Structural And Functional Remodeling Of The Left Atrium: Clinical
... the Framingham Heart Study, the presence of diabetes conferred a 1.4-increased risk of AF in men and 1.6 in women.51,57 AF commonly coexists with cardiovascular risk factors that may predispose to AF. However in a meta-analysis, after adjusting for multiple risk factors for AF, the RR of AF in patie ...
... the Framingham Heart Study, the presence of diabetes conferred a 1.4-increased risk of AF in men and 1.6 in women.51,57 AF commonly coexists with cardiovascular risk factors that may predispose to AF. However in a meta-analysis, after adjusting for multiple risk factors for AF, the RR of AF in patie ...
Systematic Review: Comparative Effectiveness of Radiofrequency
... 2008 for studies of adults with atrial fibrillation who underwent radiofrequency catheter ablation. We combined keywords and Medical Subject Heading terms for atrial fibrillation, pulmonary vein, radiofrequency ablation, and catheter ablation. We limited the search to Englishlanguage reports of prim ...
... 2008 for studies of adults with atrial fibrillation who underwent radiofrequency catheter ablation. We combined keywords and Medical Subject Heading terms for atrial fibrillation, pulmonary vein, radiofrequency ablation, and catheter ablation. We limited the search to Englishlanguage reports of prim ...
Haemodynamic evaluation of pulmonary hypertension
... to mainly reflect the functional status of pulmonary vascular endothelium/smooth muscle cell coupled system [10–13]. PVR is also positively related to blood viscosity and may be influenced by changes in perivascular alveolar and pleural pressure. Pressure is independent of the size of the system, an ...
... to mainly reflect the functional status of pulmonary vascular endothelium/smooth muscle cell coupled system [10–13]. PVR is also positively related to blood viscosity and may be influenced by changes in perivascular alveolar and pleural pressure. Pressure is independent of the size of the system, an ...
Simplified Method for Vagal Effect Evaluation in Cardiac Ablation
... 1. Area of the superior right pulmonary vein GP through the left atrium (from the insertion of the right superior pulmonary vein to the interatrial septum up to the puncture area); 2. Antrum of the pulmonary veins with complete pulmonary vein isolation in the AF group; 3. Coronary sinus roof through ...
... 1. Area of the superior right pulmonary vein GP through the left atrium (from the insertion of the right superior pulmonary vein to the interatrial septum up to the puncture area); 2. Antrum of the pulmonary veins with complete pulmonary vein isolation in the AF group; 3. Coronary sinus roof through ...
Isolated Heart Perfusion Systems
... system which allows for ex vivo studies of diseases characterized by pulmonary vascular dysfunction and right heart pathophysiology. The system employs unique flow resistance and compliance chambers to faithfully mimic the in vivo cardiac preloads and afterloads for both normal and diseased states. ...
... system which allows for ex vivo studies of diseases characterized by pulmonary vascular dysfunction and right heart pathophysiology. The system employs unique flow resistance and compliance chambers to faithfully mimic the in vivo cardiac preloads and afterloads for both normal and diseased states. ...
Document
... Stimulation sites will include the RVA and RVOT, as well as the left ventricle muscle to mimic the individual univentricular pacing sites used to generate the excitation phase for ventricular contraction. The relative value of each site is currently conjectural, as different investigators report eit ...
... Stimulation sites will include the RVA and RVOT, as well as the left ventricle muscle to mimic the individual univentricular pacing sites used to generate the excitation phase for ventricular contraction. The relative value of each site is currently conjectural, as different investigators report eit ...
Atrial Fibrillation - George Washington University School of Medicine
... atrial fibrillation demonstrate that asymptomatic episodes occur more frequently than do symptomatic ones.35 Preliminary data suggest that the quality of life is significantly impaired during atrial fibrillation, as compared with the quality of life after the restoration of sinus rhythm.36 However, ...
... atrial fibrillation demonstrate that asymptomatic episodes occur more frequently than do symptomatic ones.35 Preliminary data suggest that the quality of life is significantly impaired during atrial fibrillation, as compared with the quality of life after the restoration of sinus rhythm.36 However, ...
The azygos vein pathway: an overview from anatomical variations to
... perimicrovascular pressure of elastic return measures about 8 mmHg. The combination of these two pressures generates hydrostatic pressure of filtration of about 15 mmHg, which is partially blanced by a colloid-osmotic pressure of 14 mmHg. A final filtration pressure of about 1 mmHg favours the conti ...
... perimicrovascular pressure of elastic return measures about 8 mmHg. The combination of these two pressures generates hydrostatic pressure of filtration of about 15 mmHg, which is partially blanced by a colloid-osmotic pressure of 14 mmHg. A final filtration pressure of about 1 mmHg favours the conti ...
Managing adult Fontan patients: where do we stand?
... emergency in the Fontan patient, in whom it is poorly tolerated. A possible explanation for this is that the atrial arrhythmia increases the pressure in the pulmonary venous atrium leading to a reduction in the pressure gradient down which the pulmonary blood flows. Reduction in pulmonary blood flow ...
... emergency in the Fontan patient, in whom it is poorly tolerated. A possible explanation for this is that the atrial arrhythmia increases the pressure in the pulmonary venous atrium leading to a reduction in the pressure gradient down which the pulmonary blood flows. Reduction in pulmonary blood flow ...
medSim 300B - setgad.com
... If the instrument is delivered in good physical condition but does not operate within specifications, or if there are any other problems not caused by shipping damage, please contact Fluke Biomedical or your local sales representative. Certification This instrument was thoroughly tested and inspecte ...
... If the instrument is delivered in good physical condition but does not operate within specifications, or if there are any other problems not caused by shipping damage, please contact Fluke Biomedical or your local sales representative. Certification This instrument was thoroughly tested and inspecte ...
Left Ventricular Diastolic Mechanical Dyssynchrony and Associated
... Methods and Results—We calculated a diastolic and systolic dyssynchrony index (standard deviation of time to peak tissue early diastolic/systolic velocity in 12 left ventricular segments) in 33 children with DCM and 46 control subjects. A threshold to diagnose diastolic dyssynchrony was determined, ...
... Methods and Results—We calculated a diastolic and systolic dyssynchrony index (standard deviation of time to peak tissue early diastolic/systolic velocity in 12 left ventricular segments) in 33 children with DCM and 46 control subjects. A threshold to diagnose diastolic dyssynchrony was determined, ...
ECG Monitoring of Myocardial Ischemia for Perioperative
... ventricles (Figure 4). Although repolarization already begins with the ST segment, it becomes visible in the surface ECG only with the beginning of the Twave. The end of the T-wave indicates completed repolarization. The origin of the low amplitude U-wave is still uncertain. It usually has the same ...
... ventricles (Figure 4). Although repolarization already begins with the ST segment, it becomes visible in the surface ECG only with the beginning of the Twave. The end of the T-wave indicates completed repolarization. The origin of the low amplitude U-wave is still uncertain. It usually has the same ...
Prevention of atrial fibrillation following cardiac surgery: Basis for a
... Enlargement of the left atrium during atrial fibrillation can help perpetuate the arrhythmia (Manning et al., 1994; Manning et al., 1989). Although this is reversible to some extent with maintenance of sinus rhythm, patients who have undergone valvular operation often have enlarged atria at baseline ...
... Enlargement of the left atrium during atrial fibrillation can help perpetuate the arrhythmia (Manning et al., 1994; Manning et al., 1989). Although this is reversible to some extent with maintenance of sinus rhythm, patients who have undergone valvular operation often have enlarged atria at baseline ...
The AV junction region of the heart: a comprehensive - AJP
... sleeve enclosing the bundle is most apparent in parallel sections (Fig. 2M⬘, arrows). In transverse sections, stacked profiles of fascicles comprising the bundle are clearly seen adjacent to the medial aspect of the coronary sinus wall (Fig. 4, C–F). The trajectory of the medial atrionodal bundle al ...
... sleeve enclosing the bundle is most apparent in parallel sections (Fig. 2M⬘, arrows). In transverse sections, stacked profiles of fascicles comprising the bundle are clearly seen adjacent to the medial aspect of the coronary sinus wall (Fig. 4, C–F). The trajectory of the medial atrionodal bundle al ...
Atrial Remodeling and Atrial Fibrillation
... vagal effects: Acetylcholine released from vagal nerve endings activates IKACh, which causes APD abbreviation and cell-membrane hyperpolarization. Increased vagal activity strongly promotes AF by stabilizing atrial reentrant rotors,41 and clinical AF often begins under vagotonic conditions.42 ATR al ...
... vagal effects: Acetylcholine released from vagal nerve endings activates IKACh, which causes APD abbreviation and cell-membrane hyperpolarization. Increased vagal activity strongly promotes AF by stabilizing atrial reentrant rotors,41 and clinical AF often begins under vagotonic conditions.42 ATR al ...
Chapter 96 - Extras Springer
... The first heart sound marks the onset of ventricular systole and is caused by the closing of the mitral and tricuspid valves. During AV dissociation, there is a beat-to-beat change in the loudness of the first heart sound, owing to the varying position of the AV valves at the time of ventricular con ...
... The first heart sound marks the onset of ventricular systole and is caused by the closing of the mitral and tricuspid valves. During AV dissociation, there is a beat-to-beat change in the loudness of the first heart sound, owing to the varying position of the AV valves at the time of ventricular con ...
Understanding diastolic heart failure
... Many patients who present with symptoms of heart failure are found to have a normal left ventricular ejection fraction and therefore were labelled as having “diastolic heart failure” implying that the underlying pathophysiology is due to diastolic dysfunction alone. However, using a combination of e ...
... Many patients who present with symptoms of heart failure are found to have a normal left ventricular ejection fraction and therefore were labelled as having “diastolic heart failure” implying that the underlying pathophysiology is due to diastolic dysfunction alone. However, using a combination of e ...
Personalized management of atrial fibrillation
... should be considered in patients who are currently symptomatic.29,39,40 Symptom assessment will need further review over time as symptoms will vary, and simple scores (e.g. EHRA score) have been proposed for this assessment.39,41 Depending on the degree of symptoms and patient preference, an initial ...
... should be considered in patients who are currently symptomatic.29,39,40 Symptom assessment will need further review over time as symptoms will vary, and simple scores (e.g. EHRA score) have been proposed for this assessment.39,41 Depending on the degree of symptoms and patient preference, an initial ...
Development of Heart Failure and Congenital Septal
... of cell growth, apoptosis, and tissue perfusion. Recent studies showed that mice deficient in eNOS developed abnormal aortic bicuspid valves. The aim of the present study was to additionally investigate the role of eNOS in heart development. Methods and Results—We examined postnatal mortality, cardi ...
... of cell growth, apoptosis, and tissue perfusion. Recent studies showed that mice deficient in eNOS developed abnormal aortic bicuspid valves. The aim of the present study was to additionally investigate the role of eNOS in heart development. Methods and Results—We examined postnatal mortality, cardi ...
Between Right and Left Coronary Artery in Man
... the right coronary artery), transient ischemic STsegment depression of 1 mm or more had been demonstrated during ischemic attacks when they entered the emergency room. In the remaining 10 patients ischemic ECG changes were observed in the exercise stress test. No patient had ST-segment elevation dur ...
... the right coronary artery), transient ischemic STsegment depression of 1 mm or more had been demonstrated during ischemic attacks when they entered the emergency room. In the remaining 10 patients ischemic ECG changes were observed in the exercise stress test. No patient had ST-segment elevation dur ...
Care of the Patient with Temporary Pacemaker
... looking at the pacemaker quickly when capture is lost or by counting down in your head with each click of the dial as you watch the monitor. Reduce the mA until 1:1 capture is lost, indicated by a pacemaker spike that does not produce a P or QRS wave depending on whether you are testing atrial or ve ...
... looking at the pacemaker quickly when capture is lost or by counting down in your head with each click of the dial as you watch the monitor. Reduce the mA until 1:1 capture is lost, indicated by a pacemaker spike that does not produce a P or QRS wave depending on whether you are testing atrial or ve ...
Impaired right and left ventricular diastolic
... Diastolic dysfunction in TOF may stem from impaired myocardial relaxation, decreased recoil attributable to a stiffer ventricle and dyssynchronous ventricular relaxation.3 – 6 However, assessment of RV diastolic dysfunction is difficult using Doppler flow parameters.7 Consequently, RV and LV diastol ...
... Diastolic dysfunction in TOF may stem from impaired myocardial relaxation, decreased recoil attributable to a stiffer ventricle and dyssynchronous ventricular relaxation.3 – 6 However, assessment of RV diastolic dysfunction is difficult using Doppler flow parameters.7 Consequently, RV and LV diastol ...
Fontan Operation - Hellenic Journal of Cardiology
... use of extracardiac circulation with the extracardiac conduit technique have both contributed to the success of the operation. Additionally, the fenestration technique of the baffle and the application of preliminary operations, such as the anastomosis of the superior vena cava to the right pulmonar ...
... use of extracardiac circulation with the extracardiac conduit technique have both contributed to the success of the operation. Additionally, the fenestration technique of the baffle and the application of preliminary operations, such as the anastomosis of the superior vena cava to the right pulmonar ...
Segmental Analysis I
... Segmental Alignment – Ventriculoarterial Connection Ventriculo-arterial Connection: Double Outlet RV Development of Conotruncus and DORV ...
... Segmental Alignment – Ventriculoarterial Connection Ventriculo-arterial Connection: Double Outlet RV Development of Conotruncus and DORV ...
Shape-based Matching of ECG Recordings
... and oxygenated blood enters the heart from the lungs into the left atrium (Fig. 1a). The QRS segment represents the phase of ventricular depolarization/contraction when blood enters the right and left ventricles for ejecting into the pulmonary artery and Aorta respectively. Finally, the T segment re ...
... and oxygenated blood enters the heart from the lungs into the left atrium (Fig. 1a). The QRS segment represents the phase of ventricular depolarization/contraction when blood enters the right and left ventricles for ejecting into the pulmonary artery and Aorta respectively. Finally, the T segment re ...
Lutembacher's syndrome
Lutembacher's syndrome is a form of congenital heart disease. Lutembacher's syndrome was first described by a French cardiologist by the name of Rene' Lutembacher (1884–1968) of Paris, France in 1916. Lutembacher syndrome is a rare disease that affects one of the chambers of the heart as well as a valve of the heart. Lutembacher's syndrome is known to affect females more often than males. Lutembacher is an extremely rare disease. Lutembacher's can affect children or adults; the person can either be born with the disorder or develop it later in life.Lutembacher affects more specifically the atria of the heart and the mitral or biscupid valve. The disorder itself is known more specifically as both congenital atrial septal defect (ASD) and acquired mitral stenosis (MS). Congenital (at birth) atrial septal defect refers to a hole being in the septum or wall that separates the two atria; this condition is usually seen in fetuses and infants. Mitral stenosis refers to mitral valve leaflets (or valve flaps) sticking to each other making the opening for blood to pass from the atrium to the ventricles very small. With the valve being so small, blood has difficulty passing through the left atrium into the left ventricle. There are several types of septal defects that may occur with Lutembacher's syndrome: ASD Ostium Secundum or ASD (Primium); Ostium Secundum is the most prevalent.Lutembacher is caused indirectly as the result of heart damage or disorders and not something that is necessarily infectious. Lutembacher's syndrome is caused by either birth defects where the heart fails to close all holes in the walls between the atria or from an episode of rheumatic fever where damage is done to the heart valves such as the mitral valve and resultant in an opening of heart wall between atria. With Lutembacher's syndrome, a fetus or infant is usually seen to have a hole in their heart wall (interatrial) separating their right and left atria. Normally during fetal development, blood bypasses the lungs and is oxygenated from the placenta. Blood passes from the umbilical cord and flows into the left atrium through an opening called the foramen ovale; the formaen ovale is a hole between the two atria. Once a baby is born and the lungs begin to fill with air and the blood flow of the heart changes, a tissue flap (somewhat like a trap door) called the septum primium closes the foramen ovale or hole between the two atria and becomes part of the atrial wall. The failure of the hole between the two atria to close after birth leads to a disorder called ASD primium. The most common problems with an opening found in the heart with Lutembacher's syndrome is Ostium Secundum. Ostium Secundum is a hole that is found within the flap of tissue (septum primium) that will eventually close the hole between the two atria after birth. With either type of ASD, ASD will usually cause the blood flow from the right atrium to skip going to the right ventricle and instead flow to the left atrium. If mitral stenosis (the hardening of flap of tissue known as a valve which opens and closes between the left atrium and ventricle to control blood flow) is also present, blood will flow into the right atrium through the hole between the atria wall instead of flowing into the left ventricle and systemic circulation. Eventually this leads to other problems such as the right ventricle failing and a reduced blood flow to the left ventricle.In addition to the ASD, acquired MS can be present either from an episode of rheumatic fever (the mother has or had rheumatic fever during the pregnancy) or the child being born with the disorder (congenital MS). With the combination of both ASD and MS, the heart can be under severe strain as it tries to move blood throughout the heart and lungs. To correct Lutembacher's syndrome, surgery is often done. There are several types of surgeries depending on the cause of Lutembacher's syndrome(ASD Primium or ASD Ostium Secundum with Mitral Stenosis): Suturing (stitching) or placing a patch of tissue (similar to skin grafting) over the hole to completely close the opening Reconstructing of the mitral and tricuspid valve while patching any holes in the heart Device closure of ASD (e.g. Amplatzer umbrella or CardioSEAL to seal the hole Percutaneous transcatheter therapy Transcatheter therapy of balloon valvuloplasty to correct MS↑ ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 ↑ ↑ ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 ↑