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Integrated care of patients with atrial fibrillation: the - Heart
Integrated care of patients with atrial fibrillation: the - Heart

... ECG screening can help detect asymptomatic AF, allowing timely initiation of therapy, especially oral anticoagulation. This has the potential to prevent complications of AF, especially ischaemic strokes. The ESC guidelines recommend opportunistic ECG screening whenever a person aged 65 years or olde ...
How the heart works - Appoquinimink High School
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... Sympathetic nerves and the heart… • Also attach to the SA and AV nodes, as well as other areas of the heart • Secrete norepherine in response to impulses, which increases heart rate and force of heart muscle (myocardial) contractions ...
The Heart - El Camino College
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... 6. Other substances, such as __________, nicotine, and thyroid hormone increase HR 7. Electrolytes, such as Ca2+ and especially ___ ions, can increase or decrease HR ...
The Cardiovascular System
The Cardiovascular System

... 4. A.P. spreads to Atrioventricular (AV) bundle then to the R. & L. bundle branches within the interventricular septum 5. The Purkinje fibers then propagate the A.P. to the ventricles, causing them to contract 0.2 seconds after the atria contract Electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG)  Records electrical s ...
Workshop – EssayTwo
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... sugarcoat a thing. He told me the risks but also told me the risks of him not having the repair. By the end of the conversation I felt comfortable leaving my son’s life in his hands. By that time I was running only on adrenaline and don’t remember a lot. I remember carrying my son down long hallways ...
CME lecture session 5
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... a favourable benefit/risk profile. ...
Cardiovascular Case Study
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Congestive Heart Failure
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www.pacericd.com
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Circulatory Systems III
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... Myocarditis: Inflammation of the heart muscle, usually caused by a virus or bacteria. Myocardium: The thick middle layer of the heart’s muscular wall. Open Heart Surgery: Surgery performed on the heart while the blood flow is redirected through a cardiopulmonary bypass (heart-lung) machine. Pacemak ...
Shock in the Newborn - Texas Tech University Health
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... than the expected reference range. Although normal physiologic range for the blood pressure, defined by the presence of normal organ blood flow, is not well studied in the newborn population, in clinical practice, the reference range blood pressure limits are defined as the gestational and postnatal ...
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... 14. Myocardial infarction: a. Is usually a consequence of coronary vessel occlusion by embolus b. Is characterized morphologically by liquefactive necrosis c. Is most commonly complicated by ventricular rupture d. Can be either transmural or subendocardial e. Is apparent on light microscopy within m ...
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... Renin leads to the production ...
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... Cardiac muscle formation in the heart allows for the chambers to pump blood THICK muscular walls The atria pump at the same time The ventricles pump at the same time ...
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Antihypertensive drug



Antihypertensives are a class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). Antihypertensive therapy seeks to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Evidence suggests that reduction of the blood pressure by 5 mmHg can decrease the risk of stroke by 34%, of ischaemic heart disease by 21%, and reduce the likelihood of dementia, heart failure, and mortality from cardiovascular disease. There are many classes of antihypertensives, which lower blood pressure by different means. Among the most important and most widely used drugs are thiazide diuretics, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs), and beta blockers.Which type of medication to use initially for hypertension has been the subject of several large studies and resulting national guidelines. The fundamental goal of treatment should be the prevention of the important endpoints of hypertension, such as heart attack, stroke and heart failure. Patient age, associated clinical conditions and end-organ damage also play a part in determining dosage and type of medication administered. The several classes of antihypertensives differ in side effect profiles, ability to prevent endpoints, and cost. The choice of more expensive agents, where cheaper ones would be equally effective, may have negative impacts on national healthcare budgets. As of 2009, the best available evidence favors the thiazide diuretics as the first-line treatment of choice for high blood pressure when drugs are necessary. Although clinical evidence shows calcium channel blockers and thiazide-type diuretics are preferred first-line treatments for most people (from both efficacy and cost points of view), an ACE inhibitor is recommended by NICE in the UK for those under 55 years old.
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