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Glueballs
Glueballs

... Glueball spectrum • What are the possible glueball states? • Use: J=(|L-S| ≤ J ≤ L+S, P=(-1)L and C=+1 for two gluon states, C=-1 for three gluon states • e.g. take L=0, S=0: J=0 P=+1 C= +1 give states: 0++ • Masses obtained form LQCD ...
Anderson transition ???????? Critical Statistics
Anderson transition ???????? Critical Statistics

... In billiards it is just the ballistic travel time. In kicked rotors and quantum maps it is the time needed to explore a fixed basis. In billiards with some (Coulomb) potential inside one can obtain this time by mapping the billiard onto an Anderson model (Levitov, Altshuler, 97). ...
WBL6_Lecture_Ch27
WBL6_Lecture_Ch27

... goes away if we assume that the possible values of the energy of electromagnetic radiation are not continuous, but rather come in little “packets,” whose energies are given by: ...
fundamental_reality\fund_notes_up_math
fundamental_reality\fund_notes_up_math

... mathematical statement identical to the minimum time principle for light waves. Thus, both material particles and light waves actually move in similar ways, mathematically. From this one might conclude that particles have a wave like property. The conservation laws follow directly from Newton’s laws ...
Correlation Length versus Gap in Frustration-Free
Correlation Length versus Gap in Frustration-Free

Chapter 7 Handout 1 Atomic Orbitals Quantum Numbers: Principal
Chapter 7 Handout 1 Atomic Orbitals Quantum Numbers: Principal

... Rules for filling orbitals: 1. Aufbau Principle: a. Electrons fill up orbitals of lowest energy first b. Orbitals in the same sublevel are equal in energy c. Sometimes energy levels overlap 2. Pauli Exculsion Principle a. There is a max of 2 electrons in any one orbital b. These 2 electrons must ha ...
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The Quantum Spin Hall Effect

... • Theoretical predictions of the intrinsic spin Hall effect (Science 2003, PRL 2004). • The spin Hall effect has now been experimentally observed. (Science 2004, PRL ...
OPTICS14399
OPTICS14399

... As can be seen from the form of the density matrix of the most general two-qubit symmetric pure state in Eq. (5), for possible final states to be symmetric we need all non-zero elements of the matrix in Eq. (29) to be equal to each other, that is, r ¼ s. This condition can only be satisfied in case of ...
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... We now know that there are four different kinds of interactions. 1. Gravitational : planetary system, stars and galaxies. 2. Electromagnetic : formation of atoms. 3. Strong : stability of atomic nuclei. 4. Weak : beta decay. For the last two, one can have only quantum theory since they operate only ...
Presentations\Quantum Well Structures and Fabrications Rev 1
Presentations\Quantum Well Structures and Fabrications Rev 1

... • Band gaps act as a barriers between the ground state bands and conduction bands, preventing electrons from reaching the conduction band unless they gain more energy. • Once an electron reaches the conduction band, the excess energy is released and the electron falls back to its ground state. • If ...
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SPS 3

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Book Reviews

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2 Quantum dynamics of simple systems

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... come equipped with a Poisson bracket which we can think of as locally giving a separation of coordinates into positions and momenta, and time evolution of functions is controlled by Hamilton’s equation df = {H, f }. dt This motivates the following definition. Definition 1.2. A conserved quantity in ...
CCR 19: Spectroscopic Notation
CCR 19: Spectroscopic Notation

... principal (P term) state, the same limiting term as for the sharp series. Finally, the fundamental emission spectrum was the result of transitions from the higher fundamental (F terms) energy states to the lowest D term state, the limiting term for the fundamental series. In Figure SN-3 the principa ...
Section 2 Notes
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... The Bohr model was a one-dimensional model that used one quantum number to describe the electrons in the atom. Only the size of the orbit was important in the Bohr Model, which was described by the n quantum number. Schrödinger described an atomic model with electrons in three dimensions. This model ...
Miroir quantique pour les électrons
Miroir quantique pour les électrons

Optical implementation of the Quantum Box Problem
Optical implementation of the Quantum Box Problem

... And a final note... The result should have been obvious... |A>
Lecture 25: Introduction to the Quantum Theory of Angular Momentum Phy851 Fall 2009
Lecture 25: Introduction to the Quantum Theory of Angular Momentum Phy851 Fall 2009

... Angular Momentum • We can decompose the momentum operator onto spherical components as: ...
1.1 Construction of two band models
1.1 Construction of two band models

Lecture.1.part1
Lecture.1.part1

... Charge (Q) is a quantity we have defined in order to describe how certain particles (with this charge) interact. If the particles don’t interact in the prescribed way, they don’t have charge. The force, F, between two charges (and the classical mathematical model, Coulomb’s Law, kQ1Q2/r2), was deriv ...
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Quantum Superposition, Quantum Entanglement, and Quantum
Quantum Superposition, Quantum Entanglement, and Quantum

ppt - IIT Kanpur
ppt - IIT Kanpur

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Canonical quantization

In physics, canonical quantization is a procedure for quantizing a classical theory, while attempting to preserve the formal structure, such as symmetries, of the classical theory, to the greatest extent possible.Historically, this was not quite Werner Heisenberg's route to obtaining quantum mechanics, but Paul Dirac introduced it in his 1926 doctoral thesis, the ""method of classical analogy"" for quantization, and detailed it in his classic text. The word canonical arises from the Hamiltonian approach to classical mechanics, in which a system's dynamics is generated via canonical Poisson brackets, a structure which is only partially preserved in canonical quantization.This method was further used in the context of quantum field theory by Paul Dirac, in his construction of quantum electrodynamics. In the field theory context, it is also called second quantization, in contrast to the semi-classical first quantization for single particles.
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