals to believe
that it could be used to free people
from superstition, poverty, and
oppression.
Which statement best describes the effects of the During the Scientific Revolution and the
works of Nicolaus Copernicus, Galileo Galilei,
Enlightenment, one similarity in the work of
Sir Isaac Newton, and René Descartes?
many scientists and philosophers was that they
1- The acceptance of traditional authority
1- relied heavily on the ideas of medieval
was strengthened.
thinkers
2- The scientific method was used to solve
2- favored an absolute monarchy as a way
problems.
of improving economic conditions
3- Funding to education was increased by
3- received support from the Catholic
the English government.
Church
4- Interest in Greek and Roman drama was
4- examined natural laws governing the
renewed.
universe
The Enlightenment
John Locke
Catherine the Great
Baron de Montesquieu
Voltaire
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
The Enlightenment
Thomas Hobbes
Writers of the Enlightenment were
primarily interested in
1- changing the relationship between
people and their government
2- supporting the divine right theory
3- debating the role of the church in
society
4- promoting increased power for
European monarchs
A. During this turning point in world
history, intellectuals began to apply
the scientific method and reason to
other fields like government,
economics, and history.
B. This English political philosopher
defended royal absolutism and
published “Leviathan” in 1651. He
believed in an all-powerful
government to maintain law and
order.
C. This English political philosopher
advocated natural rights; the right to
life, liberty, and property. He wrote
“Two Treatises of Government” in
1690.
D. This French philosopher disapproved
of absolute monarchy. He believed
that all governments should provide
for the separation of powers among
the executive, legislative, and judicial
parts.
E. This French philosopher wrote
against religious intolerance. He
criticized governments that
persecuted people because of their
faith.
F. This French philosopher wrote “The
Social Contract” in 1762. He
believed that people gave up some
freedom in order to serve the
common interests of all people.
G. This Russian tsarina adopted several
Enlightenment ideals but refused to
part with her absolute power.
The writers and philosophers of the
Enlightenment believed the government
decisions should be based on
1- fundamental religious beliefs
2- the concept of divine right of kings
3- laws of nature and reason
4- traditional values
The French Revolution and Limiting the Power of Kings
A. It was a major cause of the French
Bastille
Revolution. The First and Second
Estates lived in luxury and paid
virtually no taxes.
B. This social class in France paid the
Declaration of the Rights of Man and the
majority of taxes and performed the
Citizen
majority of work. They had almost
no voice in government.
C. This lawmaking body of France
Maximilien Robespierre
rarely met even though it
represented all three estates in
France.
D. The Third Estate withdrew from the
Estates General and formed the
Inequality
National Assembly when its request
that each representative be given one
vote rather than one vote for each
estate. However, on July 14, 1789, an
angry mob captured stormed this
prison and started the revolution
E. This document was adopted on
Monarchy
August 1789. It declared that “all
men are born free and equal in
rights.”
F. He was the architect of the Reign of
Terror. He was the leader of the
Third Estate
powerful extremist group known as
the Jacobins. He ordered the
execution of thousands.
G. While the British experienced a civil
war and a Glorious Revolution
Estates General
before the French, they, nonetheless,
limited the power of this British
institution.
One important result of the French
Revolution was that
1- France enjoyed a lengthy period of
peace and prosperity
2- the church was restored to its former
role and power in the French
government
3- political power shifted to the
bourgeoisie
4- France lost its spirit of nationalism
A study of revolutions would most likely lead to
the conclusion that pre-Revolutionary
governments
1- are more concerned about human rights
than the governments that replace them
2- refuse to modernize their armed forces
with advanced technology
3- attempt to bring about the separation of
government from religion
4- fail to meet the political and economic
needs of their people
Independence Movements in Latin America
Peninsulares
Creoles
Famine
Mercantilism
Simon Bolivar
Toussaint L’Ouverture
Monopoly
Simon Bolivar and Miguel Hidalgo, leaders
of Latin American independence
movements, were inspired by successful
revolutions in
1- the Untied States and France
2- the Soviet Union and China
3- Cuba and Costa Rica
4- Egypt and Kenya
A. It is the idea that colonies must
benefit the mother country. Colonies
export raw materials and import
finished goods.
B. Colonies could only trade with the
mother country. The mother
country completely dominated trade.
The mother country had a trade
_________.
C. He was an independence leader of
many lands in Latin America. He
liberated Venezuela and Colombia.
D. He was an independence leader of
Haiti. He led a slave revolt but was
imprisoned by Napoleon’s soldiers.
E. The potato was introduced to Ireland
during the Colombian Exchange. It
increased population but when it
failed to grow it led to a terrible
__________.
F. This social class led independence
movements in Latin America.
Individuals had wealth and land but
lacked political power.
G. This social class held the most
important political and military jobs.
They were leaders of colonial Latin
America.
Which of these situations was the direct
result of the other three?
1- nations of Latin America won
independence
2- revolutions occurred in North
America and France
3- the Napoleonic wars weakened
Spain’s power
4- creoles and mestizos became
discontented with Spanish rule
State a cause of independence movements in Latin America.
______________________________________________________________________________
State an effect of independence movements in Latin America.
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Industrialization, Imperialism, and Reactions to Imperialism
A. This turning point in world history
led to the introduction of machines
Meiji Restoration
and factories. Goods were
manufactured in factories and
urbanization resulted.
B. This individual criticized the
treatment of workers during the
Spheres of Influence
early years of the Industrial
Revolution. He advocated revolution
and the end of private property.
C. This individual explained the role of
supply and demand in a free market.
Sepoy Mutiny
He advocated Laissez-faire or that
the government should not interfere
in the market.
D. These movements led to the
Industrial Revolution
abolishment of child labor, a
minimum wage, and safer working
conditions.
E. It occurs when a strong country
Karl Marx
conquers and colonizes a weaker
region. Colonies provide raw
materials and import finished goods.
F. This poem was written by Rudyard
Adam Smith
Kipling. It maintained that
Europeans had a responsibility to
improve the lives of colonial peoples.
G. The Chinese government tried to
stop the British sale of opium in
Reform
China. However, the British were
militarily superior and ultimately
defeated China. China’s port areas
were divided into these.
H. Commodore Perry and the
Americans ended Japanese
White Man’s Burden
isolationism. Afterwards, the
Japanese abolished feudalism and
modernized and industrialized Japan
during this period of Japanese
history.
I. Like the Boxer Rebellion in China,
this period of Indian history was
Imperialism
marked by an attempt of colonial
subjects to end foreign domination of
their lands.
Causes of World War I
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Effects of World War I
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Introduction:
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Conclusion:
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Why was the Balkan region referred to as the “Powder Keg of Europe” prior to World
War I?
1.
2.
3.
4.
The aggression of the Ottoman Empire was disrupting the balance of power.
Yugoslavia was invading its neighboring countries.
Nationalistic and imperialistic rivalries were increasing.
The area was the leading supplier of military equipment to the rest of the world.