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Name: ___________________________ Notes – #54 White Dwarf Supernovae - Stealing to Explode 1. For a few days or weeks, supernovae can be a luminous as a few ________________ or even ____________________ of normal stars. 2. True or False? Our Sun will become a supernova at the end of its life. 3. What are some of the elements that synthesized in a supernova explosion? 4. List some differences observed between Type 1a and Type II supernovae. Type 1a Type II Hydrogen or No Hydrogen Seen in Spectra Initial Light Peak or Initial Steady Output Found in Elliptical or Spiral Galaxies 5. Alex Filippenko and his team has found over __________ supernovae. 6. A white dwarf is associated with the Type 1a supernovae. A white dwarf has a center composed of _________________ and _________________ surrounded by a thin _________________ layer. Hence, no hydrogen. 7. The white dwarf can steal material from a _________________________________. 8. The white dwarf accumulates mass until it reaches the Chandrasekhar limit of ____________ solar masses and becomes unstable. It is thought that a thermonuclear runaway set of chain reactions occur completely obliterating the star. 9. Radioactive nickel is created that then decays into _______________ and then into ________________. In the process _________________________ (very high energy light) is produced. 10. How much nickel is formed during a Type 1a supernova explosion? 11. What would we see if the radioactive nickel and cobalt were not produced? 12. Will the white dwarf Sirius B likely become a Type 1a supernova? 13. We would see some dramatically dangerous effects here on Earth if a Type 1a occurred within ____________ light years. 14. True or False? Astronomers are unsure of how the white dwarf reaches the unstable mass limit that causes it to explode.