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Honors Biology Midterm Practice Questions 2013-14 1. (a) (b) (c) (d) An organelle found only in a plant cell would be a nucleus chloroplast golgi apparatus lysosome 2. (a) (b) (c) (d) The series of membranes responsible for transport of materials in and out of the cell endoplasmic reticulum centrioles golgi bodies mitochondria 3. (a) (b) (c) (d) The process by which a substance spreads from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration is known as exocytosis osmosis active transport diffusion 4. (a) (b) (c) (d) If the nucleus was removed from a cell which of the following would occur? nothing, the cell still functions diffusion would not take place the cell could not function cell respiration would not take place 5. Which of the following organelles would you expect to be MORE numerous in a muscle cell than in a bone cell? smooth ER mitochondria chlorplast lysosome (a) (b) (c) (d) Questions 6 and 7 refer to the following information A protein was placed into 7 test tubes each containing water. The tubes were then treated as shown in the table below and left overnight. The amount of peptides (protein fragments) was then estimated. Tube Treatment Peptides produced Visible effects 1 added pepsinogen no no change 2 pepsinogen + acid large amounts clear 3 nothing no no change 4 acid trace no change 5 pepsinogen(boiled) + acid no no change 6 pepsinogen + base no no change 7 base no no change 1 6. (a) (c) Which tube is the control tube for the experiment? 1 (b) 2 3 (d) 4 7. (a) (c) Which tubes show that the pH of the medium is important to the activity of pepsinogen? 2 and 6 (b) 4 and 7 2 and 3 (d) 5 and 7 8. In humans most enzymes that work in the stomach cease to work when they pass into the small intestine. The most probable explanation for this is the different foods being digested require a variety of enzymes some enzymes will only work in a narrow pH range the enzymes are affected by a change in temperature some of the products of digestion have already been absorbed. (a) (b) (c) (d) #9-10. In the system illustrated here a bag made from dialysis tubing filled with molasses (polysaccharide) is immersed into a beaker of water. The tubing is permeable to monosaccharides but not polysaccharides 9. (a) (b) (c) (d) In the above experiment after 24 hours the dialysis tubing will probably have expanded lost mass deflated not changed 10. (a) (b) (c) (d) The final result after the experiment shown above is caused by facilitated diffusion osmosis diffusion active transport 11. (1) (2) (3) (4) Which of the following occur as a result of osmosis? A piece of egg white shrinks when placed in a beaker of salt water A red blood cell placed in salt solution shrinks Dry seeds swell when placed in water The level of water in a cavity made in a peeled carrot falls when the carrot is placed in a pool of syrup. 1 and 2 only (c) 3 and 4 only 2 and 3 only (d) all of the above (a) (b) 2 12. (a) (b) A student made a wet mount of a letter that she observed under the microscope on low power as “d”. What letter did she make the slide of? “b” (c) “d” “p” (d) “q” 13. (a) (b) (c) (d) The process by which an enzymes active site is destroyed is known as hydrolysis denaturation dissolving thermal decay. 14. (a) (b) (c) (d) Rough endoplasmic reticulum differs to smooth endoplasmic reticulum in that it contains fat droplets mitochondria ribosomes golgi bodies 15. (a) (b) (c) (d) In the diagram above what is the name given to the substance labelled X? enzyme substrate complex product The diagram below is a simplified version of a typical animal cell. 16. (a) (b) (c) (d) The structure labelled Y is a nucleus mitochondrion ribosome lysosome 3 17. (a) (b) (c) (d) If you were to study the composition of a cell you would not expect to find ribosomes in the cytoplasm lipids in the cell membrane vesicles leaving the Golgi apparatus DNA in the the cell membrane 18. (a) (b) (c) (d) Which of the following is true for all enzymes? enzymes are not affected by temperature changes enzymes are proteins enzymes are not affected by pH changes enzymes catalyze reactions by raising activation energy 19. Cellulose, starch and glycogen are all grouped together in which group of organic molecules mentioned below? steroid protein polysaccharide monosaccharide (a) (b) (c) (d) 20. (a) (b) (c) (d) Which of the following pairs of terms describe only transport mechanisms that lack energy input? active transport and osmosis diffusion and active transport active transport and facilitated diffusion diffusion and osmosis. 21. (a) (b) (c) (d) Which of the following combinations contains structures found exclusively in plant cells? cell wall and cell membrane cell wall and chloroplast cell wall and vacuole cell wall and mitochondria. The following graph shows the results of an experiment involving the breakdown of starch by an enzyme 22. (a) (b) (c) (d) What is the least optimal temperature for this enzyme? 30C 40C 50C 60C 4 23. Which of the following functional groups are NOT present in the above molecule? (a) Ketone, aldehyde (b) Hydroxyl , carboxyl (c) Carboxyl, amino (d) Aldheyde, amino 24. Enzymes taking part in reactions within a cell (a) are replaced at the conclusion of each reaction (b) increase the rate of the reaction (c) are more active when less substrate is present (d) raises the activation energy For #25-26 use the following figures to answer the questions regarding organic molecules. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 5 25. Which of the above molecules is a monomer of a triglyceride? I – Figure 1 II – Figure 2 III – Figure 3 & 4 (a) A. I only (b) B. II (c) C. II & III (d) D. None of the above 26. If each of the above molecules were to go through the process of hydrolysis, which one of these results would occur? (a) Figure 1 – A peptide bond is broken and a water molecule is used up (b) Figure 2 – A glycerol bond is formed and a water molecule is produced (c) Figure 3 - A disaccharide bond is broken and a water molecule is produced (d) Figure 4 - A polysaccharide bond is made and a water molecule is used up 27. All of the following functions of organic molecules are correct except (a) Proteins compose the majority of the cell membrane and direct passive diffusion (b) Polysaccharides serve to store energy for later use in the body (c) Triglycerides serve to store energy for later use in the body (d) Enzymes drive the breaking down and building of macromolecules for energy use 28. A tiny flatworm lives buried in sand in the tidal zone. Inside it lives a microscopic green algae, which is able to photosynthesise during the daylight hours. The worm lives off the starches produced by the algae. What type of relationship is demonstrated by this example? (a) mutualism (b) parasitism (c) predator-prey (d) commensalism 29. Since the early 1980’s scientist have been predicting that the ozone layer will begin to thin out and a large ‘hole’ has already been observed over the Arctic region. Which of the following describes the most likely result,if the ozone layer continues to thin out? (a) (b) (c) (d) There will be an explosion of phytoplankton numbers as the amount of light increases there will be an increase in the amount of ultra violet rays that hit Earth sea levels will begin to rise as the ice caps found in the polar regions melt the levels of carbon dioxide will increase leading to increased global temperatures 30. Which of the following would NOT be a true statement with regard to the nitrogen cycle? (a) nitrogen is incorporated by heterotrophs to build proteins (b) nitrogen freeing bacteria are found in root nodules of legumes in soil (c) plant and animal wastes are decayed to detritus by decomposing bacteria (d) nitrogen gas may only be released but will not absorbed 6 The graph below shows the world population changes in humans - #31. 31. The human population graph is best described as? (a) exponential and limited (b) carrying capacity and unlimited (c) exponential and unlimited (d) carrying capacity and limited The questions 32-33 refer to the following food web. Bears Fox Squirrels Birds Mice Rabbits Nuts/Fruit Insects Leaves/twigs 32. The main source of energy in this food web is from? (a) Leaves/twigs to rabbits (b) Rabbits to Leaves/twigs (c) Squirrels to bears (d) Insects to Mice 33. If the rabbits were killed by a virus what effect would this have on the mouse population? (a) no effect (b) the mouse population would increase (c) the mouse population would decrease (d) the population would initially decrease then return to normal Analogies- Pick the choice that best fits the analogy relationship 34. -OSE is to -SACCHAR as HERBA- is to ____________ A. -PHYTOB. DEC. OMNID. SYN35. HYPER- is to HYPO- as PHOBIC- is to _________ A. BIOB. EUC. -LYSIS D. -PHILIC 7 Write the word parts to form the word based on the given meaning 36. true nucleus 37. all devouring 38. two sugars Answers for Honors Midterm Practice 2013-14 1.b 6.c 10.b 16.b 21.b 2.c 7.a 11.d 17.d 22. d 3.d 8.b 12.b 18.b 23.a 4.c 9.a 13.b 19.c 24.b 5.b 14.c 20.d 25.b 15.b 26.a 27.a 28.a 29.b 30.d 31.c 32.a 33.b 34.a 35.d 36. eukaryote 37. omnivore 38. disaccharide or diose 8