Download Midterm Study Guide

Anatomy/Physiology Midterm Study Guide
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Name a group of cells that have a common function known :_________________________________
What does lateral mean? ___________________ Medial? _______________________
Which region is the shoulder blade found on? _________________________________________________
A horizontal plane is known as? ____________________ A vertical plane? __________________________
Which system stores calcium? ______________________
Which system regulates water, electrolytes and balance of the blood? _____________________
What are the striations found on muscle tissue due to? _________________________________
The study of how the body works is known as __________________________.
The study of the structure and shape of the body is known as _________________________.
The structural and functional unit of life is the ______________________.
A bundle of muscle fibers is known as a _________________________.
Which direction is dorsal? _______________ Anterior? ___________________________
Where is the deltoid region? ________________________
Where is the patellar region? ______________________ Thoracic region? ___________________ Sternal
region? _________
15. What abdominopelvic region is the naval found in? ______________________
16. What two systems are the ovaries located? ___________________________________________________
17. What body system maintains boundaries? ________________ controls
responsiveness?__________________
Responsible for body movement? ________________________
18. What is meant by superior? ______________________________ Inferior? __________________________
19. What is meant by proximal? _____________________________ Distal? ___________________________
20. List the levels of organization from simplest to most
complex:___________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
21. In directional terms, what is the relationship of the lungs to the
heart?_____________________________________________
22. What organs are found in the dorsal cavity?
__________________________________________________________________
23. What organs are found in the thoracic cavity?
_________________________________________________________________
24. Which type of plane separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity?
___________________________________
25. Which ventral cavity has no bony protection? __________________________________
26. Which abdominopeovic region would the lower ribs be located?
__________________________________________________
27. If a person sprints 500 meters, is this aerobic or anaerobic respiration? _____________________
28. If a person walks for 30 minutes, is this aerobic or anaerobic respiration? __________________
29. What is a sarcomere? ____________________________________________________________
30. Where is the A band? ____________________ Z line? __________________________________
31. What connects actin and myosin during a muscle contraction? ____________________________
32. Which muscle fiber is thick? ________________ Thin? ___________________________
33. What is the role of calcium during a muscle contraction? _______________________ Potassium? _______
________________________________________
34. What is the only source of energy that powers muscle activity? ______________________________
35. What are the by products of aerobic respiration? __________________________________________
36. What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic? _____________________________________
37. How much ATP is produced from the breakdown of one glucose molecule? __________
38. What does build up of lactic acid in muscle tissue cause? ___________________________________
39. What is the “all or none” law that is applied to muscle movement? ________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
40. What is muscle atrophy? ___________________________________________________________________
41. During a muscle contraction, which band shortens and which band stays the same? ____________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
42. Name the four basic body tissues:____________________________________________________________
43. What is the function of epithelial tissue? _______________________________________________________
44. What does avascular mean? _________________________________________________________________
45. Which tissue is “fat”? ________________________
46. Which type of epithelial cells change shape when stretched? __________________________
47. What is the purpose of microvilli on a cell’s surface? _________________________________
48. What is the hard impact resistant part of bone called? _________________________________
49. Why does cartilage heal so slowly? _______________________________________________
50. List three types of cartilage:_________________________________________________________________
51. Which muscle tissues are multi-nucleated? ______________________________________
52. Which muscle tissues have intercalated disks? ___________________________________
53. Which muscle tissues have long tapered cells with one nucleus? _____________________
54. Why are stratified tissues more resistant to wear? ________________________________________________
55. Where would mucous membranes be located?
___________________________________________________
56. What does the pericardial membrane cover? _____________________
57. What does the pleura membrane cover? _______________________
58. What does the peritoneum cover? ___________________________
59. What does a serous membrane cover? _____________________
60. What is a dry membrane? ___________________
61. What substance makes skin cells waterproof and tough? ___________________________
62. What substance gives skin and hair color? _________________
63. Which sweat gland would be found in the armpit? ______________ On the forehead?____________
64. What gland secretes oil into the skin? __________________
65. List the functions of the skin:________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
66. What is the muscle that causes “goose bumps” on the skin known as? ________________________________
67. What is the center of the hair shaft called? ________________________
68. What is the outer part of the hair shaft called? ______________________
69. What type of epithelium tissue is the outermost part of the skin comprised of? _________________________
70. What type of tissue makes up the epidermis? ___________________________________________________
71. Which bones would comprise the axial skeleton? _______________________________________________
72. Which bones would comprise the appendicular skeleton? _________________________________________
73. What is the difference between a first degree, second degree and third degree burn? ____________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
74. What is the fingernail made up of? ____________________
75. Where is the subcutaneous layer on the skin and what is it composed of?
______________________________
76. Where are two locations on the body you would find a ball and socket joint?___________________________
77. What causes Athlete’s foot? _____________ Impetigo? ________________ cold
sores?___________________
78. If you are suspicious that a mole may be malignant melanoma, what are four things to consider?___________
________________________________________________________________________________________
79. Name the longest bone in the body:____________________________________
80. Name the two bones in the lower arm and describe their location:___________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
81. What are the bones in the palm of the hand called? ______________________________________________
82. What are the bones in the forefoot called (between the ankle and the toes)?__________________________
83. What is yellow marrow made up of? ___________________________________
84. What inorganic element is stored in bones? _____________________________
85. What articulates with the patella distally? __________________________ Proximally? ______________
86. What is the only movable bone in the skull? ____________________________________
87. Where would flat bones be found? ____________________________________________
88. Which marrow is found in adults in the center of the bone and produces red blood cells? ______________
89. Give the anatomically correct term for the shoulder blade:___________________ collar bone:___________
Knee cap__________________ tail bone________________ jaw_________________ heel_______________
Breast bone___________________ shin bone_______________________
90. What is the name given for a mature bone cell? _________________________
91. What is the name given for a bone building cell? ___________________________
92. What is the name given for a bone destroying cell? _________________________
93. What type of fracture does not pierce the skin? _____________________does pierce the skin?
____________
94. Which type of fracture is where the bone is twisted? ___________________
95. Which type of fracture is the most common in children? ___________________
96. List the four major bone classifications according to shape:___________________________________
97. What is an opening in a bone? _______________________
98. What is an opening in a bone when a tube runs through it? ___________________________
99. What type of joint is the elbow? _______________ The knee? _______________________
Shoulder?______________ Ulna to radius?___________ frontal to parietal?______________
100. What disease is characterized by excessive bone loss? _________________________
101. Which bone disease is there massive deformity in the joints…especially the hands?_______________
102. What type of joint is a suture? _________________
Diagrams: Pages:
11- Anterior and posterior
14 (fig. 1.6)
15 (fig. 1.8)
125 (fig. 6.6)
126 (fig 6.7)
Coloring sheets:
Epithelial tissues
Muscle tissues (slide drawings)