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Name ___________________________________ Period _____________ Ch. 26-27 Guided Notes, AP Biology STATION 1: Start with the origin of the earth and identify the time frame and conditions for each of the following steps leading to current life forms on earth. Event Origins of the earth Time Frame Origin of prokaryotes Development of an oxidizing atmosphere Origin of eukaryotic cells Origin of multicellular life STATION 2: Scientific Hypotheses for the origin of life: a. The first cells may have originated by chemical evolution on a young Earth b. Abiotic synthesis of organic monomers is a testable hypothesis c. Laboratory simulations of early-Earth conditions have produced organic polymers d. RNA may have been the first genetic material e. Protobionts can form by self-assembly f. Natural selection could refine protobionts containing hereditary information What metabolic processes would you expect to see in protobionts? Why is RNA thought to be the first genetic material? What did Louis Pasteur demonstrate with his experiment? What did Oparin, Haldane, Miller and Urey accomplish? Conditions on Earth Name ___________________________________ Period _____________ Ch. 26-27 Guided Notes, AP Biology STATION 3: What are two problems with the five kingdom system of classification? Why is taxonomy considered a work in progress? What types of changes do you expect might be made as scientists learn more about the genetic similarities and differences between organisms? STATION 4: Make a Double-Bubble Map to compare and contrast Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes: Classify the three domains and give an example of each: All Living Things Domain Bacteria Domain Archaea Domain Eukarya __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ ex:________________________ ex:________________________ ex:________________________ Name ___________________________________ Period _____________ Ch. 26-27 Guided Notes, AP Biology Which Domain of prokaryotes is closer to eukaryotes? Why? STATION 5: Briefly describe these structures found in prokaryotic cells: Structure Internal membranes Description Nucleoid Plasmids Ribosomes Cell wall Pili Flagella Endospores STATION 6: Summarize the major nutritional modes of prokaryotes: Metabolic Groups of Prokaryotes Photoautotrophs Chemoautotrophs Heterotrophs __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ ex:________________________ ex:________________________ ex:________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ Name ___________________________________ Period _____________ Ch. 26-27 Guided Notes, AP Biology Summarize the nutritional diversity of prokaryotes: Material used for nutrition Dead organic matter Type of organism Description Living organic matter Nitrogen Oxygen What organism was instrumental in the build-up of oxygen in earth’s atmosphere? STATION 7: What is an “extremophile”? Extremophile Methanogens Description Extreme halophiles Extreme thermophiles Review! 1. Explain two processes that create genetic variation in prokaryotes. 2. Considering what you learned in our unit on evolution, why is the prevalent use of anti-bacterial soap a health concern? 3. Identify and explain three beneficial roles that bacteria play in organisms or the environment. 4. Give an example of a symbiotic relationship between a prokaryote and a eukaryote.
