the stroke volume and the cardiac output by the
... noninvasive, and in the same time inexpensive method for estimating the stroke5 volume and cardiac output based on phase changes in thorax electrical resistivity, occurring during ejection of blood into the ascending aorta. Impedance cardiography (ICG) uses a low-amplitude, high frequency (here, 50 ...
... noninvasive, and in the same time inexpensive method for estimating the stroke5 volume and cardiac output based on phase changes in thorax electrical resistivity, occurring during ejection of blood into the ascending aorta. Impedance cardiography (ICG) uses a low-amplitude, high frequency (here, 50 ...
Cardiorespiratory responses to exercise training
... complex ventricular extrasystoles, ventricular tachycardia, sustained supraventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, secondor third-degree heart block, severe ST segment depression (horizontal or downsloping greater than 4 mm).9 ...
... complex ventricular extrasystoles, ventricular tachycardia, sustained supraventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, secondor third-degree heart block, severe ST segment depression (horizontal or downsloping greater than 4 mm).9 ...
Electrocardiographic changes in acute tricyclic
... the QTc interval by delaying the inward sodium current into cardiomyocytes and have also demonstrated disruption in the delayed rectifier potassium and the inward slow calcium currents, both leading to delayed repolarization. Prolongation of the QT interval increases the risk for ventricular fibrill ...
... the QTc interval by delaying the inward sodium current into cardiomyocytes and have also demonstrated disruption in the delayed rectifier potassium and the inward slow calcium currents, both leading to delayed repolarization. Prolongation of the QT interval increases the risk for ventricular fibrill ...
cardiovascular complications of scorpion stings and the effects of
... subgroup of five patients whose posterior wall was found to be hypokinetic in the initial study but improved significantly (P < .01) in subsequent studies. Echocardiography in all 12 patients with pulmonary edema showed moderate to severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Pulmonary edema was as ...
... subgroup of five patients whose posterior wall was found to be hypokinetic in the initial study but improved significantly (P < .01) in subsequent studies. Echocardiography in all 12 patients with pulmonary edema showed moderate to severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Pulmonary edema was as ...
FULL TEXT - Biology of Sport
... The RPP is indicative of myocardial oxygen uptake and is strongly correlated to ischemia and the associated angina and ST segment depression [2,23]. The results of this study indicate that when headward fluid shifts occur, resulting in a greater fluid volume in the thoracic region [20,24], heart rat ...
... The RPP is indicative of myocardial oxygen uptake and is strongly correlated to ischemia and the associated angina and ST segment depression [2,23]. The results of this study indicate that when headward fluid shifts occur, resulting in a greater fluid volume in the thoracic region [20,24], heart rat ...
Essential tools for diagnosis of feline heart disease and heart failure
... high heart rates of cats. Atrial dilation in cats with unclassified cardiomyopathy may be secondary to diastolic dysfunction or due to a form of atrial myopathy. Diastolic function assessed by TDI echocardiography in unclassified cardiomyopathy may be normal. Restrictive cardiomyopathy is a subset o ...
... high heart rates of cats. Atrial dilation in cats with unclassified cardiomyopathy may be secondary to diastolic dysfunction or due to a form of atrial myopathy. Diastolic function assessed by TDI echocardiography in unclassified cardiomyopathy may be normal. Restrictive cardiomyopathy is a subset o ...
Beyond the Mitral Inflow - Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists
... and abnormal infiltrative cardiomyopathies. Also some studies combined global myocardial strain rate during isovolumetric relaxation period and transmitral flow velocities and showed that the mitral E velocity/global ...
... and abnormal infiltrative cardiomyopathies. Also some studies combined global myocardial strain rate during isovolumetric relaxation period and transmitral flow velocities and showed that the mitral E velocity/global ...
Cardiac Monitoring Atrial Fibrillation
... First Degree AV Block: all sinus impulses eventually reach ventricles Prolonged PR Interval >.20 Etiology: AV nodal ischemia – right coronary artery (inferior MI); hypokalemia, increased beta-blockers or calcium channel blockers, ...
... First Degree AV Block: all sinus impulses eventually reach ventricles Prolonged PR Interval >.20 Etiology: AV nodal ischemia – right coronary artery (inferior MI); hypokalemia, increased beta-blockers or calcium channel blockers, ...
Diagnosing primary diastolic heart failure
... the majority of the conditions related to diastolic dysfunction and failure are the mere consequence of systolic cardiac failure, there also exists a distinct primary form of diastolic failure. Primary diastolic failure has been commonly defined as a condition with classic findings of congestive hea ...
... the majority of the conditions related to diastolic dysfunction and failure are the mere consequence of systolic cardiac failure, there also exists a distinct primary form of diastolic failure. Primary diastolic failure has been commonly defined as a condition with classic findings of congestive hea ...
Elevated plasma beta-endorphin levels in patients with
... In all patients, the basal plasma hem-endorphin lrveis were assessed in relation au fwtcuunal cardiac status, determined according to the criteria of the New York Heart Association based on symptoms (121 . To evaluate changes in endorphin levels with respect to changes in cardiac status with time in ...
... In all patients, the basal plasma hem-endorphin lrveis were assessed in relation au fwtcuunal cardiac status, determined according to the criteria of the New York Heart Association based on symptoms (121 . To evaluate changes in endorphin levels with respect to changes in cardiac status with time in ...
Rhythm Recognition.
... Different p wave morphologies. Different p wave distance from QRS. Different QRS rate. ...
... Different p wave morphologies. Different p wave distance from QRS. Different QRS rate. ...
1-Anatomy of the Heart
... It is formed mainly by the right atrium & the right ventricle, which are separated from each other by the vertical atrioventricular groove. superior and inferior borders of the heart. The right ventricle is separated from the left ventricle by an anterior interventricular groove. Between the atrium ...
... It is formed mainly by the right atrium & the right ventricle, which are separated from each other by the vertical atrioventricular groove. superior and inferior borders of the heart. The right ventricle is separated from the left ventricle by an anterior interventricular groove. Between the atrium ...
Angiotensin-II receptor blockers
... patient, but have also stressed that in some patient populations, such as those with diabetes or target organ damage, certain antihypertensive drugs may be more appropriate than others.13,14 The established need for strict BP control contrasts with the poor achievements in clinical practice. Evidenc ...
... patient, but have also stressed that in some patient populations, such as those with diabetes or target organ damage, certain antihypertensive drugs may be more appropriate than others.13,14 The established need for strict BP control contrasts with the poor achievements in clinical practice. Evidenc ...
Standard measurement of cardiac function indexes
... whose left ventricles are not spheroidal, such as in those with ischemic heart disease. Left ventricular end-diastolic volume obtained by this method is used as an index of preload to the left ventricle. Although EF is affected by preload and afterload in theory, it does not fluctuate largely in res ...
... whose left ventricles are not spheroidal, such as in those with ischemic heart disease. Left ventricular end-diastolic volume obtained by this method is used as an index of preload to the left ventricle. Although EF is affected by preload and afterload in theory, it does not fluctuate largely in res ...
Roderick Tung, Noel G. Boyle and Kalyanam Shivkumar 2011;123:2284-2288 doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.989079
... the patient presented 3 weeks later with lightheadedness; device interrogation showed 35 episodes of VT at a rate of 140 bpm, which were terminated with antitachycardia pacing over the prior 10 days. The patient was referred for catheter ablation. A basal inferolateral scar was confirmed by contrast ...
... the patient presented 3 weeks later with lightheadedness; device interrogation showed 35 episodes of VT at a rate of 140 bpm, which were terminated with antitachycardia pacing over the prior 10 days. The patient was referred for catheter ablation. A basal inferolateral scar was confirmed by contrast ...
Short-term modelling of the controlled cardiovascular system
... and other catabolits. The organs involved in this function are: the lungs which allow gas exchanges, the heart which pumps blood and the vascular system which carries molecules to the tissues. Variables involved in cardiovascular regulation, such as blood flow, blood pressure level, oxygen blood con ...
... and other catabolits. The organs involved in this function are: the lungs which allow gas exchanges, the heart which pumps blood and the vascular system which carries molecules to the tissues. Variables involved in cardiovascular regulation, such as blood flow, blood pressure level, oxygen blood con ...
Intracardiac Lateral Tunnel Fontan by using Right Atrial Wall
... intensive care unit, duration of chest tube drainage, and hospital stay between those having the lateral tunnel/intra-cardiac method vs. those undergoing the extra-cardiac method. This is an interesting result given that the lateral tunnel/intra-cardiac method is theoretically supposed to improve sh ...
... intensive care unit, duration of chest tube drainage, and hospital stay between those having the lateral tunnel/intra-cardiac method vs. those undergoing the extra-cardiac method. This is an interesting result given that the lateral tunnel/intra-cardiac method is theoretically supposed to improve sh ...
Saunders practice questions
... Rationale: The mixture of arterial and venous manifestations (Claudication and phlebitis, respectively) in the young male client suggests thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger’s disease). This is a relatively uncommon disorder, characterized by inflammation and thrombosis of smaller arteries and veins ...
... Rationale: The mixture of arterial and venous manifestations (Claudication and phlebitis, respectively) in the young male client suggests thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger’s disease). This is a relatively uncommon disorder, characterized by inflammation and thrombosis of smaller arteries and veins ...
multiple unipolar leads
... The following suggestions may help in selecting leads likely to be most useful in the diagnosis of various lesions. For the preliminary routine approach it may be enough to select VI or V2 and V4 and V5 or V5 and V6 depending on the size of the heart; and VL and VF. These may suggest what further re ...
... The following suggestions may help in selecting leads likely to be most useful in the diagnosis of various lesions. For the preliminary routine approach it may be enough to select VI or V2 and V4 and V5 or V5 and V6 depending on the size of the heart; and VL and VF. These may suggest what further re ...
22. Heart
... times per minute (about 4500 times per hour or 108,000 times per day). The amount of blood pumped from one ventricle per minute (about 5.25 liters [L] at rest) is called the cardiac output. When the body is more active, and the cells need oxygen and nutrients delivered at a faster pace, the heart ca ...
... times per minute (about 4500 times per hour or 108,000 times per day). The amount of blood pumped from one ventricle per minute (about 5.25 liters [L] at rest) is called the cardiac output. When the body is more active, and the cells need oxygen and nutrients delivered at a faster pace, the heart ca ...
TETRALOGY OF FALLOT: REPORT OF TWO CASES IN
... Discussion We presented two children of similar age with TOF ― one girl (from the second pregnancy) and one boy (from twin pregnancy). Both children were without hereditary load. However, the boy, according to the literature, had the risk of ―twin process‖ [19]. The literature describes cases of twi ...
... Discussion We presented two children of similar age with TOF ― one girl (from the second pregnancy) and one boy (from twin pregnancy). Both children were without hereditary load. However, the boy, according to the literature, had the risk of ―twin process‖ [19]. The literature describes cases of twi ...
CARDIAC DYSRHYTHMIAS Pathophysiology
... Blood then passes through the pulmonic valve into the pulmonary artery. An artery is any vessel carrying blood away from the heart. The pulmonary artery is the only artery in the body that carries deoxygenated blood. The pulmonary artery branches to pulmonary arterioles, then branches to capillaries ...
... Blood then passes through the pulmonic valve into the pulmonary artery. An artery is any vessel carrying blood away from the heart. The pulmonary artery is the only artery in the body that carries deoxygenated blood. The pulmonary artery branches to pulmonary arterioles, then branches to capillaries ...
Myocardial infarction
Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow stops to a part of the heart causing damage to the heart muscle. The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. Often it is in the center or left side of the chest and lasts for more than a few minutes. The discomfort may occasionally feel like heartburn. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, feeling faint, a cold sweat, or feeling tired. About 30% of people have atypical symptoms, with women more likely than men to present atypically. Among those over 75 years old, about 5% have had an MI with little or no history of symptoms. An MI may cause heart failure, an irregular heartbeat, or cardiac arrest.Most MIs occur due to coronary artery disease. Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol intake, among others. The mechanism of an MI often involves the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque, leading to complete blockage of a coronary artery. MIs are less commonly caused by coronary artery spasms, which may be due to cocaine, significant emotional stress, and extreme cold, among others. A number of tests are useful to help with diagnosis, including electrocardiograms (ECGs), blood tests, and coronary angiography. An ECG may confirm an ST elevation MI if ST elevation is present. Commonly used blood tests include troponin and less often creatine kinase MB.Aspirin is an appropriate immediate treatment for a suspected MI. Nitroglycerin or opioids may be used to help with chest pain; however, they do not improve overall outcomes. Supplemental oxygen should be used in those with low oxygen levels or shortness of breath. In ST elevation MIs treatments which attempt to restore blood flow to the heart are typically recommended and include angioplasty, where the arteries are pushed open, or thrombolysis, where the blockage is removed using medications. People who have a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) are often managed with the blood thinner heparin, with the additional use angioplasty in those at high risk. In people with blockages of multiple coronary arteries and diabetes, bypass surgery (CABG) may be recommended rather than angioplasty. After an MI, lifestyle modifications, along with long term treatment with aspirin, beta blockers, and statins, are typically recommended.Worldwide, more than 3 million people have ST elevation MIs and 4 million have NSTEMIs each year. STEMIs occur about twice as often in men as women. About one million people have an MI each year in the United States. In the developed world the risk of death in those who have had an STEMI is about 10%. Rates of MI for a given age have decreased globally between 1990 and 2010.