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Neoplasms involving the heart, their simulators
Neoplasms involving the heart, their simulators

... atrial ventricular block, including prolonged PR interval; secondor third-degree block; premature ventricular complexes; right or left axis deviation; right bundle branch block; T-wave abnormalities; and ST-T wave changes, usually of nonspecific nature. The sudden development of some of these electr ...
Cardiovascular Effects of Weight Reduction
Cardiovascular Effects of Weight Reduction

... that systemic vascular resistance was either normal or subnormal.9 These studies emphasize the advantage of weight reduction in the management of hypertension accompanying exogenous obesity over the use of agents to reduce systemic vascular resistance. This group of obese subjects demonstrated norma ...
Understanding Coronary Circulation and its Variations
Understanding Coronary Circulation and its Variations

... draing flow to the draining chamber, while native artery flow is poor due to steal of flow, causing ischemia May be treated surgically or trans catheter. ...
Click here for presentation
Click here for presentation

... QRS > 120 ms Findings due to slow, rightward spread of ventricular depolarization from LV Can occur in structurally normal heart or any condition that affects R heart R wave: LV activation ...
Chapter 18
Chapter 18

BLOOD VESSELS N CIRCULATION
BLOOD VESSELS N CIRCULATION

... – dilates coronary vessels – increases heart rate – strengthens contractions ...
Effect of precipitating factors of acute heart failure on readmission
Effect of precipitating factors of acute heart failure on readmission

... readmissions and substantial mortality. Precipitating factors of AHF influence short-term mortality, but their effect on outcome after hospital discharge is unknown. The present study assessed the effect of precipitating factors on readmission and long-term survival in the overall population and in p ...
Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology, Second Edition
Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology, Second Edition

... • Hepatic portal vein • Right and left hepatic veins ...
Cardiac drugs - Australian National University
Cardiac drugs - Australian National University

... • β-AR blockers and Ca2+ channel blockers have similar actions on the heart but the latter also affect vessels directly. • Cardiac glycosides block Na/K-ATPase to revert NCX to raise [Ca2+] resulting in improved contractility and increased vagal activity. • Glycosides have a narrow therapeutic windo ...
Chapter 21: Blood Vessels and Circulation
Chapter 21: Blood Vessels and Circulation

... – dilates coronary vessels – increases heart rate – strengthens contractions ...
A -A T P
A -A T P

... patients who survived myocardial infarction, the risk for cardiovascular disease, morbidity, and mortality 1 year after the infarction was lower in those who were pet owners than in those who were not.23-25 In the Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial, dog ownership was a significant independent pred ...
Superior vena cava syndrome caused by a - Heart
Superior vena cava syndrome caused by a - Heart

... reported in 1949 a series of 502 SVCS cases. Of these, 67% were due to benign conditions, of which 30% were secondary to aortic (syphilitic) aneurysms and 15% secondary to chronic mediastinitis, whereas 33% were due to malignancy. In the past decades, the common causes of SVCS have changed important ...
A software package for non-invasive, real-time beat-to
A software package for non-invasive, real-time beat-to

... on a multichannel strip chard recorder at a recording speed of 100 mm/s. Each step of the algorithms namely RR-interval from ECG recordings, dZ/dtmax, location of heart sound II, left ventricular ejection time (LVET) was measured manually on the strip chard from 100 heart cycles in the above 10 subj ...
Aortic valve sclerosis is associated with the extent of coronary artery
Aortic valve sclerosis is associated with the extent of coronary artery

... AVS and the SS while including only ACS cases. There are differences between the two studies, like some clinical risk factors and patient numbers. There are also differences for categorical SS values of the two studies. All these factors may describe the discordance of the results of the two studies ...
Full-Text PDF
Full-Text PDF

... myocardium, a middle layer of extracellular matrix-rich cardiac jelly, and an inner layer of endocardial cells which lines the lumen of the heart [2]. At the tubular stage, blood and solutes are propelled throughout the embryo as a result of peristaltic contraction of the primary myocardium. This pr ...
Development and clinical evaluation of long-term ECG
Development and clinical evaluation of long-term ECG

... from standard MIT database. The ECG complexes have been recognized with accuracy of 99.5%, cycle classification was accomplished with accuracy of 90.4% and diagnostic classification was made with accuracy 87.6%. Pilot investigation revealed the positive features of the system, i.e. it’s flexibility ...
Hospitalisation-leading cardiac arrhythmias in Portugal
Hospitalisation-leading cardiac arrhythmias in Portugal

... themselves (chart 2), but while North still has the lowest ratios, Lisbon holds the worst scenario.  Since North and Lisbon are the youngest regions, some conclusions can be withdrawn:  regarding North, a young population means more protection (other factors also contribute to a low NOH/100 000 in ...
91410 - Priority Health
91410 - Priority Health

... Multiple clinical trials of ICDs have been performed in recent years to assess which patients would benefit from ICD therapy. The clinical trials have generally been of two types: secondary prevention (involving patients resuscitated after cardiac arrest or unstable ventricular tachycardia) and prim ...
10 Graded Exercise Testing
10 Graded Exercise Testing

... easy. Last, hemodynamic information (e.g., heart rate and blood pressure) derived from a non exercise stress test (e.g., Adenosine or Dobutamine stress test) is not useful for developing an exercise prescription. In some patients, the baseline ECG precludes clinically meaningful assessment of repola ...
Arrhythmias
Arrhythmias

... o P waves : - normal rate & shape - may comes before or after the QRS and also may be hidden by the QRS. o No fixed relation between P waves & QRS complexes (atrio ventricular dissociation) NB : Any wide QRS complex tachycardia in any patient with primary heart disease is considered & treated as VT ...
Sudden Cardiac Sudden Cardiac Death
Sudden Cardiac Sudden Cardiac Death

... Monday. The autopsy found an abnormality in the heart, heart, which is still being tested, tested so final determination of exact cause of death may take several more days, the coroner's report p said. ...
Clinical and Echocardiographic Parameters Associated with Low
Clinical and Echocardiographic Parameters Associated with Low

... (METs) (OR = 0.70, p = 0 , 0001), ST segment depression (OR = 0.58, p = 0.0003) and high systolic blood pressure (ΔSBP) (OR = 0.87, p = 0.0011). Myocardial ischemia was not associated with HF. Conclusion: HF is associated with functional parameters, such as dyspnea on exertion, history of chest pain ...
The use of HRV analysis in the marketing research
The use of HRV analysis in the marketing research

... emotionally than respondents with low level of neuroticism (emotional stability). We detected changes in heart rate also in probands who did not consider commercials as funny or touching. The coherent heart rhythm pattern was observed in all probands. We suppose it is because both commercials evoked ...
Electrical and Mechanical Properties of Chick Embryo Heart
Electrical and Mechanical Properties of Chick Embryo Heart

... ventricle and conus were similar (table 1). Contraction of the ventricle resulted in similar myograms from the mid- and conal areas of the ventricle. The A'entricular myogram near the atrium was smaller in size than that obtained from the mid- or conal-ventricular regions. The electrocardiogram of t ...
Congenital third-degree AV block in the infant with a ventricular rate
Congenital third-degree AV block in the infant with a ventricular rate

... Congenital third-degree AV block in the infant with a ventricular rate less than 55 bpm or with congenital heart disease and a ventricular rate less than 70 bpm. (Level of Evidence: C) Congenital third-degree AV block beyond the first year of life with an average heart rate less than 50 bpm,abrupt p ...
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Myocardial infarction



Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow stops to a part of the heart causing damage to the heart muscle. The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. Often it is in the center or left side of the chest and lasts for more than a few minutes. The discomfort may occasionally feel like heartburn. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, feeling faint, a cold sweat, or feeling tired. About 30% of people have atypical symptoms, with women more likely than men to present atypically. Among those over 75 years old, about 5% have had an MI with little or no history of symptoms. An MI may cause heart failure, an irregular heartbeat, or cardiac arrest.Most MIs occur due to coronary artery disease. Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol intake, among others. The mechanism of an MI often involves the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque, leading to complete blockage of a coronary artery. MIs are less commonly caused by coronary artery spasms, which may be due to cocaine, significant emotional stress, and extreme cold, among others. A number of tests are useful to help with diagnosis, including electrocardiograms (ECGs), blood tests, and coronary angiography. An ECG may confirm an ST elevation MI if ST elevation is present. Commonly used blood tests include troponin and less often creatine kinase MB.Aspirin is an appropriate immediate treatment for a suspected MI. Nitroglycerin or opioids may be used to help with chest pain; however, they do not improve overall outcomes. Supplemental oxygen should be used in those with low oxygen levels or shortness of breath. In ST elevation MIs treatments which attempt to restore blood flow to the heart are typically recommended and include angioplasty, where the arteries are pushed open, or thrombolysis, where the blockage is removed using medications. People who have a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) are often managed with the blood thinner heparin, with the additional use angioplasty in those at high risk. In people with blockages of multiple coronary arteries and diabetes, bypass surgery (CABG) may be recommended rather than angioplasty. After an MI, lifestyle modifications, along with long term treatment with aspirin, beta blockers, and statins, are typically recommended.Worldwide, more than 3 million people have ST elevation MIs and 4 million have NSTEMIs each year. STEMIs occur about twice as often in men as women. About one million people have an MI each year in the United States. In the developed world the risk of death in those who have had an STEMI is about 10%. Rates of MI for a given age have decreased globally between 1990 and 2010.
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