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Stellar Astronomy – Unit 4 Cosmology
Key Terms and Matching Definitions
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13.8 billion years ago
380,000 years after Big Bang
accelerating expansion
Big Bang
CMBR
cold, dark and empty
cosmological redshift
dark energy
dark matter
ESA’s Planck
inflation
nucleosynthesis
ordinary matter
Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson
redshift
Type 1a supernovae
WMAP
Edwin Hubble
1. Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe satellite used to
map the variations in the cosmic microwave background
radiation.
2. Unseen matter that likely accounts for the rotation of
our galaxy and others as though they are solid disks with
the inner stars rotating at the same rate as the outer
stars.
3. The theory that says our universe started extremely
small, dense and hot and has been expanding ever since.
4. Age of the universe
5. When spectral lines move to longer wavelengths as a
result of a galaxy moving away from us. Used to
determining the speed of a receding galaxy.
6. What the study of Type 1a supernovae revealed about
the expansion of the universe.
7. The redshift due to the expansion of space in our
expanding universe.
8. The newest satellite that is mapping the cosmic microwave background radiation in greater detail than
ever before.
9. The astronomer who first determined that most galaxies are moving away from us, indicating an expanding
universe.
10. The time when our universe cooled enough that neutral atoms formed and space became transparent to
electromagnetic radiation.
11. The astronomical objects used to determine that the expansion of the universe is accelerating.
12. Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation. The electromagnetic radiation from the period when our
universe cooled enough so that electrons could bind to hydrogen and helium nuclei for the first time to form
neutral atoms.
13. A brief period of time in the early universe when space expanded at an exceedingly rapid rate and is the
reason given as to why the universe looks so uniform in every direction.
14. Current theories say that this will be the ultimate fate of our universe many billions of years in the
future.
15. The name given to the “anti-gravity force” causing the accelerating of the expansion of space.
16. The brief period in the first few minutes of the universe where helium formed, but essentially no other
elements, such that the early universe was comprised of primarily hydrogen and helium.
17. The two engineers from Bell Telephone Laboratories that discovered the cosmic microwave background.
18. Matter that is made from protons and neutrons.