Download Biology Benchmark Exam Study Guide

Biology Benchmark Exam Study Guide
Unit 3: Cells
1. What is the difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? Give one example of a prokaryote
and one example of a eukaryote.
2. What is the function of the cell membrane (also known as plasma membrane)?
3.
What makes up the cell membrane?
4. What is the function of the golgi apparatus?
5. What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum (smooth & rough)?
6. What is difference between passive and active transport?
7. What is osmosis?
8. What is diffusion?
9. What are viruses made of? Are they always the same size & shape? (SEE PG.478 & 479 IN
TEXTBOOK)
Unit 4: Biochemistry
10. What are the four classes of organic molecules (also known as macromolecules)? What are
their subunits (monomers)? What are their functions in living things?
11. What are monosaccharides? Disaccharides? Polysaccharides?
12. What are enzymes?
13. Why are enzymes also called “catalysts”? Are all catalysts enzymes?
14. What factors affect enzyme activity?
15. Compare enzymes & substrate to a lock & key.
Unit 5: Cell Energy (Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration)
16. What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis?
17. What is the chemical equation for cellular respiration?
18. How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration related?
19. What is the purpose of photosynthesis?
20. What is the purpose of cellular respiration?
21. Do photosynthesis & cellular respiration take place in animal cell only, plant cell only, or both?
22. In which cell organelles does photosynthesis & cellular respiration take place?
23. What is the molecule that absorbs sunlight to carry out photosynthesis in plants?
24. What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
25. What is another name for anaerobic respiration & what are the 2 types?