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STUDY GUIDE FOR CHAPTER 7 LIFE SCIENCE
“CLASSIFYING LIVING THINGS”
Vocabulary:
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classify: to group ideas, info, objects, or organisms based on similarities
taxonomy: science of classifying and naming organisms
kingdom: largest of taxonomic categories
binomial nomenclature: two-word naming system developed by Linnaeus (Latin namesfirst is genus and is capitalized, second is species and is not capitalized)
5) genus: group of different organisms that have similar characteristics
6) species: smallest, most precise classification category
7) prokaryotes: “before kernel”; don’t have organized nucleus or organelles
8) eukaryotes: organisms with a nucleus ad organelles surrounded by membranes
9) species diversity: great variety of plants, animals, and other organisms
10) dichotomous key: tool for classifying and finding the scientific name of organisms by
using a detailed list of traits
Know:
-the six-kingdoms of living things
-“Kings Play Cards Over Family Games Sometimes” …
Kingdom, Phylum (Division in Plant Kingdom), Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
-that Kingdoms are divided into Phylums or Divisions, Phylums are divided into Classes, etc.
-that a genus can have one or more species
-the problem with Aristotle’s model for classifying organisms
-that Linnaeus developed the two-word naming system… binomial nomenclature
-that when classifying organisms scientists look at embryology, homologous structures, DNA,
and fossils
-that an ecosystem that has a high species diversity is more stable than one with fewer species;
an ecosystem with out diversity may collapse
-pros/cons of maintaining species diversity
-that fungi obtain their food from other organisms or sources while plants make their own
food
-how to use a ‘dichotomous key’
-that organisms are grouped based on whether they have a nucleus, single/multi-celled,
whether they make their own food, and whether they move
-that the Carolina parakeet and passenger pigeon have become extinct because of human
activities
-information on the “LIFE’S SIX KINGDOMS” chart
-about the Northern Spotted Owl
-at least 5 places where classification are important