Evolutionism : present approaches
... Initially “evolutionism” is a biological doctrine that started before Charles Robert Darwin (1809-1882), an author whose anniversaries —two centuries since his birthday and 150 years since his key book— should be kept in mind. According to Jean Gayon, “clustered around ‘evolution’ were, among others ...
... Initially “evolutionism” is a biological doctrine that started before Charles Robert Darwin (1809-1882), an author whose anniversaries —two centuries since his birthday and 150 years since his key book— should be kept in mind. According to Jean Gayon, “clustered around ‘evolution’ were, among others ...
Punctuated equilibrium in fact and theory
... (Lewin, 1980, 1986; Rensberger, 1980, 1981, 1984; Bakker, 1985; Lessem, 1987); the great majority were adequate; but some prominent comments were egregiously bad and harmful. The reason for all this attention centres upon an unfortunate accident of history, over which neither we nor the profession h ...
... (Lewin, 1980, 1986; Rensberger, 1980, 1981, 1984; Bakker, 1985; Lessem, 1987); the great majority were adequate; but some prominent comments were egregiously bad and harmful. The reason for all this attention centres upon an unfortunate accident of history, over which neither we nor the profession h ...
Reprint
... Doebeli and Dieckmann 2000). In the context of life-history evolution, this would mean that natural selection favors an evolutionary diversification of life histories, possibly ultimately resulting in the coexistence of two (or more) character-displaced life-history strategies. Such phenomena are ex ...
... Doebeli and Dieckmann 2000). In the context of life-history evolution, this would mean that natural selection favors an evolutionary diversification of life histories, possibly ultimately resulting in the coexistence of two (or more) character-displaced life-history strategies. Such phenomena are ex ...
The experimental evolution of specialists, generalists, and the
... described by the variance in ®tness along the environmental axis (e.g. Lynch & Gabriel, 1987). In the absence of genetic constraints, the position of the niche should evolve to match the average state of the environment and the breadth of adaptation should evolve to match the amount of environmental ...
... described by the variance in ®tness along the environmental axis (e.g. Lynch & Gabriel, 1987). In the absence of genetic constraints, the position of the niche should evolve to match the average state of the environment and the breadth of adaptation should evolve to match the amount of environmental ...
... Lumsden and Wilson, 1982; Plotkin and Odling-Smee, 1981; Wilson, 1998; see Richards, 1987, for an historical review). So also have neuropsychologists (Vygotsky and Luria, 1994). As Popper (1968, 1972) argued, such efforts at theory-development in science constitute a Darwinian process in their own r ...
Lecture V: Natural Selection & Adaptations
... A. Based on Darwin’s observations in the Galapagos: 1. Darwin’s described evolution as descent with modification. -structural or functional changes occur from one group of descendants to the next, and so on. ...
... A. Based on Darwin’s observations in the Galapagos: 1. Darwin’s described evolution as descent with modification. -structural or functional changes occur from one group of descendants to the next, and so on. ...
Evolutionary Mismatch And What To Do About It: A Basic Tutorial
... The concept of mismatch is so central to evolutionary theory that a basic tutorial might seem unnecessary. On the contrary, a “back to basics” treatment is warranted for three reasons. First, human activities are changing the environments of other species at an unprecedented scale ({Grimm, 2008 #3; ...
... The concept of mismatch is so central to evolutionary theory that a basic tutorial might seem unnecessary. On the contrary, a “back to basics” treatment is warranted for three reasons. First, human activities are changing the environments of other species at an unprecedented scale ({Grimm, 2008 #3; ...
Ch 22 Notes - Dublin City Schools
... first edition of The Origin of Species • The phrase descent with modification summarized Darwin’s perception of the unity of life • The phrase refers to the view that all organisms are related through descent from an ancestor that lived in the remote past ...
... first edition of The Origin of Species • The phrase descent with modification summarized Darwin’s perception of the unity of life • The phrase refers to the view that all organisms are related through descent from an ancestor that lived in the remote past ...
The Romantic Conception of Robert J. Richards
... would be found for these branches of the animal kingdom. He thus concluded for the animal and plant kingdoms, “all the organisms yet discovered are descendants of probably less than ten parent forms.” In the Origin, Darwin advanced this same conviction that “animals have descended from at most only ...
... would be found for these branches of the animal kingdom. He thus concluded for the animal and plant kingdoms, “all the organisms yet discovered are descendants of probably less than ten parent forms.” In the Origin, Darwin advanced this same conviction that “animals have descended from at most only ...
Natural Selection in Relation to Complexity
... level of selective percolation as the background to occasional episodes of secular evolutionary change. And here we also see selection entangled in a mesh of extensional complexity that it cannot be held responsible for having produced as a result of promoting the currently best organismic traits wi ...
... level of selective percolation as the background to occasional episodes of secular evolutionary change. And here we also see selection entangled in a mesh of extensional complexity that it cannot be held responsible for having produced as a result of promoting the currently best organismic traits wi ...
... Here, sweet lethargy halts experience; all questions are stilled in a vast Weltanschauung; all difficulties are resolved through a general view of the world, simply by referring to a general principle of nature.” In addition, Bachelard contends that: “It is also often said that science craves unity, ...
The Growth of Structural and Functional Complexity
... to computing, economics, design of molecules, or the development of scientific theories. Variation is that aspect of a process that creates configurations different from the previous ones, in other words, that produces diversity or variety. Without variation there can be no change, so we will take v ...
... to computing, economics, design of molecules, or the development of scientific theories. Variation is that aspect of a process that creates configurations different from the previous ones, in other words, that produces diversity or variety. Without variation there can be no change, so we will take v ...
Palaeontologia Electronica Extinction: Evolution and the End of Man
... of Panglossian parables aimed at the public, with ...
... of Panglossian parables aimed at the public, with ...
Word - Colorado Department of Education
... ● how the animals are going to stay warm or cool ● what they are going to eat ● how they will get their food and water ● how they find shelter ● how they will protect themselves from their predators Once their animals have been created, they must think about the 3rd book in your series which involve ...
... ● how the animals are going to stay warm or cool ● what they are going to eat ● how they will get their food and water ● how they find shelter ● how they will protect themselves from their predators Once their animals have been created, they must think about the 3rd book in your series which involve ...
Adaptations of Life Over Time - Colorado Department of Education
... ● how the animals are going to stay warm or cool ● what they are going to eat ● how they will get their food and water ● how they find shelter ● how they will protect themselves from their predators Once their animals have been created, they must think about the 3rd book in your series which involve ...
... ● how the animals are going to stay warm or cool ● what they are going to eat ● how they will get their food and water ● how they find shelter ● how they will protect themselves from their predators Once their animals have been created, they must think about the 3rd book in your series which involve ...
Niche construction theory - synergy
... as ‘reciprocally caused’ (Laland and Sterelny, 2006), with organisms viewed as co-directing their own evolution. To quote Levins and Lewontin (1985, p. 106): “The organism influences its own evolution, by being both the object of natural selection and the creator of the conditions of that selection”. ...
... as ‘reciprocally caused’ (Laland and Sterelny, 2006), with organisms viewed as co-directing their own evolution. To quote Levins and Lewontin (1985, p. 106): “The organism influences its own evolution, by being both the object of natural selection and the creator of the conditions of that selection”. ...
Rapid evolution in crop-weed hybrids under artificial selection for
... in homoploid hybrid lineages in both plants (Hegarty and Hiscock 2005) and animals (Mallet 2007). In general, evidence for new lineages has been inferred from the geographic occurrence of hybrid zones. The use of experimental hybridization and artificial selection to speed up natural processes allow ...
... in homoploid hybrid lineages in both plants (Hegarty and Hiscock 2005) and animals (Mallet 2007). In general, evidence for new lineages has been inferred from the geographic occurrence of hybrid zones. The use of experimental hybridization and artificial selection to speed up natural processes allow ...
use of an explicit method for distinguishing exaptations from
... According to Andrews et al. (2002: 498), Gould and Lewontin (1979) have helped highlight many ways in which the standards of evidence that adaptationists have used can lead them to erroneously classify a trait as an adaptation for a proposed function. For example, the genes underlying the trait coul ...
... According to Andrews et al. (2002: 498), Gould and Lewontin (1979) have helped highlight many ways in which the standards of evidence that adaptationists have used can lead them to erroneously classify a trait as an adaptation for a proposed function. For example, the genes underlying the trait coul ...
How is Biological Explanation Possible?
... selection became apparent, it has been recognized that an interbreeding population can be an environmental force in¯uencing its own evolutionary course. At least since the work of Waters,3 philosophers have recognized that among the environmental features that ®lter genetic variations and allow comp ...
... selection became apparent, it has been recognized that an interbreeding population can be an environmental force in¯uencing its own evolutionary course. At least since the work of Waters,3 philosophers have recognized that among the environmental features that ®lter genetic variations and allow comp ...
Fig. 22-12 - Kirchner-WHS
... • Individuals with certain heritable characteristics survive and reproduce at a higher rate than other individuals • Natural selection increases the adaptation of organisms to their environment over time • If an environment changes, natural selection may result in adaptations to these new conditions ...
... • Individuals with certain heritable characteristics survive and reproduce at a higher rate than other individuals • Natural selection increases the adaptation of organisms to their environment over time • If an environment changes, natural selection may result in adaptations to these new conditions ...
Chapter 15
... 31. An agricultural researcher has carried out a selection regime on corn plants in an attempt to increase the number of kernels per cob. The researcher is applying directional selection by choosing only the plants with the top 5% number of kernels per cob to be planted for the next generation. Afte ...
... 31. An agricultural researcher has carried out a selection regime on corn plants in an attempt to increase the number of kernels per cob. The researcher is applying directional selection by choosing only the plants with the top 5% number of kernels per cob to be planted for the next generation. Afte ...
Darwin Collection - Science
... verbal flood to one of the biggest questions in all of biology: how life began. The only words he published in a book appeared near the end of On the Origin of Raw ingredients Species: “Probably all the organic beings which Life—or at least life as we know it—appears to have ever lived on this earth ...
... verbal flood to one of the biggest questions in all of biology: how life began. The only words he published in a book appeared near the end of On the Origin of Raw ingredients Species: “Probably all the organic beings which Life—or at least life as we know it—appears to have ever lived on this earth ...
DOBZHANSKY ON EVOLUTIONARY DYNAMICS
... For Filipchenko, these distinctions may be applied only at or below the level of Linnean species, i.e., to individuals, pure lines (biotypes), Jordanons (races or subspecies) or species. "In this regard we go no further, ..., that is [not] beyond the species, for we hold that one must understand by ...
... For Filipchenko, these distinctions may be applied only at or below the level of Linnean species, i.e., to individuals, pure lines (biotypes), Jordanons (races or subspecies) or species. "In this regard we go no further, ..., that is [not] beyond the species, for we hold that one must understand by ...
Fig. 22-6 - Geneva Area City Schools
... • Natural selection does not create new traits, but edits or selects for traits already present in the population • The local environment determines which traits will be selected for or selected against in any specific population ...
... • Natural selection does not create new traits, but edits or selects for traits already present in the population • The local environment determines which traits will be selected for or selected against in any specific population ...
UN1001 Discussion Questions
... 2. According to Futuyma, what are the relationships among the concepts of truth, fact, hypothesis, and evidence? Can there be unknown facts, according to Futuyma? Do you agree with Futuyma’s discussion of these concepts? Why or why not? 3. What does Futuyma say about the creationists’ claim that “ev ...
... 2. According to Futuyma, what are the relationships among the concepts of truth, fact, hypothesis, and evidence? Can there be unknown facts, according to Futuyma? Do you agree with Futuyma’s discussion of these concepts? Why or why not? 3. What does Futuyma say about the creationists’ claim that “ev ...