Diagnosis and management of acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease in Australia
... Jones criteria and the more recent World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. In this guideline, the Jones and WHO criteria have been further modified to form the 2006 Australian criteria for the diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever. Many medical practitioners in Australia have never seen a case of ARF, ...
... Jones criteria and the more recent World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. In this guideline, the Jones and WHO criteria have been further modified to form the 2006 Australian criteria for the diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever. Many medical practitioners in Australia have never seen a case of ARF, ...
Cardiovascular end-organ damage in response to increased blood
... mean arterial pressure from day to day; however, blood pressure does fluctuate depending on the time of day, the phase of the respiratory cycle, or in response to physical or psychological stressors. Having chronically elevated mean arterial pressure, or hypertension, is positively associated with p ...
... mean arterial pressure from day to day; however, blood pressure does fluctuate depending on the time of day, the phase of the respiratory cycle, or in response to physical or psychological stressors. Having chronically elevated mean arterial pressure, or hypertension, is positively associated with p ...
INCIDENCE, PREDICTORS AND OUTCOMES OF MYOCARDIAL
... aortic cross-clamping and cardioplegia. Even so, the procedure involves some degree of myocardial injury due to tissue compression, caused by the balloon and valve prosthesis, as well as several short episodes of extreme hypotension and global ischemia, during rapid ventricular pacing and valve depl ...
... aortic cross-clamping and cardioplegia. Even so, the procedure involves some degree of myocardial injury due to tissue compression, caused by the balloon and valve prosthesis, as well as several short episodes of extreme hypotension and global ischemia, during rapid ventricular pacing and valve depl ...
Recommendations for the Evaluation of Left Ventricular Diastolic
... for the maximum time for LV filling. This theoretically optimal situation is approached by the cyclic interaction of myofilaments and assumes competent mitral and aortic valves. Diastole starts at aortic valve closure and includes LV pressure fall, rapid filling, diastasis (at slower heart rates), a ...
... for the maximum time for LV filling. This theoretically optimal situation is approached by the cyclic interaction of myofilaments and assumes competent mitral and aortic valves. Diastole starts at aortic valve closure and includes LV pressure fall, rapid filling, diastasis (at slower heart rates), a ...
THE EFFECT OF EXERCISE TRAINING ON THE AUTONOMIC
... short-term HRV, females with RA showed less variability compared to a healthy ageand sex matched control group. An inability of the autonomic nervous system to efficiently compensate to internal and external environmental changes may predispose RA patients to arrhythmias thereby increasing cardiovas ...
... short-term HRV, females with RA showed less variability compared to a healthy ageand sex matched control group. An inability of the autonomic nervous system to efficiently compensate to internal and external environmental changes may predispose RA patients to arrhythmias thereby increasing cardiovas ...
Negative Inotropic and Chronotropic Effects of Oxytocin
... significant decrease in both beating rate and force of contraction. The effects developed rapidly, beginning within 40 seconds, which corresponded to transit time through the dead space of the tubing. The effects were transient, reaching a minimum then returning to the basal value within 80 seconds ...
... significant decrease in both beating rate and force of contraction. The effects developed rapidly, beginning within 40 seconds, which corresponded to transit time through the dead space of the tubing. The effects were transient, reaching a minimum then returning to the basal value within 80 seconds ...
The sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome depresses waking vagal M.F. Hilton , M.J. Chappell
... waking hours is poorly defined. The principal that autonomic dysfunction during wakefulness in SAHS patients is sympathetically or parasympathetically mediated was tested. To address previous limitations, the daytime (waking) autonomic function of SAHS subjects (without known comorbidity) was compar ...
... waking hours is poorly defined. The principal that autonomic dysfunction during wakefulness in SAHS patients is sympathetically or parasympathetically mediated was tested. To address previous limitations, the daytime (waking) autonomic function of SAHS subjects (without known comorbidity) was compar ...
Cardiac Sympathetic Innervation Via the Middle Cervical and
... ganglia (2) electrophysiological and anti-arrhythmic effects of CSD, including VT inducibility, ...
... ganglia (2) electrophysiological and anti-arrhythmic effects of CSD, including VT inducibility, ...
cellular update From syncitium to regulated pump: a cardiac muscle
... can represent findings that are decades old or more contemporary classic papers such as original experiments related to the discovery of Ca2⫹ sparks (3). This approach has allowed for the prioritization of necessary core concepts while assuring exposure to evolving information to expand currently ac ...
... can represent findings that are decades old or more contemporary classic papers such as original experiments related to the discovery of Ca2⫹ sparks (3). This approach has allowed for the prioritization of necessary core concepts while assuring exposure to evolving information to expand currently ac ...
Exercise Training, Genetics And Heart Failure
... The aim of the present thesis was to examine the effects of exercise training, gene variants and the interaction between both on left ventricular function, left ventricular structure and exercise tolerance in heart failure patients. Heart failure patients with preserved, mild and moderate to severe ...
... The aim of the present thesis was to examine the effects of exercise training, gene variants and the interaction between both on left ventricular function, left ventricular structure and exercise tolerance in heart failure patients. Heart failure patients with preserved, mild and moderate to severe ...
View PDF - University of Bristol
... Reperfusion of the heart after a period of ischaemia leads to the opening of a nonspecific pore in the inner mitochondrial membrane, known as the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP). This transition causes mitochondria to become uncoupled and capable of hydrolysing rather than synthesi ...
... Reperfusion of the heart after a period of ischaemia leads to the opening of a nonspecific pore in the inner mitochondrial membrane, known as the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP). This transition causes mitochondria to become uncoupled and capable of hydrolysing rather than synthesi ...
5 Precordial Pulsations
... individual papillary muscle groups. It is possible that the asymmetrical attachment of the mitral apparatus to the left ventricle may result in an asymmetrical pull on the papillary muscles with a stronger pull on the antero-lateral papillary muscle group and the underlying left ventricular myocardi ...
... individual papillary muscle groups. It is possible that the asymmetrical attachment of the mitral apparatus to the left ventricle may result in an asymmetrical pull on the papillary muscles with a stronger pull on the antero-lateral papillary muscle group and the underlying left ventricular myocardi ...
Mechanisms of Long-Duration Ventricular€Fibrillation in Human
... in vivo and ex vivo models. These studies suggest that SDVF is most frequently characterized by transmural scroll wave activation, with intramural re-entry most often localizing to regions with greater fibrosis (6,7). In the clinical setting, it is at these earlier phases of cardiac arrest (SDVF) tha ...
... in vivo and ex vivo models. These studies suggest that SDVF is most frequently characterized by transmural scroll wave activation, with intramural re-entry most often localizing to regions with greater fibrosis (6,7). In the clinical setting, it is at these earlier phases of cardiac arrest (SDVF) tha ...
New Insights into Mechanisms of Atrial Fibrillation
... of 80 years (Fuster et al. 2006). AF is associated with decreased quality of life, increased morbidity and a 30 % higher risk of death (Benjamin et al. 1998), and thus is a major contributor to cardiovascular mortality. Up to 15 % of all strokes are attributable to this disorder. AF is characterized ...
... of 80 years (Fuster et al. 2006). AF is associated with decreased quality of life, increased morbidity and a 30 % higher risk of death (Benjamin et al. 1998), and thus is a major contributor to cardiovascular mortality. Up to 15 % of all strokes are attributable to this disorder. AF is characterized ...
Full version (PDF file)
... papillary muscle contraction force at 0.1 mmol/l. Propofol did not affect action potential duration at any concentration studied. Our study suggests that mechanisms contributing to the impaired myocardial contraction during propofol anesthesia might include ...
... papillary muscle contraction force at 0.1 mmol/l. Propofol did not affect action potential duration at any concentration studied. Our study suggests that mechanisms contributing to the impaired myocardial contraction during propofol anesthesia might include ...
Mechanical Interactions between Four Heart Chambers with and
... intact, we investigated mechanical interactions between the four heart chambers from the standpoint of ventricular pressure-volume relationships. The interactions investigated were those between (1) the atrium and the ventricle, (2) the right ventricle and left ventricles, (3) the atrium and one ven ...
... intact, we investigated mechanical interactions between the four heart chambers from the standpoint of ventricular pressure-volume relationships. The interactions investigated were those between (1) the atrium and the ventricle, (2) the right ventricle and left ventricles, (3) the atrium and one ven ...
Heart rate variability decreases with age - Core
... marker of a number of pathophysiologic conditions, including increased risk of mortality (1– 6). Cutpoints for increased risk of mortality also have been proposed (2,3,7). However, the use of HRV for predictive purposes in the clinical setting must take into account the impact of a number of importa ...
... marker of a number of pathophysiologic conditions, including increased risk of mortality (1– 6). Cutpoints for increased risk of mortality also have been proposed (2,3,7). However, the use of HRV for predictive purposes in the clinical setting must take into account the impact of a number of importa ...
Print - Circulation Research
... lack of a common definition of VT, the different physiological states of the hearts in various studies, and the different methods used to initiate VTs. Thus, the interruption of VT by STS may well depend on the nature of the VT. In turn, the most common cause of VT is reentry, and at least three mec ...
... lack of a common definition of VT, the different physiological states of the hearts in various studies, and the different methods used to initiate VTs. Thus, the interruption of VT by STS may well depend on the nature of the VT. In turn, the most common cause of VT is reentry, and at least three mec ...
Photoplethysmography and its application in clinical
... The wavelength of optical radiation is also important in light–tissue interactions (Cui et al 1990), and for three main reasons: (1) The optical water window: the main constituent of tissue is water that absorbs light very strongly in the ultraviolet and the longer infrared wavelengths. The shorter ...
... The wavelength of optical radiation is also important in light–tissue interactions (Cui et al 1990), and for three main reasons: (1) The optical water window: the main constituent of tissue is water that absorbs light very strongly in the ultraviolet and the longer infrared wavelengths. The shorter ...
Inappropriate ICD Shocks_Incidence, Predictors and
... 64% had ischemic heart disease. Baseline patient characteristics are summarized in Table 1. Incidence of inappropriate shocks. During the follow-up period of 41 ⫾ 18 months, 204 of 1,544 patients (13%) experienced a total of 665 inappropriate ICD shocks. The average time from implantation to first i ...
... 64% had ischemic heart disease. Baseline patient characteristics are summarized in Table 1. Incidence of inappropriate shocks. During the follow-up period of 41 ⫾ 18 months, 204 of 1,544 patients (13%) experienced a total of 665 inappropriate ICD shocks. The average time from implantation to first i ...
AHA Scientific Statement
... Americans; a growing epidemic of diabetes, obesity, and physical inactivity among the general population; and a greater prevalence of heart failure patients.3 When considered independently from other cardiovascular diseases, stroke continues to be the third leading cause of death in the United State ...
... Americans; a growing epidemic of diabetes, obesity, and physical inactivity among the general population; and a greater prevalence of heart failure patients.3 When considered independently from other cardiovascular diseases, stroke continues to be the third leading cause of death in the United State ...
The Fontan circulation after 45 years: update in
... physiological.8 In this situation, the ventricle is no longer controlling the cardiac output nor can it decrease the extent of congestion in the systemic veins; the role of the ventricle is reduced to pump the output allowed by the Fontan. However, the ventricle can (and will in time) deteriorate as ...
... physiological.8 In this situation, the ventricle is no longer controlling the cardiac output nor can it decrease the extent of congestion in the systemic veins; the role of the ventricle is reduced to pump the output allowed by the Fontan. However, the ventricle can (and will in time) deteriorate as ...
Magnesium, The Forgotten Mineral
... occurs, the blood vessels then reflexively open or dilate. When the vessels become dilated, they occupy more space in the brain, which activates nearby pain receptors.” The result is the stabbing pain, nausea, and sensitivity to light and sound many migraine sufferers report. “Recent evidence sugges ...
... occurs, the blood vessels then reflexively open or dilate. When the vessels become dilated, they occupy more space in the brain, which activates nearby pain receptors.” The result is the stabbing pain, nausea, and sensitivity to light and sound many migraine sufferers report. “Recent evidence sugges ...
the lethal hazard of prone restraint: positional asphyxiation
... deaths related to the use of restraints. These include 12 reports received by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) (formerly the Health Care Financing Administration) since August 1999, pursuant to regulations on Patients’ Rights and Conditions of Participation for Hospitals in Medic ...
... deaths related to the use of restraints. These include 12 reports received by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) (formerly the Health Care Financing Administration) since August 1999, pursuant to regulations on Patients’ Rights and Conditions of Participation for Hospitals in Medic ...
Molecular distinction between physiological and pathological
... heart failure (Levy et al., 1990). Cardiac hypertrophy is also an independent risk factor for myocardial infarction, arrhythmia and sudden death (Levy et al., 1990). In response to a chronic increase in load, there is an initial increase in heart mass to normalize wall stress and permit normal cardi ...
... heart failure (Levy et al., 1990). Cardiac hypertrophy is also an independent risk factor for myocardial infarction, arrhythmia and sudden death (Levy et al., 1990). In response to a chronic increase in load, there is an initial increase in heart mass to normalize wall stress and permit normal cardi ...
Myocardial infarction
Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow stops to a part of the heart causing damage to the heart muscle. The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. Often it is in the center or left side of the chest and lasts for more than a few minutes. The discomfort may occasionally feel like heartburn. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, feeling faint, a cold sweat, or feeling tired. About 30% of people have atypical symptoms, with women more likely than men to present atypically. Among those over 75 years old, about 5% have had an MI with little or no history of symptoms. An MI may cause heart failure, an irregular heartbeat, or cardiac arrest.Most MIs occur due to coronary artery disease. Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol intake, among others. The mechanism of an MI often involves the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque, leading to complete blockage of a coronary artery. MIs are less commonly caused by coronary artery spasms, which may be due to cocaine, significant emotional stress, and extreme cold, among others. A number of tests are useful to help with diagnosis, including electrocardiograms (ECGs), blood tests, and coronary angiography. An ECG may confirm an ST elevation MI if ST elevation is present. Commonly used blood tests include troponin and less often creatine kinase MB.Aspirin is an appropriate immediate treatment for a suspected MI. Nitroglycerin or opioids may be used to help with chest pain; however, they do not improve overall outcomes. Supplemental oxygen should be used in those with low oxygen levels or shortness of breath. In ST elevation MIs treatments which attempt to restore blood flow to the heart are typically recommended and include angioplasty, where the arteries are pushed open, or thrombolysis, where the blockage is removed using medications. People who have a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) are often managed with the blood thinner heparin, with the additional use angioplasty in those at high risk. In people with blockages of multiple coronary arteries and diabetes, bypass surgery (CABG) may be recommended rather than angioplasty. After an MI, lifestyle modifications, along with long term treatment with aspirin, beta blockers, and statins, are typically recommended.Worldwide, more than 3 million people have ST elevation MIs and 4 million have NSTEMIs each year. STEMIs occur about twice as often in men as women. About one million people have an MI each year in the United States. In the developed world the risk of death in those who have had an STEMI is about 10%. Rates of MI for a given age have decreased globally between 1990 and 2010.