Natural Organic Matter in Water
... implementation of disinfection for the first time in Jersey City, NJ ignited a disinfection revolution in the United States that reverberated around the world” ...
... implementation of disinfection for the first time in Jersey City, NJ ignited a disinfection revolution in the United States that reverberated around the world” ...
GI infections, bacteria
... to spread (also secretes LT). Symptoms: fever, nausea, vomiting, bloody diarrhea, abdominal discomfort. Vibrio cholerae: Deadly disease. Curved shaped gram negative rod (as most enterics are!!) with flagellum. Transmission is via faecally contaminated water. Bacteria attaches to epithelial cells, re ...
... to spread (also secretes LT). Symptoms: fever, nausea, vomiting, bloody diarrhea, abdominal discomfort. Vibrio cholerae: Deadly disease. Curved shaped gram negative rod (as most enterics are!!) with flagellum. Transmission is via faecally contaminated water. Bacteria attaches to epithelial cells, re ...
A Review of Pathogenic Vibrio Infections for Clinicians
... 3 days (range, 6 hours to 5 days). Severe illness has been associated with high-dose exposure, low gastric acidity, and blood group O.[16] Severe cholera may be characterized by "rice water" stools, loss of 10% or more of body weight, loss of normal skin turgor, dry ...
... 3 days (range, 6 hours to 5 days). Severe illness has been associated with high-dose exposure, low gastric acidity, and blood group O.[16] Severe cholera may be characterized by "rice water" stools, loss of 10% or more of body weight, loss of normal skin turgor, dry ...
medical mysteries - Web Adventures
... Eureka shows an animation where Dr. John Snow talks about how he used a case map to identify a water well as the source of a cholera outbreak in the 1800s. Similarly, Sirius has mapped the location of each suspected cholera case in Prokaryon. By examining this map, the student should conclude that m ...
... Eureka shows an animation where Dr. John Snow talks about how he used a case map to identify a water well as the source of a cholera outbreak in the 1800s. Similarly, Sirius has mapped the location of each suspected cholera case in Prokaryon. By examining this map, the student should conclude that m ...
Zool 352 Lecture 14 - Washington State University
... • Cholera toxin ribosylates the alpha subunit of Gs, converting it into a permanent stimulant of adenylyl cyclase. ...
... • Cholera toxin ribosylates the alpha subunit of Gs, converting it into a permanent stimulant of adenylyl cyclase. ...
Infections of the GI Tract
... • Exposure to infant carriers or infected adults • HCW use of alcohol-based agents rather than soap and water for hand washing ...
... • Exposure to infant carriers or infected adults • HCW use of alcohol-based agents rather than soap and water for hand washing ...
AHPNS aetiology – announcement May 2013
... Vibrio parahaemolyticus, that is infected by a virus known as a phage, which causes it to release a potent toxin. A similar phenomenon occurs in the human disease cholera, where a phage makes the Vibrio cholerae bacterium capable of producing a toxin that causes cholera’s life-threatening diarrhea. ...
... Vibrio parahaemolyticus, that is infected by a virus known as a phage, which causes it to release a potent toxin. A similar phenomenon occurs in the human disease cholera, where a phage makes the Vibrio cholerae bacterium capable of producing a toxin that causes cholera’s life-threatening diarrhea. ...
Enteric infections: prevention and management
... • Provide children with 20 mg per day of zinc supplementation for 10-14 days (10 mg per day for infants under six months old) • Frequent feedings of fruit drinks, tea, "flat" carbonated beverages, and soft, easily digested foods (eg, soups, crackers) are ...
... • Provide children with 20 mg per day of zinc supplementation for 10-14 days (10 mg per day for infants under six months old) • Frequent feedings of fruit drinks, tea, "flat" carbonated beverages, and soft, easily digested foods (eg, soups, crackers) are ...
Investigating Outbreaks - Home
... The data above is from the well-known outbreak of cholera in London that was investigated by the "father of epidemiology," John Snow. Cholera spread from a water source for an extended period of time. Note that the typical incubation period for cholera is 1--3 days that the duration of this outbrea ...
... The data above is from the well-known outbreak of cholera in London that was investigated by the "father of epidemiology," John Snow. Cholera spread from a water source for an extended period of time. Note that the typical incubation period for cholera is 1--3 days that the duration of this outbrea ...
Influence of environmental factors on the presence of Vibrio
... mutation and horizontal gene transfer, giving rise to new interactions among hosts and disease agents. The disease agents and their vectors each have particular environments that are optimal for growth, survival, transport, and dissemination [6]. Vibrio cholerae is well recognized as the causative a ...
... mutation and horizontal gene transfer, giving rise to new interactions among hosts and disease agents. The disease agents and their vectors each have particular environments that are optimal for growth, survival, transport, and dissemination [6]. Vibrio cholerae is well recognized as the causative a ...
Case Study - Cell Transport and Diarrhea
... Molly arrives at the doctor’s office complaining of diarrhea. She has just returned from a safari trip in Africa. In order to treat Molly’s symptoms correctly, the doctor runs a series of tests in order to determine which type of diarrhea she has and what might be causing it. The results of these te ...
... Molly arrives at the doctor’s office complaining of diarrhea. She has just returned from a safari trip in Africa. In order to treat Molly’s symptoms correctly, the doctor runs a series of tests in order to determine which type of diarrhea she has and what might be causing it. The results of these te ...
Diarrhea Diarrhea is frequent, loose, watery stools. Everyone has
... Diarrhea is frequent, loose, watery stools. Everyone has diarrhea at one time or another and it normally goes away on its own without any special treatment. Whenever diarrhea is severe or persistent medical advice is recommended. Causes There are many causes of diarrhea. Some of them may be temporar ...
... Diarrhea is frequent, loose, watery stools. Everyone has diarrhea at one time or another and it normally goes away on its own without any special treatment. Whenever diarrhea is severe or persistent medical advice is recommended. Causes There are many causes of diarrhea. Some of them may be temporar ...
Straight Answers for Consumers
... does it stay effective out of refrigeration? Refrigeration is recommended whenever possible to maintain full potency of the capsules over time. However, because each one of Florajen’s capsules is generously loaded with over 20 billion cultures, they remain effective for weeks of time without refrige ...
... does it stay effective out of refrigeration? Refrigeration is recommended whenever possible to maintain full potency of the capsules over time. However, because each one of Florajen’s capsules is generously loaded with over 20 billion cultures, they remain effective for weeks of time without refrige ...
Scenario-Based Pandemic Preparedness and Response SOP
... The provisions and procedures contained in the SASOP are generally applicable to any disaster, particularly disasters that cause physical damage to utilities/infrastructures and where search and rescue efforts are primarily required. When confronted with an epidemic or pandemic, the SASOP provisions ...
... The provisions and procedures contained in the SASOP are generally applicable to any disaster, particularly disasters that cause physical damage to utilities/infrastructures and where search and rescue efforts are primarily required. When confronted with an epidemic or pandemic, the SASOP provisions ...
- VibrioNet
... The worst epidemic of cholera in recent history between 2010 and 2013 in Haiti caused the death of more than 8,000 Haitians. While Vibrio cholera is mainly considered as the responsible pathogenic agent, the actual pathogen is a temperate phage that upon successful infection of its Vibrio host turns ...
... The worst epidemic of cholera in recent history between 2010 and 2013 in Haiti caused the death of more than 8,000 Haitians. While Vibrio cholera is mainly considered as the responsible pathogenic agent, the actual pathogen is a temperate phage that upon successful infection of its Vibrio host turns ...
DISEASE CAUSING MICRO-ORGANISMS
... PREVENTING THE SPREAD OF PATHOGENS Wash hands after using the washroom and before eating Ensure food is stored properly Proper hygiene Do not engage in any activity where bodily fluids are exchanged without taking the necessary precautions Cover mouths when sneezing or coughing Stay away ...
... PREVENTING THE SPREAD OF PATHOGENS Wash hands after using the washroom and before eating Ensure food is stored properly Proper hygiene Do not engage in any activity where bodily fluids are exchanged without taking the necessary precautions Cover mouths when sneezing or coughing Stay away ...
Neonatal calf diarrhea Neonatal calf diarrhea (NCD), also known as
... calf by sunken eyes, dry skin and weakness.If the disease is allowed to progress untreated, dehydration and electrolyte (ions of body salts such as sodium,potassium, chloride, and bicarbonate) loss will kill the calf. Body temperature readings will vary, depending to some extent on the disease agent ...
... calf by sunken eyes, dry skin and weakness.If the disease is allowed to progress untreated, dehydration and electrolyte (ions of body salts such as sodium,potassium, chloride, and bicarbonate) loss will kill the calf. Body temperature readings will vary, depending to some extent on the disease agent ...
noroviruses - Summit County Public Health
... 5. Try to keep the sick person away from those who are well during the time the sick person is actively vomiting or having diarrhea. If possible, the sick person should use one bathroom separate from those who are not ill. Place a roll of paper towels in each bathroom. When your wash your hands, tur ...
... 5. Try to keep the sick person away from those who are well during the time the sick person is actively vomiting or having diarrhea. If possible, the sick person should use one bathroom separate from those who are not ill. Place a roll of paper towels in each bathroom. When your wash your hands, tur ...
Vibrio, Aeromonas, Plesiomonas, Campylobacter, & Helicobacter
... Caused by cholera toxin or choleragen • Loss of electrolytes & water ...
... Caused by cholera toxin or choleragen • Loss of electrolytes & water ...
Viral gastroenteritis
... Mainly disease of infants and young children . Mostly self limiting disease. Recovery is usual . Diarrhea, vomiting and abdominal pain are the major ...
... Mainly disease of infants and young children . Mostly self limiting disease. Recovery is usual . Diarrhea, vomiting and abdominal pain are the major ...
Alteration in Elimination
... Enzyme deficiency/protein intolerance: develops after intro of cow’s milk, fruits, cereal Bacterial gastroenteritis/IBS: presence of neutrophils/RBC’s Protein intolerance/parasitic infection: presence of eosinophils Cultures: performed if blood or mucus is present, or Sx’s are severe, travel ...
... Enzyme deficiency/protein intolerance: develops after intro of cow’s milk, fruits, cereal Bacterial gastroenteritis/IBS: presence of neutrophils/RBC’s Protein intolerance/parasitic infection: presence of eosinophils Cultures: performed if blood or mucus is present, or Sx’s are severe, travel ...
ROLE OF BACTERIAL ADHESION IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF
... Another important feature of the secretory antibacterial IgA antibodies in the gastro-intestinal tract is that their ability to induce agglutination of the bacteria is very poor. If IgA antibodies play any role in protection, they can do so only by prevention of adhesion of bacteria to the mucous me ...
... Another important feature of the secretory antibacterial IgA antibodies in the gastro-intestinal tract is that their ability to induce agglutination of the bacteria is very poor. If IgA antibodies play any role in protection, they can do so only by prevention of adhesion of bacteria to the mucous me ...
Disease Unit
... 1. A disease outbreak that affects many countries and areas. 2. This is not a medicine that can cure a disease, but it can help your body prevent getting the disease in the first place. 3. Using a living thing to solve a problem. 9. Virus, bacteria, parasite or fungus 10. Antibiotics can not be used ...
... 1. A disease outbreak that affects many countries and areas. 2. This is not a medicine that can cure a disease, but it can help your body prevent getting the disease in the first place. 3. Using a living thing to solve a problem. 9. Virus, bacteria, parasite or fungus 10. Antibiotics can not be used ...
food poisoning
... worsen (more abdominal pain, inability to drink adequate fluids, or bloody diarrhea), seek care for a resistant bacteria or parasite. Diarrhea in Children: Young children (under age 5) are particularly susceptible to becoming dehydrated but unfortunately, Imodium (loperamide) and Pepto-Bismol ® shou ...
... worsen (more abdominal pain, inability to drink adequate fluids, or bloody diarrhea), seek care for a resistant bacteria or parasite. Diarrhea in Children: Young children (under age 5) are particularly susceptible to becoming dehydrated but unfortunately, Imodium (loperamide) and Pepto-Bismol ® shou ...
Cholera
Cholera is an infection of the small intestine by some strains of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Symptoms may range from none, to mild, to severe. The classic symptom is large amounts of watery diarrhea that lasts a few days. Vomiting and muscle cramps may also occur. Diarrhea can be so severe that it leads within hours to severe dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. This may result in sunken eyes, cold skin, decreased skin elasticity, and wrinkling of the hands and feet. The dehydration may result in the skin turning bluish. Symptoms start two hours to five days after exposure.Cholera is caused by a number of types of Vibrio cholerae, with some types producing more severe disease than others. It is spread mostly by water and food that has been contaminated with human feces containing the bacteria. Insufficiently cooked seafood is a common source. Humans are the only animal affected. Risk factors for the disease include poor sanitation, not enough clean drinking water, and poverty. There are concerns that rising sea levels will increase rates of disease. Cholera can be diagnosed by a stool test. A rapid dipstick test is available but is not as accurate.Prevention involves improved sanitation and access to clean water. Cholera vaccines that are given by mouth provide reasonable protection for about six months. They have the added benefit of protecting against another type of diarrhea caused by E. coli. The primary treatment is oral rehydration therapy—the replacement of fluids with slightly sweet and salty solutions. Rice-based solutions are preferred. Zinc supplementation is useful in children. In severe cases, intravenous fluids, such as Ringer's lactate, may be required, and antibiotics may be beneficial. Testing to see what antibiotic the cholera is susceptible to can help guide the choice.Cholera affects an estimated 3–5 million people worldwide and causes 58,000–130,000 deaths a year as of 2010. While it is currently classified as a pandemic, it is rare in the developed world. Children are mostly affected. Cholera occurs as both outbreaks and chronically in certain areas. Areas with an ongoing risk of disease include Africa and south-east Asia. While the risk of death among those affected is usually less than 5%, it may be as high as 50% among some groups who don't have access to treatment. Historical descriptions of cholera are found as early as the 5th century BC in Sanskrit. The study of cholera by John Snow between 1849 and 1854 led to significant advances in the field of epidemiology.