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+ Combining Random Variables
+ Combining Random Variables

... Probability models often assume independence when the random variables describe outcomes that appear unrelated to each other. You should always ask whether the assumption of independence seems ...
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STA301 – Statistics and Probability LECTURE NO.8: Median in case

... case of an open-ended frequency distribution is that, except in the unlikely event of the median falling within an openended group occurring in the beginning of our frequency distribution, there is no need to estimate the upper or lower boundary. This is so because of the fact that, if the median is ...
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CH10.pdf

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Statistics

... A. What was the problem to be investigated The problem was to estimate how many boxes of cereal it would take to get all six different animal cards. B. What was already known about this problem situation? It was assumed that each animal card is available in the cereal boxes in equal amounts (there i ...
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... Steps of Hypothesis Testing 1. State clearly the two hypotheses 2. Determine which is the null hypothesis (H0) and which is the alternative hypothesis (H1) 3. Compute a relevant test statistic from the sample 4. Find the likelihood function of the test statistic according to the null hypothesis 5. ...
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Probability

Probability is the measure of the likeliness that an event will occur. Probability is quantified as a number between 0 and 1 (where 0 indicates impossibility and 1 indicates certainty). The higher the probability of an event, the more certain we are that the event will occur. A simple example is the toss of a fair (unbiased) coin. Since the two outcomes are equally probable, the probability of ""heads"" equals the probability of ""tails"", so the probability is 1/2 (or 50%) chance of either ""heads"" or ""tails"".These concepts have been given an axiomatic mathematical formalization in probability theory (see probability axioms), which is used widely in such areas of study as mathematics, statistics, finance, gambling, science (in particular physics), artificial intelligence/machine learning, computer science, game theory, and philosophy to, for example, draw inferences about the expected frequency of events. Probability theory is also used to describe the underlying mechanics and regularities of complex systems.
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