capillaries
... Blood from the arterioles enters the capillary bed where exchange of substances occurs. ...
... Blood from the arterioles enters the capillary bed where exchange of substances occurs. ...
Chapter 19 Lecture Outline
... – Pain caused by ischemia of cardiac muscle – Obstruction partially blocks blood flow – Myocardium shifts to anaerobic fermentation, producing lactic acid and thus stimulating pain ...
... – Pain caused by ischemia of cardiac muscle – Obstruction partially blocks blood flow – Myocardium shifts to anaerobic fermentation, producing lactic acid and thus stimulating pain ...
Student Learning Outcomes/Review Sheet for Exam/Unit #4
... Recall the pathological conditions discussed in the packet and from class; for example: o arrhythmias – pgs. 412 – 414 use: defibrillator – cardioversion o CHF o CAD o cardiac arrest – sudden, unexpected stoppage of the heart ...
... Recall the pathological conditions discussed in the packet and from class; for example: o arrhythmias – pgs. 412 – 414 use: defibrillator – cardioversion o CHF o CAD o cardiac arrest – sudden, unexpected stoppage of the heart ...
Cardiac Output and its measurements
... Venous O2 = Mixed venous blood VO2 = Oxygen consumption • Fick Principle relies on the total uptake of a substances by peripheral tissue is equal to the product of blood flow to the peripheral tissue and arterial – venous concentration difference of the substances • Fick cardiac outputs are infreque ...
... Venous O2 = Mixed venous blood VO2 = Oxygen consumption • Fick Principle relies on the total uptake of a substances by peripheral tissue is equal to the product of blood flow to the peripheral tissue and arterial – venous concentration difference of the substances • Fick cardiac outputs are infreque ...
Nonlinear Cardiac Dynamics
... aside, some reports in the literature erroneously label as adjustable fixed parameters those observables which are in reality fluctuating physiological variables [7]. Heart rate can be detected manually by palpitation of the radial systolic pulse or automatically measured from an intravascular cathe ...
... aside, some reports in the literature erroneously label as adjustable fixed parameters those observables which are in reality fluctuating physiological variables [7]. Heart rate can be detected manually by palpitation of the radial systolic pulse or automatically measured from an intravascular cathe ...
online supplementary materials
... face,weight loss with increased appetite, fast heart rate, localized abdominal bruit to the left or right of the midline, decreased blood pressure in the lower extremities or abrupt episodes of hypertension accompanied by headache, palpitations). There is no patient with the diagnosis of resistant h ...
... face,weight loss with increased appetite, fast heart rate, localized abdominal bruit to the left or right of the midline, decreased blood pressure in the lower extremities or abrupt episodes of hypertension accompanied by headache, palpitations). There is no patient with the diagnosis of resistant h ...
Design and methods
... ensuring that odds ratios generated from logistic regression models to predict elevated CRP level would be roughly interpretable as relative risks. The regression analyses were performed as follows. The explanatory variables were first tested 1 by 1 against the dependent variable for the presence of ...
... ensuring that odds ratios generated from logistic regression models to predict elevated CRP level would be roughly interpretable as relative risks. The regression analyses were performed as follows. The explanatory variables were first tested 1 by 1 against the dependent variable for the presence of ...
Cardiac Knowledge Notes - Rainier Health Network
... the insertion of an ICD. The rhythms that are typically “lethal” are ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia. It is well known that patients that have Heart Failure or Left Ventricular Dysfunction are at higher than normal risk for developing these lethal rhythms. The ICD is programmed ...
... the insertion of an ICD. The rhythms that are typically “lethal” are ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia. It is well known that patients that have Heart Failure or Left Ventricular Dysfunction are at higher than normal risk for developing these lethal rhythms. The ICD is programmed ...
chapt19_student - Human Anatomy and Physiology
... Nerve Supply to Heart • sympathetic nerves (raise heart rate) – sympathetic pathway to the heart originates in the lower cervical to upper thoracic segments of the spinal cord – continues to adjacent sympathetic chain ganglia – some pass through cardiac plexus in mediastinum – continue as cardiac n ...
... Nerve Supply to Heart • sympathetic nerves (raise heart rate) – sympathetic pathway to the heart originates in the lower cervical to upper thoracic segments of the spinal cord – continues to adjacent sympathetic chain ganglia – some pass through cardiac plexus in mediastinum – continue as cardiac n ...
SUNY ESF CPR/AED Program
... fibrillating heart rhythm through adhesive pads on a victim's chest, judges whether defibrillation is needed, and then delivers a measured shock. The shock stuns the heart muscle, which gives it the opportunity to resume beating ...
... fibrillating heart rhythm through adhesive pads on a victim's chest, judges whether defibrillation is needed, and then delivers a measured shock. The shock stuns the heart muscle, which gives it the opportunity to resume beating ...
Sheep Heart Dissection (v1)
... enters the right ventricle through the one-way tricuspid valve. The pulmonary trunk, carrying blood low in oxygen and high in carbon dioxide to the lungs, exits the right ventricle and curves toward the left side of the heart. Blood pumped into the pulmonary trunk is prevented from returning to the ...
... enters the right ventricle through the one-way tricuspid valve. The pulmonary trunk, carrying blood low in oxygen and high in carbon dioxide to the lungs, exits the right ventricle and curves toward the left side of the heart. Blood pumped into the pulmonary trunk is prevented from returning to the ...
Familial Incidence of Atrial Septal Defect
... showed a ventricular septal defect (VSD) and pulmonary stenosis, respectively, as associated defects. In our series ASD was the only defect (Table 1). The fifth sibling who died at two years of age in congestive heart failure had in all likelihood a complex heart abnormality. This is believed to be ...
... showed a ventricular septal defect (VSD) and pulmonary stenosis, respectively, as associated defects. In our series ASD was the only defect (Table 1). The fifth sibling who died at two years of age in congestive heart failure had in all likelihood a complex heart abnormality. This is believed to be ...
Familial Incidence of Atrial Septal Defect
... showed a ventricular septal defect (VSD) and pulmonary stenosis, respectively, as associated defects. In our series ASD was the only defect (Table 1). The fifth sibling who died at two years of age in congestive heart failure had in all likelihood a complex heart abnormality. This is believed to be ...
... showed a ventricular septal defect (VSD) and pulmonary stenosis, respectively, as associated defects. In our series ASD was the only defect (Table 1). The fifth sibling who died at two years of age in congestive heart failure had in all likelihood a complex heart abnormality. This is believed to be ...
Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy
... This is a tightening and shortening of certain muscle groups so that the joints, which are involved, become increasingly difficult to move. Such contractures are common at a late stage in most muscle wasting diseases and result from inactivity. But in this disease muscle contractures develop very ea ...
... This is a tightening and shortening of certain muscle groups so that the joints, which are involved, become increasingly difficult to move. Such contractures are common at a late stage in most muscle wasting diseases and result from inactivity. But in this disease muscle contractures develop very ea ...
The Long QT Syndrome - Bahman Arrhythmia Clinic
... • Young male athlete diagnosed with LQTS • Beta-blockers prescribed • Patient stops drugs because he feels better without them • What should the physician do? ...
... • Young male athlete diagnosed with LQTS • Beta-blockers prescribed • Patient stops drugs because he feels better without them • What should the physician do? ...
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Asymptomatic and Mildly
... that they were in NYHA classes I/II. According to the results of this late analysis, CRT therapy’s beneficial effect on morbidity and mortality rates did not differ at all among the aforementioned groups. This led the authors to question the validity of symptom severity (as expressed by NYHA class) ...
... that they were in NYHA classes I/II. According to the results of this late analysis, CRT therapy’s beneficial effect on morbidity and mortality rates did not differ at all among the aforementioned groups. This led the authors to question the validity of symptom severity (as expressed by NYHA class) ...
Evaluation of a New Shirt-Based Electrocardiogram Device for
... protocol for cardiovascular abnormalities proposed by current guidelines [1, 2] consists at least of complete medical history, physical examination and resting 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). This screening strategy has provided solid evidence that may prevent sudden cardiac death in the athlete [3 ...
... protocol for cardiovascular abnormalities proposed by current guidelines [1, 2] consists at least of complete medical history, physical examination and resting 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). This screening strategy has provided solid evidence that may prevent sudden cardiac death in the athlete [3 ...
Use of Left Ventricular Support Devices During TAVR
... continuously aspirates blood from the left ventricle, ejecting the expelled blood into the aorta. Impella unloads the left ventricle, reducing left ventricular end diastolic pressure and wall tension and, consequently, decreases left ventricular work and myocardial oxygen demand.5 More than 35,000 d ...
... continuously aspirates blood from the left ventricle, ejecting the expelled blood into the aorta. Impella unloads the left ventricle, reducing left ventricular end diastolic pressure and wall tension and, consequently, decreases left ventricular work and myocardial oxygen demand.5 More than 35,000 d ...
Making a Diagnosis Through Coronary Angiogram
... Depending on the results of earlier tests patients with chest pain may then be referred for a coronary angiogram (mean waiting time was 261 days in 1994 (Black, Langham, Coshall et al 1996). A coronary angiogram is a test whereby a catheter is put into an artery of vein usually in the groin. X-ray f ...
... Depending on the results of earlier tests patients with chest pain may then be referred for a coronary angiogram (mean waiting time was 261 days in 1994 (Black, Langham, Coshall et al 1996). A coronary angiogram is a test whereby a catheter is put into an artery of vein usually in the groin. X-ray f ...
Plastination of the heart: preparation for the study of the cardiac valves
... of the cotton, it may be necessary to enlarge the previously made incisions. Freeze substitution, at -25°C, was the preferred method of dehydration with the volume of cold acetone to tissue being 5:1. The specimen was dehydrated for 5 weeks using two changes of acetone at two week intervals. IMPREGN ...
... of the cotton, it may be necessary to enlarge the previously made incisions. Freeze substitution, at -25°C, was the preferred method of dehydration with the volume of cold acetone to tissue being 5:1. The specimen was dehydrated for 5 weeks using two changes of acetone at two week intervals. IMPREGN ...
FREE Sample Here
... ANS: B Complete occlusion of the left main coronary artery, also referred to as the “widow maker,” usually results in sudden death. OBJ: Name the primary branches and areas of the heart supplied by the right and left coronary arteries. 24. Stimulation of alpha-adrenergic receptors results in a. incr ...
... ANS: B Complete occlusion of the left main coronary artery, also referred to as the “widow maker,” usually results in sudden death. OBJ: Name the primary branches and areas of the heart supplied by the right and left coronary arteries. 24. Stimulation of alpha-adrenergic receptors results in a. incr ...
Cardiac muscle contraction
... depolarization of the cell. • As long as the action potential is in its plateau and calcium is entering the myocytes, the myocytes contract. • These plateaus are more pronounced in the ventricles. • Cardiac muscle has an absolute refractory period of 250 msec, compared with 1–2 msec in skeletal musc ...
... depolarization of the cell. • As long as the action potential is in its plateau and calcium is entering the myocytes, the myocytes contract. • These plateaus are more pronounced in the ventricles. • Cardiac muscle has an absolute refractory period of 250 msec, compared with 1–2 msec in skeletal musc ...
Myocardial infarction
Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow stops to a part of the heart causing damage to the heart muscle. The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. Often it is in the center or left side of the chest and lasts for more than a few minutes. The discomfort may occasionally feel like heartburn. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, feeling faint, a cold sweat, or feeling tired. About 30% of people have atypical symptoms, with women more likely than men to present atypically. Among those over 75 years old, about 5% have had an MI with little or no history of symptoms. An MI may cause heart failure, an irregular heartbeat, or cardiac arrest.Most MIs occur due to coronary artery disease. Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol intake, among others. The mechanism of an MI often involves the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque, leading to complete blockage of a coronary artery. MIs are less commonly caused by coronary artery spasms, which may be due to cocaine, significant emotional stress, and extreme cold, among others. A number of tests are useful to help with diagnosis, including electrocardiograms (ECGs), blood tests, and coronary angiography. An ECG may confirm an ST elevation MI if ST elevation is present. Commonly used blood tests include troponin and less often creatine kinase MB.Aspirin is an appropriate immediate treatment for a suspected MI. Nitroglycerin or opioids may be used to help with chest pain; however, they do not improve overall outcomes. Supplemental oxygen should be used in those with low oxygen levels or shortness of breath. In ST elevation MIs treatments which attempt to restore blood flow to the heart are typically recommended and include angioplasty, where the arteries are pushed open, or thrombolysis, where the blockage is removed using medications. People who have a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) are often managed with the blood thinner heparin, with the additional use angioplasty in those at high risk. In people with blockages of multiple coronary arteries and diabetes, bypass surgery (CABG) may be recommended rather than angioplasty. After an MI, lifestyle modifications, along with long term treatment with aspirin, beta blockers, and statins, are typically recommended.Worldwide, more than 3 million people have ST elevation MIs and 4 million have NSTEMIs each year. STEMIs occur about twice as often in men as women. About one million people have an MI each year in the United States. In the developed world the risk of death in those who have had an STEMI is about 10%. Rates of MI for a given age have decreased globally between 1990 and 2010.