Trapped particles and asymmetry-induced transport
... It is instructive to consider the balance of energy during the trapped-particle mode decay. As collisions scatter particles across the separatrix, the net result is that trapped particles are transported from the side of low potential perturbation to the high side. In the process, the wave does work ...
... It is instructive to consider the balance of energy during the trapped-particle mode decay. As collisions scatter particles across the separatrix, the net result is that trapped particles are transported from the side of low potential perturbation to the high side. In the process, the wave does work ...
Influence of atmospheric electric fields on the radio
... strong atmospheric electric fields, which is the main subject of this work. The frequency content of the pulse is solely dependent on the geometry of the electric currents in the shower [15]. As is shown in the present work, the presence of strong atmospheric electric fields affects not only the mag ...
... strong atmospheric electric fields, which is the main subject of this work. The frequency content of the pulse is solely dependent on the geometry of the electric currents in the shower [15]. As is shown in the present work, the presence of strong atmospheric electric fields affects not only the mag ...
Theory of ferromagnetism in planar heterostructures of Mn,III
... ferromagnetic III-V semiconductor,2– 6 has raised the basic problems of the origin of the ferromagnetism and of the spin transport properties. In contrast to the much-studied Mndoped II-VI materials,7 Mn acts as an acceptor in GaAs so that Ga1⫺x Mnx As has free holes that are thought to be responsib ...
... ferromagnetic III-V semiconductor,2– 6 has raised the basic problems of the origin of the ferromagnetism and of the spin transport properties. In contrast to the much-studied Mndoped II-VI materials,7 Mn acts as an acceptor in GaAs so that Ga1⫺x Mnx As has free holes that are thought to be responsib ...
Sample Paper – 2012 Class – XII Subject –Physics Note
... Q20. When a circuit element X is connected across an a.c. source, a current of √2 A flows through it and this current is in phase with applied voltage. When another element Y is connected across same a.c. source, the same current flows in the circuit, but it leads voltage by π/2. Name the circuit el ...
... Q20. When a circuit element X is connected across an a.c. source, a current of √2 A flows through it and this current is in phase with applied voltage. When another element Y is connected across same a.c. source, the same current flows in the circuit, but it leads voltage by π/2. Name the circuit el ...
Chapter Nine Radiation
... The Radiation or Far Zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
... The Radiation or Far Zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
20.1 Electric Charge and Static Electricity
... Static Electricity and Charging Charging by Friction Rubbing a balloon on your hair causes charging by friction. • Electrons move from your hair to the balloon because atoms in rubber have a greater attraction for electrons than atoms in hair. • The balloon picks up a net negative charge. • Your hai ...
... Static Electricity and Charging Charging by Friction Rubbing a balloon on your hair causes charging by friction. • Electrons move from your hair to the balloon because atoms in rubber have a greater attraction for electrons than atoms in hair. • The balloon picks up a net negative charge. • Your hai ...
Sample pages 2 PDF
... was much worse than usual. There had been a warm winter, and the pollen-producing vegetation of Northern Europe had outdone itself in the late spring. Heisenberg, attempting to work with Max Born in Göttingen, had been laid low with a bout of hay fever that was worse than anything in his previous 23 ...
... was much worse than usual. There had been a warm winter, and the pollen-producing vegetation of Northern Europe had outdone itself in the late spring. Heisenberg, attempting to work with Max Born in Göttingen, had been laid low with a bout of hay fever that was worse than anything in his previous 23 ...
Electromagnetism
Electromagnetism is a branch of physics which involves the study of the electromagnetic force, a type of physical interaction that occurs between electrically charged particles. The electromagnetic force usually shows electromagnetic fields, such as electric fields, magnetic fields, and light. The electromagnetic force is one of the four fundamental interactions in nature. The other three fundamental interactions are the strong interaction, the weak interaction, and gravitation.The word electromagnetism is a compound form of two Greek terms, ἤλεκτρον, ēlektron, ""amber"", and μαγνῆτις λίθος magnētis lithos, which means ""magnesian stone"", a type of iron ore. The science of electromagnetic phenomena is defined in terms of the electromagnetic force, sometimes called the Lorentz force, which includes both electricity and magnetism as elements of one phenomenon.The electromagnetic force plays a major role in determining the internal properties of most objects encountered in daily life. Ordinary matter takes its form as a result of intermolecular forces between individual molecules in matter. Electrons are bound by electromagnetic wave mechanics into orbitals around atomic nuclei to form atoms, which are the building blocks of molecules. This governs the processes involved in chemistry, which arise from interactions between the electrons of neighboring atoms, which are in turn determined by the interaction between electromagnetic force and the momentum of the electrons.There are numerous mathematical descriptions of the electromagnetic field. In classical electrodynamics, electric fields are described as electric potential and electric current in Ohm's law, magnetic fields are associated with electromagnetic induction and magnetism, and Maxwell's equations describe how electric and magnetic fields are generated and altered by each other and by charges and currents.The theoretical implications of electromagnetism, in particular the establishment of the speed of light based on properties of the ""medium"" of propagation (permeability and permittivity), led to the development of special relativity by Albert Einstein in 1905.Although electromagnetism is considered one of the four fundamental forces, at high energy the weak force and electromagnetism are unified. In the history of the universe, during the quark epoch, the electroweak force split into the electromagnetic and weak forces.