New Molecular Insights of Insulin in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy
... FIGURE 1 | Insulin signaling in the normal heart and diabetic cardiomyopathy. (A) Insulin binding to its receptor (insulin receptor, IR) promotes a biphasic [Ca2+ ]i response in cardiomyocytes. The first phase of insulin-dependent [Ca2+ ]i increase involves extracellular Ca2+ influx through L-type c ...
... FIGURE 1 | Insulin signaling in the normal heart and diabetic cardiomyopathy. (A) Insulin binding to its receptor (insulin receptor, IR) promotes a biphasic [Ca2+ ]i response in cardiomyocytes. The first phase of insulin-dependent [Ca2+ ]i increase involves extracellular Ca2+ influx through L-type c ...
Objective and Subjective Analysis of Left Ventricular
... measurements is not systematic but rather due to random variability in the assessments of subjective observers. Akinesis, hypokinesis, and dyskinesis are easily defined in qualitative terms but several problems become apparent in clinical application. Various reference systems have been proposed for ...
... measurements is not systematic but rather due to random variability in the assessments of subjective observers. Akinesis, hypokinesis, and dyskinesis are easily defined in qualitative terms but several problems become apparent in clinical application. Various reference systems have been proposed for ...
Expert Consensus for Multimodality Imaging Evaluation of
... second, in many instances, these agents have been continued for decades, without the progressive cardiac dysfunction that would be expected with type I agents. Finally, functional recovery of myocardial function is frequently (albeit not invariably) seen after their interruption, assuming a type I a ...
... second, in many instances, these agents have been continued for decades, without the progressive cardiac dysfunction that would be expected with type I agents. Finally, functional recovery of myocardial function is frequently (albeit not invariably) seen after their interruption, assuming a type I a ...
PDF - Circulation Research
... supplemental oxygen was given or respiratory rate was changed if necessary. In addition, indomethacin (1 mg/kg i.v.) was given to the support rabbits to maintain their mean arterial pressure at more than 60 mm Hg. This dose of indomethacin was effective in improving the support rabbits' arterial pre ...
... supplemental oxygen was given or respiratory rate was changed if necessary. In addition, indomethacin (1 mg/kg i.v.) was given to the support rabbits to maintain their mean arterial pressure at more than 60 mm Hg. This dose of indomethacin was effective in improving the support rabbits' arterial pre ...
PDF Full-text
... Rotary blood pumps consist of an inlet and outlet with a single rotating element (impeller) that transfers energy to the blood in order to increase arterial blood flow and pressure. These devices can be axial, radial (centrifugal) and diagonal (mixed flow) according to the geometry of the impeller. ...
... Rotary blood pumps consist of an inlet and outlet with a single rotating element (impeller) that transfers energy to the blood in order to increase arterial blood flow and pressure. These devices can be axial, radial (centrifugal) and diagonal (mixed flow) according to the geometry of the impeller. ...
The Use of Digoxin in Patients With Worsening Chronic Heart Failure
... Digoxin is the oldest cardiac drug still in contemporary use, yet its role in the management of patients with heart failure (HF) remains controversial. A purified cardiac glycoside derived from the foxglove plant, digoxin increases ejection fraction, augments cardiac output, and reduces pulmonary cap ...
... Digoxin is the oldest cardiac drug still in contemporary use, yet its role in the management of patients with heart failure (HF) remains controversial. A purified cardiac glycoside derived from the foxglove plant, digoxin increases ejection fraction, augments cardiac output, and reduces pulmonary cap ...
Physics of Cardiac Arrhythmogenesis
... studies of the giant squid axon conducted by Hodgkin and Huxley (HH), who also provided a mathematical framework to describe this propagation. Similar mechanisms govern electrical excitation in heart tissue, and extensions of the HH equations have been developed over the years to incorporate a growi ...
... studies of the giant squid axon conducted by Hodgkin and Huxley (HH), who also provided a mathematical framework to describe this propagation. Similar mechanisms govern electrical excitation in heart tissue, and extensions of the HH equations have been developed over the years to incorporate a growi ...
Increases Left-to-Right Ventricular Systolic Interaction
... coupling between the right and left ventricles via the shared interventricular septum, common muscle fibers in the free walls, and the pericardium. It is useful to further subdivide anatomic mechanical interactions into those occurring during diastole and systole. Systolic ventricular interaction is ...
... coupling between the right and left ventricles via the shared interventricular septum, common muscle fibers in the free walls, and the pericardium. It is useful to further subdivide anatomic mechanical interactions into those occurring during diastole and systole. Systolic ventricular interaction is ...
View/Open
... coupling represents the function of both the ventricle and the arterial system, so it is reasonable to evaluate PD E III inhibitor which affects both the ventricle and the arterial system from the viewpoint of ventriculoarterial coupling. Several studies have analyzed human hearts with local ischemi ...
... coupling represents the function of both the ventricle and the arterial system, so it is reasonable to evaluate PD E III inhibitor which affects both the ventricle and the arterial system from the viewpoint of ventriculoarterial coupling. Several studies have analyzed human hearts with local ischemi ...
Images and Case Reports in Heart Failure
... nose of the delivery catheter, which would permit advancement close to the LVAD pump mechanism. Because of a delivery catheter shaft length of only 55 cm, a left axillary artery approach was chosen for device delivery. The left axillary artery was exposed via an infraclavicular incision. An 8 mm Dac ...
... nose of the delivery catheter, which would permit advancement close to the LVAD pump mechanism. Because of a delivery catheter shaft length of only 55 cm, a left axillary artery approach was chosen for device delivery. The left axillary artery was exposed via an infraclavicular incision. An 8 mm Dac ...
Triage® BNP Test Product Insert
... The Alere Triage® BNP Test is a single use fluorescence immunoassay device designed to determine the concentration of BNP in EDTA anticoagulated whole blood or plasma specimens. The test procedure involves the addition of several drops of an EDTA anticoagulated whole blood or plasma specimen to the ...
... The Alere Triage® BNP Test is a single use fluorescence immunoassay device designed to determine the concentration of BNP in EDTA anticoagulated whole blood or plasma specimens. The test procedure involves the addition of several drops of an EDTA anticoagulated whole blood or plasma specimen to the ...
Endovascular Treatment of Isolated Bilateral Internal Ili
... revealed a leaking 46-mm aneurysm in the right IIA, a 27-mm aneurysm in the left IIA, and ectatic changes at a diameter of 31 mm in the right common iliac artery (CIA). Due to lower rates of morbidity and mortality, an endovascular approach was chosen instead of open surgical repair. However, due to ...
... revealed a leaking 46-mm aneurysm in the right IIA, a 27-mm aneurysm in the left IIA, and ectatic changes at a diameter of 31 mm in the right common iliac artery (CIA). Due to lower rates of morbidity and mortality, an endovascular approach was chosen instead of open surgical repair. However, due to ...
Normal Physiology Normal Physiology Specialty 7.1101067 "Dentist
... catch cool less often comparing to his friend, who doesn't like sports. What functional processes cause higher resistance of sportsman? A. Cross-adaptation B. Young age C. Readaptation D. Atonia E. Neither ANSWER: A ...
... catch cool less often comparing to his friend, who doesn't like sports. What functional processes cause higher resistance of sportsman? A. Cross-adaptation B. Young age C. Readaptation D. Atonia E. Neither ANSWER: A ...
Provocation of Ventricular Ectopy by Cheyne-Stokes
... reported series.1,2 Growing evidence indicates that CSR-CSA is part of a vicious pathophysiologic cycle involving the cardiovascular, pulmonary, and autonomic nervous systems that ultimately contributes to increased mortality among patients with HF.3-5 Ventricular premature beats (VPB) are a risk fa ...
... reported series.1,2 Growing evidence indicates that CSR-CSA is part of a vicious pathophysiologic cycle involving the cardiovascular, pulmonary, and autonomic nervous systems that ultimately contributes to increased mortality among patients with HF.3-5 Ventricular premature beats (VPB) are a risk fa ...
A review of heart chamber segmentation for structural and functional
... Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) consistently rank among the top major causes of morbidity and mortality. In 2008, 17.3 million people died due to CVDs worldwide, accounting for 30 % of total deaths [1]. Of these cases, about 7.3 million were due to coronary heart disease, and 6.2 million were due to ...
... Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) consistently rank among the top major causes of morbidity and mortality. In 2008, 17.3 million people died due to CVDs worldwide, accounting for 30 % of total deaths [1]. Of these cases, about 7.3 million were due to coronary heart disease, and 6.2 million were due to ...
Time-dependent remodeling of transmural architecture underlying
... block of tissue in the implanted bead set was carefully removed from the ventricular wall, with the edges of the block cut parallel to the local circumferential, longitudinal, and radial axes of the LV as determined from the same epicardial markers used for the strain analysis. The transmural thickn ...
... block of tissue in the implanted bead set was carefully removed from the ventricular wall, with the edges of the block cut parallel to the local circumferential, longitudinal, and radial axes of the LV as determined from the same epicardial markers used for the strain analysis. The transmural thickn ...
Fluid–structure interaction modeling of aortic valve stenosis at
... the fluid velocity is equal to the structural timedependent deformation and the forces on the solid are induced through flow conditions [11–32]. Donea et al. [10] used an Arbitrary-Lagrange–Euler (ALE) mesh to discretize governing equations in their transient FSI modeling. According to the presented ...
... the fluid velocity is equal to the structural timedependent deformation and the forces on the solid are induced through flow conditions [11–32]. Donea et al. [10] used an Arbitrary-Lagrange–Euler (ALE) mesh to discretize governing equations in their transient FSI modeling. According to the presented ...
Codification and Application of a Well-Founded Heart
... are: (i) how to represent that although the electrical impulse that triggers a ventricular contraction is the sinoatrial (SA) impulse, the atrioventricular (AV) impulse also contributes (and often indispensably) in such a contraction; (ii) how to state that the heart’s role as a blood pump is contin ...
... are: (i) how to represent that although the electrical impulse that triggers a ventricular contraction is the sinoatrial (SA) impulse, the atrioventricular (AV) impulse also contributes (and often indispensably) in such a contraction; (ii) how to state that the heart’s role as a blood pump is contin ...
Clinical Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Adult
... pulmonary artery and descending aorta. In the fetus, this conduit allows blood to bypass the high-resistance and non-functional pulmonary circulation. The shunt normally closes spontaneously in the neonate, typically within 1 week after birth (17, 31). However, persistent patent ductus arteriosus (P ...
... pulmonary artery and descending aorta. In the fetus, this conduit allows blood to bypass the high-resistance and non-functional pulmonary circulation. The shunt normally closes spontaneously in the neonate, typically within 1 week after birth (17, 31). However, persistent patent ductus arteriosus (P ...
Ventricular Arrhythmias in the Absence of Structural Heart Disease
... origin in the heart, and the most common areas are the ventricular outflow tracts and left ventricular fascicles. The morphology of the QRS complexes on electrocardiogram is an excellent tool to identify the site of origin of the rhythm. Although these arrhythmias are common and generally carry an e ...
... origin in the heart, and the most common areas are the ventricular outflow tracts and left ventricular fascicles. The morphology of the QRS complexes on electrocardiogram is an excellent tool to identify the site of origin of the rhythm. Although these arrhythmias are common and generally carry an e ...
Subpulmonary Obstruction Due to Aneurysmal Ventricular Septum
... normally related great arteries36,38 and constitute one of the most common mechanisms by which the ventricular septal defects close spontaneously. Although popularly called “ventricular septal aneurysm,” it may not be a true aneurysm, nor derived from the ventricular septum. The origin of the aneury ...
... normally related great arteries36,38 and constitute one of the most common mechanisms by which the ventricular septal defects close spontaneously. Although popularly called “ventricular septal aneurysm,” it may not be a true aneurysm, nor derived from the ventricular septum. The origin of the aneury ...
The effect of exercise training on transverse tubules in normal
... adaptation occurred throughout the length of the cell. Finally, the FFT analysis indicated that spacing between individual T-tubules remained constant during physiologic hypertrophy, and that the distance between individual T-tubules was 1.8– 1.9 mm both before and after exercise training (Fig. 2A, ...
... adaptation occurred throughout the length of the cell. Finally, the FFT analysis indicated that spacing between individual T-tubules remained constant during physiologic hypertrophy, and that the distance between individual T-tubules was 1.8– 1.9 mm both before and after exercise training (Fig. 2A, ...
Heart Sound Analysis for Cardiac Pathology Identification: Detection
... its importance due to the rise of new technologies such as the echocardiogram. This has turned the digital analysis of heart sounds an evolving field of study as attempts are made to create decision support systems capable of diminishing hospital costs and helping physicians in the first screening t ...
... its importance due to the rise of new technologies such as the echocardiogram. This has turned the digital analysis of heart sounds an evolving field of study as attempts are made to create decision support systems capable of diminishing hospital costs and helping physicians in the first screening t ...
Myocardial infarction
Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow stops to a part of the heart causing damage to the heart muscle. The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. Often it is in the center or left side of the chest and lasts for more than a few minutes. The discomfort may occasionally feel like heartburn. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, feeling faint, a cold sweat, or feeling tired. About 30% of people have atypical symptoms, with women more likely than men to present atypically. Among those over 75 years old, about 5% have had an MI with little or no history of symptoms. An MI may cause heart failure, an irregular heartbeat, or cardiac arrest.Most MIs occur due to coronary artery disease. Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol intake, among others. The mechanism of an MI often involves the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque, leading to complete blockage of a coronary artery. MIs are less commonly caused by coronary artery spasms, which may be due to cocaine, significant emotional stress, and extreme cold, among others. A number of tests are useful to help with diagnosis, including electrocardiograms (ECGs), blood tests, and coronary angiography. An ECG may confirm an ST elevation MI if ST elevation is present. Commonly used blood tests include troponin and less often creatine kinase MB.Aspirin is an appropriate immediate treatment for a suspected MI. Nitroglycerin or opioids may be used to help with chest pain; however, they do not improve overall outcomes. Supplemental oxygen should be used in those with low oxygen levels or shortness of breath. In ST elevation MIs treatments which attempt to restore blood flow to the heart are typically recommended and include angioplasty, where the arteries are pushed open, or thrombolysis, where the blockage is removed using medications. People who have a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) are often managed with the blood thinner heparin, with the additional use angioplasty in those at high risk. In people with blockages of multiple coronary arteries and diabetes, bypass surgery (CABG) may be recommended rather than angioplasty. After an MI, lifestyle modifications, along with long term treatment with aspirin, beta blockers, and statins, are typically recommended.Worldwide, more than 3 million people have ST elevation MIs and 4 million have NSTEMIs each year. STEMIs occur about twice as often in men as women. About one million people have an MI each year in the United States. In the developed world the risk of death in those who have had an STEMI is about 10%. Rates of MI for a given age have decreased globally between 1990 and 2010.