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ch01
ch01

... – An entity is a person, place, event or thing, about which we wish to store information – A relationship is a connection between entities, about which we wish to store information – A relationship can be considered as a special case of entities – Entities have properties – Properties are the charac ...
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... ACID Properties A transaction is a unit of program execution that accesses and possibly updates various data items. To preserve the integrity of data the database system must ensure:  Atomicity. Either all operations of the transaction are properly reflected ...
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... Students are expected to have the basic knowledge of software development and computers. Knowledge about data structures, algorithms, and programming languages is also good but is not mandatory. Course Objectives A database system is one of the leading topics in computer science. This is leading in ...
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... information from the database. Update, for example: Insert a new employee, Delete a department, Update someone’s salary…. Retrieve, for example: Retrieve the names of employees who work on multiple projects…… ...
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... A question is a record in the table. Question includes the following fields: Question text two model answers (more on this later) Point value (may be set as currency) category used switch (yes/no) ...
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...  When the transaction is committed, the database must be consistent.  Two main issues to deal with:  Failures, e.g. hardware failures and system crashes.  Concurrency, for simultaneous execution of multiple transactions. ©Silberschatz, Korth and Sudarshan Modifications & additions by S Bird, J B ...
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... • Done as input in other information systems including: – DSSs, decision support systems – MISs, management information systems ...
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The Database Environment - Eastern Michigan University

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Relational Databases - U of W ACS Homepage

... name Smith, and is of Male gender Employee with ID 333 has a first name Jim, a last name Jones, and is of Male gender ...
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... • Update -> updates existing data within a table • Delete -> deletes all records from a table, the space for the records remain • Merge -> upsert operation (insert or update) • Call -> call a procedure language / SQL or java subprogram • Explain plan -> explain access path to data • Lock table -> co ...
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What is a Transaction?

... different state than T2 followed by T1 • But both would be correct (consistent) from the DB point of view • Transaction serializability means that transactions executing concurrently must be interleaved in such a way that the resulting DB state is equal to some serial execution of the same transacti ...
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Concurrency control

In information technology and computer science, especially in the fields of computer programming, operating systems, multiprocessors, and databases, concurrency control ensures that correct results for concurrent operations are generated, while getting those results as quickly as possible.Computer systems, both software and hardware, consist of modules, or components. Each component is designed to operate correctly, i.e., to obey or to meet certain consistency rules. When components that operate concurrently interact by messaging or by sharing accessed data (in memory or storage), a certain component's consistency may be violated by another component. The general area of concurrency control provides rules, methods, design methodologies, and theories to maintain the consistency of components operating concurrently while interacting, and thus the consistency and correctness of the whole system. Introducing concurrency control into a system means applying operation constraints which typically result in some performance reduction. Operation consistency and correctness should be achieved with as good as possible efficiency, without reducing performance below reasonable levels. Concurrency control can require significant additional complexity and overhead in a concurrent algorithm compared to the simpler sequential algorithm.For example, a failure in concurrency control can result in data corruption from torn read or write operations.
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