Download Settling the Northern Colonies 1619-1700 Chapter 3

Settling the Northern Colonies 1619-1700 Chapter 3
AP American History
Mr. O. Siflinger
John Calvin became the creed for English Separatists
 God is all-powerful and all good and Humans are weak & wicked.
Only God knows who is going to heaven and who is going to hell.
 Good Works could not save those for whom “Predestination had marked for the
eternal fires”
Puritans believed only “Visible Saints” went to heaven
 Puritan Separatists- vowed to break away from the Church of England
 Pilgrims departed for Holland in 1608 but felt they were becoming Dutch
 Board the Mayflower & land on Plymouth Rock in 1620
Mayflower Compact
a precedent for written Constitutions & a step towards Self Government
 William Bradford elected Governor of Plymouth and Pilgrim Extremists
 Pilgrims 1st Thanksgiving Fall 1621.
 SQUANTO an English speaking Indian directed colonists on corn planting ,
fishing and established treaties with other tribes
Moderate Puritans obtained a Royal Charter & settled at Massachusetts Bay
Colony 1630
 John Winthrop became Governor
 Mass. Bay Colony prospered as fur trading, ship building, & fishing blossomed into
industries
 Protestant Ethic- Hard Work, Save, Simple Pleasures, Worldly Pursuits
Common Convictions of the Non-Separatists Bay Colonies Puritans
 Only free adult males belonging to the Congregational Church “Visible Saints”
could vote
 Only Male Property Owners could participate in Discussions at Town Meetings
 Non-Believers as well paid taxes for the government supported Church
Ann Hutchinson banished 1638
Antinomianism
 Felt people could find inner truth & divine guidance w/o the Bible or Ministry
 A holy life was no sure sign of salvation
 Truly saved need NOT bother to obey the law of God or man because of
predestination
Roger Williams an Extreme Separatist
 Condemned the taking of land from Indians without compensation
 Denied authority of Civil Government to Regulate Religious Behavior
 Banished when Found Guilty of “Newe Dangerous Opinions”
 Fled to Rhode Island in 1636
Rhode Island
 Roger Williams built a Baptist Church in Providence & established complete Freedom
of Religion, even for Jews, Catholics, & Quakers
 Simple Manhood Suffrage
 No Taxes to support the Church
Connecticut founded by Thomas Hooker 1636
 Fundamental Orders of Connecticut signed 16391st written Constitution in the colonies (United (States)
 Citizenship based on land ownership & NOT on Church membership
Settlement of New Haven established 1638
 Prosperous community of Puritans that set up a close church/gov’t alliance
 New Haven Merged with the more democratic Connecticut Valley settlement in 1662
King Philip’s War 1675-6
 Metacom led his Wampanoag Indians forming an alliance with other tribes & attacked
Puritans villages
 Indians were defeated & most were sold off as slaves.
Seeds of Colonial Unity & Independence
 1643- 4 New England colonies form a Confederation
to defend against the Indians, French, & Dutch
 King Charles “restoration” to throne 1660 Takes away Bay Colony charter 1684
 1686 forms Dominion of New England with Sir Edmund Andros at head
Dominion of New England
 Designed to enforce the Navigation Laws that did not allow trade between
America & countries not ruled by England
 Andros ended town meetings, restricted the courts, press, schools, revoked
land titles, & taxed w/o the consent of the governed
The Glorious Revolution 1688-9 (Bloodless Revolution) sparked similar
revolutions in the colonies
 Ends the Dominion of New England
 Sir Edmund Andros forced to flee
 1691 Massachusetts made a Royal Colony & voting privileges now open to all
property owners
Rev. John Wheelwright settled New Hampshire
 Received charter in 1679 setting up a
Non-Church Related Government
New York
 1624 Dutch found New Netherlands
 England & the Dutch fought 3 wars between1648-1673
 1664 Charles II gave his brother the duke of York Dutch holdings in America
if he could take control of the lands
 Peter Stuyvesant surrendered & New Netherlands was renamed New York
New Jersey
 Duke of York gave New Jersey to Lord John Berkeley and Sir John Carteret
 They in turn sold New Jersey to Quaker merchants. East Jersey became a Puritan
settlement & West Jersey maintained a Quaker population
 1702 the sections were joined
Pennsylvania & Delaware
 1681 William Penn granted a huge tract of land from Charles II founding
Pennsylvania for Quakers
 1682 Penn obtained a grant for lands that would become the colony of Delaware in
1704
Classwork Questions
 State the main religious differences between Pilgrims and Puritans
 State the importance of the Mayflower Compact
 Evaluate, by today’s standards, if the Mayflower Compact would be considered
Democratic
 State why education was important to the Puritan community
Homework
Read P. 64-80
Short Essays:(80)
1-What were the major features of the Restoration colonies of the Carolinas and
Pennsylvania?
2-What led to the creation and eventual collapse of the Dominion on New England