Download Cell Structures And Function Of Organelles CHAPTER 2: CELL

Cell Structures And Function Of Organelles
CHAPTER 2: CELL STRUCTURES AND FUNCTION OF
ORGANELLES
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
1. What is the function of the nucleolus?
A. Formation of mRNA
B. Formation of ribosomes
C. Formation of spindle fibres
D. Formation of the secretory vesicles
2. An organelle associated with carbohydrate synthesis is the:
A. Centriole
B. Ribosome
C. Nucleolus
D. Golgi apparatus
3. The main function of Golgi apparatus is to
A. synthesize polypeptide.
B. synthesize and transport lipids.
C. remove toxin substance or detoxification.
D. modify substances that will be excreted outside of the cells.
4. Figure 1 below shows the sequence of two functions of lysosome in a cell:
Figure 1
What structure do I, II, III and IV represent ?
I
A. Autophagic
vacuole
II
III
Primary Phagocytic
lysosome vacuole
IV
Secondary
lysosome
B. Phagocytic
vacuole
Primary
lysosome
Autophagic
vacuole
C. Primary
lysosome
Secondary Phagocytic
lysosome
vacuole
Autophagic
vacuole
D. Secondary
lysosome
Primary
lysosome
Phagocytic
vacuole
Secondary
lysosome
Autophagic
vacuole
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Cell Structures And Function Of Organelles
5. Ribosomes are the sites for
A. photosynthesis.
B. lipid synthesis.
C. protein synthesis.
D. aerobic respiration.
6. Which the following pair about a cell and its structure is not true
A. Cheek cells -centriole
B. Neuron –neurontransmitter vesicle
C. Plant epidermal cell – chloroplast
D. Parenchyma cell – vacuole
7. Which of the following correctly matches an organelle with its function?
A. central vacuole . . . storage
B. nucleus . . . cellular respiration
C. mitochondrion . . . photosynthesis
D. ribosome . . . manufacture of lipids
8. What is the function of a plant cell vacuole?
A. Storage of wastes
B. Support of the cell
C. Excretion of wastes
D. Both A and B are correct.
9. Which organelle does one expect to be most abundant in human skeletal muscle
cells?
A. Lysosomes
B. Mitochondria.
C. Golgi apparatus.
D. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
10. Mitochondria and chloroplast share several common features, for example;
A. both are capable of semiautonomous growth and reproduction.
B. neither are components of the endomembrane system
C. each contains a small amount of DNA.
D. all of the above.
11. Centriole play important roles in
A. division of plant cell only.
B. motility of reproductive cells.
C. development of Golgi apparatus.
D. development of cilia and flagella.
12. When a plant cell is placed in a concentrated sugar solution, it undergoes
A. turgor
C. hemolysis
B. crenation
D. plasmolysis
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Cell Structures And Function Of Organelles
13. Four groups of onion cells have been placed in four solutions with different water
potential. Which group of cells has a water potential more negative than the
surrounding solution at the beginning of the experiment?
A.
.
C.
B.
.
D.
.
14. Four group of onion cells, each with water potential ( ψ ) of -400kPa, are placed
in four solutions W, X, Y, and Z with different water potential. In which solution
is there a net movement of water into the cells by osmosis?
A
B
C
D
Water potential ψ (kPa)
-200
-400
-600
-800
Solution
W
X
Y
Z
15. Figure 2 shows the sequence of movement of a molecule across the membrane.
Outside
Inside
Inside
Outside
Figure 2
The movement of the molecule in the diagram is called
A. phagocytosis
B. pinocytosis
C. diffusion
D. facilitated diffusion
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Cell Structures And Function Of Organelles
16. Which of the following involves facilitated diffusion?
i. Transportation of glucose into the cell.
ii. Movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide across the alveolus membrane.
iii. Diffusion of ATP from the mitochondrion.
iv. Movement of sodium ions across the axon membrane during action potential
A. i, ii and iii
B. i ,ii and iv
C. i, iii and iv
D. ii, iii and iv
17. The mechanism where protein molecules and polysaccharides enter the cell
membrane.
A. Diffusion
C. Active transport
B. Facilitated diffusion
D. Endocytosis
18.
Which of the following are examples of phagocytosis?
i. Amoeba capturing its prey by extending pseudopodia around it.
ii. Fluid and dissolved solutes flow into vesicles in the cell.
iii. Neutrophil engulfing bacteria.
iv. A vesicle is formed that carries the cholesterol molecule into the cell.
A.i only
B.i and iii
C. ii only
D. ii and iv
STRUCTURED QUESTIONS
1. Figure 3 below shows the structure of animal cell as seen using an electron
microscope.
J
A
C
B
E
F
D
Figure 3
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Cell Structures And Function Of Organelles
a). Name the parts labelled A, B,C ,D,E and F.
A: ______________________________________________
B: ______________________________________________
C: ______________________________________________
D: ______________________________________________
E: ______________________________________________
F: ______________________________________________
[6 marks]
b) Give ONE of the function the labeled structures
B : ____________________________________________________________
D : ____________________________________________________________
E : ____________________________________________________________
J : ____________________________________________________________
[4 marks]
2. Figure 4 below show three types of organelles.
Organell X
Organelle Y
Figure 4
Organelle Z
a) State where these cells may have been taken from
__________
[1 mark]
b) From the diagrams above, name the structures labelled P, Q and R
P: _________________________
Q: _________________________
R: _________________________
[3 marks]
c) Give one function of organelle Y
_______________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
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Cell Structures And Function Of Organelles
d) Give one common function of organelle X and Z
_______________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
e) Most organelles in eukaryotes are surrounded by membrane. From Figure 4,
which organelle(s) is (are) surraounded by:
i.
ii.
Single membrane: ________________
Double membrane: _______________
[2 marks]
3. Figure 5 shows a model of plasma membrane structure introduced by S.Singer and
G. Nicholson.
B
C
D
X
A
Y
Figure 5
a) Give the name of the model in the Figure 5..
_______________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
b) Suggest why this model is known as in 3 (a).
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
[2 marks]
c) Name the structures labelled A to D.
A: ______________________
B: ______________________
C: _____________________
D: _____________________
[4 marks]
d) On which side of the membrane X or Y, is the cytoplasm of the cell?
______________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
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Cell Structures And Function Of Organelles
e) Give TWO functions of protein molecules in the cell membrane.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
[2 marks]
4. Figure 6 shows certain activity takes places in an animal cell.
A
D
C
B
H
G
F
E
Figure 6
a) Name the process A ,B, C and D and the structure E, F,G and H
A: __________________________________________
B: __________________________________________
C: __________________________________________
D: __________________________________________
E: __________________________________________
F: __________________________________________
G: __________________________________________
H: __________________________________________
[4 marks]
b) Name the suitable title for the above diagram.
_______________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
c) Name the organelle that produces G
_______________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
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Cell Structures And Function Of Organelles
d) State another function of organelle G, beside the above process
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
[2 marks]
e) State TWO main function of organelle E
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
[2 marks]
5. Figure 7 shows a plant cell immersed in a sucrose solution. The pressure potential
(ψ p ) and the solute potential (ψ s ) of the cell and of the sucrose solution are
shown in Figure 7.
p = 340 kPa
s (cell) = -750 kPa
Plant
cell
s sucrose solution = -1400kPa
Figure 7
a) Define osmosis in terms of water potential.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
[2 marks]
b) i.
Calculate the water potential of this cell. Show your calculation.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
[3 marks]
ii. State whether water will move in or out of the cell.
____________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
c) What happen to the volume of the cell? Explain.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
[2 marks]
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Cell Structures And Function Of Organelles
d) State TWO differences between passive transport and active transport.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
[2 marks]
ESSAY QUESTIONS
1. a) Briefly describe the structure and functions of the component of the cell below:
i. Plant vacuole,
ii. Nucleolus
iii. Ribosome.
[10 marks]
b) Explain briefly the various transport mechanism of molecules across
membranes
[10 marks]
2. a) Explain briefly on lysosome and its roles.
[8 marks]
b) With reference to a labeled diagram, describe the structure of cell membrane
using Fluid Mosaic Model.
[12 marks]
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