Ultrafast Laser-induced Damage and the Influence of Spectral Effects
... The solid line in Fig. 2 shows the Keldysh photoionization rate as a function of the optical intensity in fused silica with a band gap of 9 eV and an effective mass equal to the rest electron mass. The dashed line in Fig. 2 shows the Keldysh six-photon (n ¼ 6) MPI rate; W PI ¼ σ 6 I 6 , where σ 6 ¼ ...
... The solid line in Fig. 2 shows the Keldysh photoionization rate as a function of the optical intensity in fused silica with a band gap of 9 eV and an effective mass equal to the rest electron mass. The dashed line in Fig. 2 shows the Keldysh six-photon (n ¼ 6) MPI rate; W PI ¼ σ 6 I 6 , where σ 6 ¼ ...
Three-dimensional imaging by optical sectioning in the aberration
... to fully understand the three-dimensional structure of materials that determines their chemical, physical and electronic properties. At present, the most common technique for three-dimensional imaging is electron tomography (Midgley & Weyland 2003), and while the volume resolution of this technique ...
... to fully understand the three-dimensional structure of materials that determines their chemical, physical and electronic properties. At present, the most common technique for three-dimensional imaging is electron tomography (Midgley & Weyland 2003), and while the volume resolution of this technique ...
A high resolution ion microscope for cold atoms
... on a camera. However, the cloud is destroyed by this method. The destruction can be suppressed when using the related method of phase contrast imaging, allowing to image the same cloud several times [6], yet at a reduced contrast. For non-destructive imaging of dilute samples with single atom sensit ...
... on a camera. However, the cloud is destroyed by this method. The destruction can be suppressed when using the related method of phase contrast imaging, allowing to image the same cloud several times [6], yet at a reduced contrast. For non-destructive imaging of dilute samples with single atom sensit ...
An Atomic Source of Quantum Light - Institute for Quantum Science
... loss. In the presence of loss the amount of squeezing obtained is not monotonically decreasing with increasing gain. (b) Loss in the signal (idler) channel is modelled as a beam splitter of transmissivity ηs(i) and a vacuum state incident on the reflecting port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Th ...
... loss. In the presence of loss the amount of squeezing obtained is not monotonically decreasing with increasing gain. (b) Loss in the signal (idler) channel is modelled as a beam splitter of transmissivity ηs(i) and a vacuum state incident on the reflecting port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Th ...
Realization of a Knill-Laflamme-Milburn controlled
... routed to PPBS2 (two PPBS2s in Fig. 2C), where quantum interferences of the H components with two auxiliary horizontally polarized photons induce the effective nonlinearity. The photons then return to PPBS1 (second PPBS1 in Fig. 2C) where a final quantum interference reverses the initial operation o ...
... routed to PPBS2 (two PPBS2s in Fig. 2C), where quantum interferences of the H components with two auxiliary horizontally polarized photons induce the effective nonlinearity. The photons then return to PPBS1 (second PPBS1 in Fig. 2C) where a final quantum interference reverses the initial operation o ...
Linear optical controlled-NOT gate in the coincidence basis
... Qubits based on the polarization state of individual photons have the advantage of low decoherence rates and are easily manipulated at the single qubit level. Optical parametric amplification experiments have been very successful in producing and analyzing a large range of two-photon entangled state ...
... Qubits based on the polarization state of individual photons have the advantage of low decoherence rates and are easily manipulated at the single qubit level. Optical parametric amplification experiments have been very successful in producing and analyzing a large range of two-photon entangled state ...
Structure and stability of CaH2 surfaces
... Figure S1: (A), (B) and (C) Dierent choices of cell of CaH2 where c-axis parallel to [001], [110], and [111] crystallographic orientations, respectively. The shaded area indicate (001), (110), and (111) lattice planes, respectively. Sticks connecting a Ca to its nearest neighbor H atoms. Two sets o ...
... Figure S1: (A), (B) and (C) Dierent choices of cell of CaH2 where c-axis parallel to [001], [110], and [111] crystallographic orientations, respectively. The shaded area indicate (001), (110), and (111) lattice planes, respectively. Sticks connecting a Ca to its nearest neighbor H atoms. Two sets o ...
Chemistry 11 Exam 1 Spring 2006 When answering questions be
... When atoms form covalent bonds each can provide one electron. In molecular orbitals each atom possesses an atomic orbital. These two atomic orbitals combine to form new two new orbitals called molecular orbitals. In the MOs one is lower in energy than the atomic orbitals and the other is higher in e ...
... When atoms form covalent bonds each can provide one electron. In molecular orbitals each atom possesses an atomic orbital. These two atomic orbitals combine to form new two new orbitals called molecular orbitals. In the MOs one is lower in energy than the atomic orbitals and the other is higher in e ...
PSU Lockout/Tagout Training
... • Know types & magnitude of energy associated with equipment. • ID all energy sources feeding the equipment (including potential energy). • Gather appropriate control devices. • Clarify any questionable identification of energy sources before proceeding. ...
... • Know types & magnitude of energy associated with equipment. • ID all energy sources feeding the equipment (including potential energy). • Gather appropriate control devices. • Clarify any questionable identification of energy sources before proceeding. ...
Ionization due to the interaction between two Rydberg atoms
... somewhat higher energy was investigated in [5]. Reference [6] noted that polarization affected the cross section even in collisions between a Rydberg atom and an atom in a low excited state. Reference [7] performed approximate quantum calculations of the ionization from the interaction between sever ...
... somewhat higher energy was investigated in [5]. Reference [6] noted that polarization affected the cross section even in collisions between a Rydberg atom and an atom in a low excited state. Reference [7] performed approximate quantum calculations of the ionization from the interaction between sever ...
Optical properties of the human tissue
... method is widely used in tissue optics for processing the experimental data of spectrophotometry with integrating spheres. This method allows one to determine the absorption and the reduced scattering coefficients of a turbid media from the measured values of the total transmittance and the diffuse ...
... method is widely used in tissue optics for processing the experimental data of spectrophotometry with integrating spheres. This method allows one to determine the absorption and the reduced scattering coefficients of a turbid media from the measured values of the total transmittance and the diffuse ...
Homochirality and the need of energy
... objects is created (crystals), but the chiral compounds keep their individuality in solution, which thus remains racemic. In practice, the interactions will create more or less large “homochiral objects” (like molecules, homochiral blocks within polymers, entire polymers, crystals, etc.) that have a ...
... objects is created (crystals), but the chiral compounds keep their individuality in solution, which thus remains racemic. In practice, the interactions will create more or less large “homochiral objects” (like molecules, homochiral blocks within polymers, entire polymers, crystals, etc.) that have a ...
Physicists realize an atom laser, a source of coherent matter waves
... laser which converts energy into coherent electromagnetic radiation (but, in contrast, the number of photons needs not to be conserved). The condition of high intensity means many particles per mode or quantum state. A thermal atomic beam has a population per mode of only 10-12 compared to >>1 for a ...
... laser which converts energy into coherent electromagnetic radiation (but, in contrast, the number of photons needs not to be conserved). The condition of high intensity means many particles per mode or quantum state. A thermal atomic beam has a population per mode of only 10-12 compared to >>1 for a ...
UNIVERSITAT POLITÈCNICA DE CATALUNYA
... as depending on the ratio of linear propagation constants at both frequencies strongly depends ...
... as depending on the ratio of linear propagation constants at both frequencies strongly depends ...
Magnetically Induced Reconstruction of the Ground State in a Few-Electron...
... In this theory, electron-electron interactions are hidden in the charging energy, and the electrostatic coupling is assumed to be independent of the nature of the ground state, namely, on the particular distribution of electrons inside the dot. Early experiments on large vertical quantum dots have a ...
... In this theory, electron-electron interactions are hidden in the charging energy, and the electrostatic coupling is assumed to be independent of the nature of the ground state, namely, on the particular distribution of electrons inside the dot. Early experiments on large vertical quantum dots have a ...
Final Exam Review Slides
... closed for a long time. Someone then comes along and opens the switch. ...
... closed for a long time. Someone then comes along and opens the switch. ...
Experimental Test of Wave-Particle Duality by Single Neutral Atoms
... detect the particle from two separate paths. Which-path information is known deterministically, and the photon shows the property of a pure particle. Between these two all-or-nothing cases there also exists an intermediate situation, where by setting the reflectivity of the BS to a value between 0 a ...
... detect the particle from two separate paths. Which-path information is known deterministically, and the photon shows the property of a pure particle. Between these two all-or-nothing cases there also exists an intermediate situation, where by setting the reflectivity of the BS to a value between 0 a ...
Atomic Physics - Oxford Physics
... The structure of atoms and how light interacts with them is responsible for the appearance of the visible world. The small scale of atoms and the properties of nuclei and electrons required a new kind of mechanics to describe their behaviour. Quantum Mechanics was developed in order to explain such ...
... The structure of atoms and how light interacts with them is responsible for the appearance of the visible world. The small scale of atoms and the properties of nuclei and electrons required a new kind of mechanics to describe their behaviour. Quantum Mechanics was developed in order to explain such ...
An optical leaky wave antenna with Si perturbations inside a
... parameters β −1 and α are strongly used here to explain the radiation phenomenon, also in the case when the OLWA is embedded into a FPR, as described in Sec. 6. The LW radiation will determine the directive radiation pattern as in Fig. 2(a) in free space, previously confirmed against two theoretical ...
... parameters β −1 and α are strongly used here to explain the radiation phenomenon, also in the case when the OLWA is embedded into a FPR, as described in Sec. 6. The LW radiation will determine the directive radiation pattern as in Fig. 2(a) in free space, previously confirmed against two theoretical ...
Symposium Organizers
... the spatial separation of the carriers wave function, induced by the quantum-confined Stark effect in the hexagonal phase, is avoided in the cubic structure. For this reason the cubic polytype is expected to increase the optical recombination efficiency in nitride-based quantum wells. Hence, the gro ...
... the spatial separation of the carriers wave function, induced by the quantum-confined Stark effect in the hexagonal phase, is avoided in the cubic structure. For this reason the cubic polytype is expected to increase the optical recombination efficiency in nitride-based quantum wells. Hence, the gro ...
Chapter 2 ATOMIC THEORY
... different atoms. Early in the 19th century, scientists began to study the decomposition of materials and noted that some substances could not be broken down past a certain point (for instance, once separated into oxygen and hydrogen, water cannot be broken down any further). These primary substances ...
... different atoms. Early in the 19th century, scientists began to study the decomposition of materials and noted that some substances could not be broken down past a certain point (for instance, once separated into oxygen and hydrogen, water cannot be broken down any further). These primary substances ...
Chapter 2 ATOMIC THEORY - Beck-Shop
... different atoms. Early in the 19th century, scientists began to study the decomposition of materials and noted that some substances could not be broken down past a certain point (for instance, once separated into oxygen and hydrogen, water cannot be broken down any further). These primary substances ...
... different atoms. Early in the 19th century, scientists began to study the decomposition of materials and noted that some substances could not be broken down past a certain point (for instance, once separated into oxygen and hydrogen, water cannot be broken down any further). These primary substances ...
Study on high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) silicon p
... stands for photodiode fabricated on the substrate of the n-type silicon) were manufactured using standard CMOS technology. Then the properties of these devices are tested and analyzed, and finally the approaches to enhance SNR are discussed. To satisfy the various requirements concerning wavelengths ...
... stands for photodiode fabricated on the substrate of the n-type silicon) were manufactured using standard CMOS technology. Then the properties of these devices are tested and analyzed, and finally the approaches to enhance SNR are discussed. To satisfy the various requirements concerning wavelengths ...
Undergraduate Quantum Chemistry Written by Jussi Eloranta
... 1. Particle character : A source for electrons (or photons) can be set up for suitably low intensity that the detector will see them one by one. Since we can count them, they must be particles. In the case of photons such experiment can be made using the single photon counting technique. The concept ...
... 1. Particle character : A source for electrons (or photons) can be set up for suitably low intensity that the detector will see them one by one. Since we can count them, they must be particles. In the case of photons such experiment can be made using the single photon counting technique. The concept ...
X-ray fluorescence
X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is the emission of characteristic ""secondary"" (or fluorescent) X-rays from a material that has been excited by bombarding with high-energy X-rays or gamma rays. The phenomenon is widely used for elemental analysis and chemical analysis, particularly in the investigation of metals, glass, ceramics and building materials, and for research in geochemistry, forensic science and archaeology.