2- Secondary hypertension
... Renin cleaves an inactive peptide called angiotensinogen, converting it into angiotensin I. Angiotensin I is then converted to angiotensin II by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Angiotensin II is the major bioactive product of the renin-angiotensin system. Angiotensin II causes : A- vaso ...
... Renin cleaves an inactive peptide called angiotensinogen, converting it into angiotensin I. Angiotensin I is then converted to angiotensin II by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Angiotensin II is the major bioactive product of the renin-angiotensin system. Angiotensin II causes : A- vaso ...
RADIOLOGY
... • AST/ ALT - Active liver insult probably drug induced (aspirin) • Creatinine - Impaired Filtering Capacity of the kidneys due to CKD • Sodium/Potassium - Most probably due to impaired kidney function ...
... • AST/ ALT - Active liver insult probably drug induced (aspirin) • Creatinine - Impaired Filtering Capacity of the kidneys due to CKD • Sodium/Potassium - Most probably due to impaired kidney function ...
Pathophysiology of Systemic Hypertension
... -clinical clues age of onset which is usually be 20-50 years. Family history of hypertension, Serum K+, and urinanalyisis (look for proteinuria). -severity- the higher it is the more trouble there is -family history- it is 4 times more common in African American males, especially in the 20 to 40 ag ...
... -clinical clues age of onset which is usually be 20-50 years. Family history of hypertension, Serum K+, and urinanalyisis (look for proteinuria). -severity- the higher it is the more trouble there is -family history- it is 4 times more common in African American males, especially in the 20 to 40 ag ...
Pharmacological management of Ischaemic heart disease stroke
... Beta-1 effects – Bradycardia, heart block, heart failure Beta-2 effects – bronchospasm, worsening ...
... Beta-1 effects – Bradycardia, heart block, heart failure Beta-2 effects – bronchospasm, worsening ...
Hypertension_LP_v11_10.5.10_Final to Bill
... When blood pressure is too high, it can cause serious long-term problems, including heart disease, stroke, and, new evidence suggests, dementia. We know blood pressure is greatly affected by lifestyle, stress levels, and diet. Emotional stress also plays a major role in hypertension. Even with a per ...
... When blood pressure is too high, it can cause serious long-term problems, including heart disease, stroke, and, new evidence suggests, dementia. We know blood pressure is greatly affected by lifestyle, stress levels, and diet. Emotional stress also plays a major role in hypertension. Even with a per ...
Cardio Notes Part 1
... NOTES – THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM (A.K.A. THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM) • 3 main parts ...
... NOTES – THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM (A.K.A. THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM) • 3 main parts ...
Cardiovascular
... o Oliguria (low urine output) <1ml/kg/hr, especially after 24 hours of age. Oliguria may be normal in the first day of life. ...
... o Oliguria (low urine output) <1ml/kg/hr, especially after 24 hours of age. Oliguria may be normal in the first day of life. ...
..Heart Sounds 1. There are 2 heart sounds:
... Strokes are caused by arteriosclorosis or hardening of the arteries Deprived of oxygen the brain will die in 6 min. Arteries have three layers. The outer two are flexible. When arteries of the brain become harder any sudden pressure change will cause them to burst. Some capillaries are only wide eno ...
... Strokes are caused by arteriosclorosis or hardening of the arteries Deprived of oxygen the brain will die in 6 min. Arteries have three layers. The outer two are flexible. When arteries of the brain become harder any sudden pressure change will cause them to burst. Some capillaries are only wide eno ...
CARDIO-VASCULAR SYSTEM The system which is related with the
... `When the heart rate is lower then 60bpm it is called Bradycardia’ Due to-Excessive water loss -Tension -Excessive rest -Disease condition (Diarrhoea , vomiting) ...
... `When the heart rate is lower then 60bpm it is called Bradycardia’ Due to-Excessive water loss -Tension -Excessive rest -Disease condition (Diarrhoea , vomiting) ...
13. a, b, c 23. Stroke Volume = The volume of blood pumped out of a
... way and the veins become twisted and dilated. They form when people have to stand for a long period of time and/or when people are obese or pregnant. These things cause the blood to pool in their legs or feet. 43. The smaller the area, the faster the blood has to flow through the blood vessel. 45. H ...
... way and the veins become twisted and dilated. They form when people have to stand for a long period of time and/or when people are obese or pregnant. These things cause the blood to pool in their legs or feet. 43. The smaller the area, the faster the blood has to flow through the blood vessel. 45. H ...
High Blood Pressure
... blood pressure, but research is ongoing. In some people, it is the result of another medical problem or medication. When the cause is known, this is called secondary high blood pressure. Research has shown that the following factors put one more at risk for high blood pressure: Obesity Being Afr ...
... blood pressure, but research is ongoing. In some people, it is the result of another medical problem or medication. When the cause is known, this is called secondary high blood pressure. Research has shown that the following factors put one more at risk for high blood pressure: Obesity Being Afr ...
cardiac pathology notes
... Secondary hypertension Caused by a systemic disease process that raises peripheral vascular resistance or cardiac output Renal artery stenosis, renal parenchymal disease, pheochromocytosis, drugs Complicated hypertension Chronic hypertensive damage to the walls of systemic blood vessels Smoo ...
... Secondary hypertension Caused by a systemic disease process that raises peripheral vascular resistance or cardiac output Renal artery stenosis, renal parenchymal disease, pheochromocytosis, drugs Complicated hypertension Chronic hypertensive damage to the walls of systemic blood vessels Smoo ...
DR 15.1A - Heart Structure 9th edition rev
... After reading pages 397-399 complete the following: ...
... After reading pages 397-399 complete the following: ...
Initial Presentation
... • HbA1C = 7.6% (less than 7% is normal; above 9% shows poor control; above 12% shows very poor control) • Serum creatinine = 1.1 mg/dl (normal value = 0.8-1.4 mg/dl) ...
... • HbA1C = 7.6% (less than 7% is normal; above 9% shows poor control; above 12% shows very poor control) • Serum creatinine = 1.1 mg/dl (normal value = 0.8-1.4 mg/dl) ...
Pilot study of Kutaki ( Picrorrhiza kurroa) in Hypertension
... was selected for the treatment of Hypertension. It clears the path of Srotasas which is obstructed by Dusta Kapha and Dusta pitta. Preparation and dosage with duration of treatment– The drug is powdered finely and is administered in a dose of 250 mg for 15 days. The powdered drug is bitter in taste ...
... was selected for the treatment of Hypertension. It clears the path of Srotasas which is obstructed by Dusta Kapha and Dusta pitta. Preparation and dosage with duration of treatment– The drug is powdered finely and is administered in a dose of 250 mg for 15 days. The powdered drug is bitter in taste ...
Got drugs for that. High blood pressure?
... The researchers note that "Conventional nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are associated with a spectrum of toxic effects," something which many patients are likely unaware of. "No difference was noted in the incidence of cardiovascular events …irrespective of aspirin use." ...
... The researchers note that "Conventional nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are associated with a spectrum of toxic effects," something which many patients are likely unaware of. "No difference was noted in the incidence of cardiovascular events …irrespective of aspirin use." ...
LT 4 Homeostasis - Bath County Schools
... State whether each of the following indicates negative or positive feedback: 1. ________________________________ If blood temperature rises too high, specialized neurons in the hypothalamus of the brain sense the change. These neurons signal other nerve centers, which in turn send signals to the blo ...
... State whether each of the following indicates negative or positive feedback: 1. ________________________________ If blood temperature rises too high, specialized neurons in the hypothalamus of the brain sense the change. These neurons signal other nerve centers, which in turn send signals to the blo ...
Heart Failure - Sheba Hungary Student
... – Adverse effects: Same as ACEI- low blood pressure, impairs renal function, potassium retention. ...
... – Adverse effects: Same as ACEI- low blood pressure, impairs renal function, potassium retention. ...
ACE Inhibitors and Mortality in Elderly Patients with Heart Failure
... Study Overview Objective. To understand the reasons for failure to prescribe angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors to elderly patients with heart failure and to examine the effect of this underuse on mortality. ...
... Study Overview Objective. To understand the reasons for failure to prescribe angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors to elderly patients with heart failure and to examine the effect of this underuse on mortality. ...
File - Dr. Jerry Cronin
... and is a major cause of atherosclerotic vascular disease (ASVD), heart failure, kidney disease and stroke. ...
... and is a major cause of atherosclerotic vascular disease (ASVD), heart failure, kidney disease and stroke. ...
Antihypertensive drug
Antihypertensives are a class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). Antihypertensive therapy seeks to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Evidence suggests that reduction of the blood pressure by 5 mmHg can decrease the risk of stroke by 34%, of ischaemic heart disease by 21%, and reduce the likelihood of dementia, heart failure, and mortality from cardiovascular disease. There are many classes of antihypertensives, which lower blood pressure by different means. Among the most important and most widely used drugs are thiazide diuretics, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs), and beta blockers.Which type of medication to use initially for hypertension has been the subject of several large studies and resulting national guidelines. The fundamental goal of treatment should be the prevention of the important endpoints of hypertension, such as heart attack, stroke and heart failure. Patient age, associated clinical conditions and end-organ damage also play a part in determining dosage and type of medication administered. The several classes of antihypertensives differ in side effect profiles, ability to prevent endpoints, and cost. The choice of more expensive agents, where cheaper ones would be equally effective, may have negative impacts on national healthcare budgets. As of 2009, the best available evidence favors the thiazide diuretics as the first-line treatment of choice for high blood pressure when drugs are necessary. Although clinical evidence shows calcium channel blockers and thiazide-type diuretics are preferred first-line treatments for most people (from both efficacy and cost points of view), an ACE inhibitor is recommended by NICE in the UK for those under 55 years old.