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ESC Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Heart
ESC Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Heart

... Documents have been issued in recent years by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and by different organizations and other related societies. This profusion can put at stake the authority and validity of guidelines, which can only be guaranteed if they have been developed by an unquestionable d ...


... It is important that the medical profession play a significant role in critically evaluating the use of diagnostic procedures and therapies as they are introduced and tested in the detection, management, or prevention of disease states. Rigorous and expert analysis of the available data documenting ...
Prospective Evaluation of 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Uptake in
Prospective Evaluation of 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Uptake in

... performed 18F-FDG positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging 5 days after percutaneous coronary intervention and follow-up cardiac magnetic resonance imaging after 6 to 9 months. In a subset of patients, 99mTcsestamibi single-photon emission computed tomography was performed with tracer ...
mind the connection - Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada
mind the connection - Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada

... significant challenges individuals face navigating their everyday lives. Depression and vascular cognitive impairment — whether milder forms or more severe dementia — are related; they may both be caused by something called white matter disease, and are often seen in stroke patients. Depression can ...
Treatment of arrhythmogenic right ventricular
Treatment of arrhythmogenic right ventricular

... ICD interventions, or ICD therapy on fast VT/VF), non-SCD, or heart transplantation, which were found in at least one published multivariable analysis. Patients who have experienced sustained VT or VF are at highest risk of experiencing life-threatening arrhythmic events.22 – 24 Unexplained syncope ...
Quinidine for Pharmacological Cardioversion of Atrial Fibrillation: A
Quinidine for Pharmacological Cardioversion of Atrial Fibrillation: A

... exclusion criteria in the studies17–22 of this metaanalysis,15 normal serum electrolytes were reported in only one trial,22 and digoxin was the only other antiarrhythmic agent allowed simultaneously.15 In all studies included,17–22 Digoxin was discontinued between 1 to 4 days prior to cardioversion, ...
DOCTOR DISCUSSION GUIDE (Ph+ CML)
DOCTOR DISCUSSION GUIDE (Ph+ CML)

... precautions. Correction of clinically significant dehydration and treatment of high uric acid levels are recommended prior to initiation of GLEEVEC • Motor vehicle accidents involving patients receiving GLEEVEC have been reported. Patients should be advised that they may experience undesirable effe ...
Counterpulsation applied
Counterpulsation applied

... Hands-on time will be provided to allow participants to set up the console and troubleshoot various alarm situations. Participants are also provided with a competency performance checklist and a post-test to assist in maintaining proficiency. ...
counterpulsation applied
counterpulsation applied

... OBJECTIVES ...
Ventricular free wall rupture after myocardial infarction
Ventricular free wall rupture after myocardial infarction

... characteristics, known to be important for prognosis, there was a slight excess in the risk of mortality for women (relative risk=1.15) after MI. 56 Patients with VFWR (or tamponade presumed to be from rupture) usually have significantly less prior history of MI or angina.36,55,57 Often, VFWR is a c ...
Dynamic myocardial contractile parameters from left - AJP
Dynamic myocardial contractile parameters from left - AJP

... Simultaneous with these experimentally based attempts were several modeling efforts in which elemental muscle contractile behavior was integrated mathematically with wall material properties, wall architecture and geometry, and chamber geometry in attempts to synthesize global organ function (25, 31 ...
Cardiovascular Emergencies: Pericardial Effusion and Cardiac
Cardiovascular Emergencies: Pericardial Effusion and Cardiac

... variety of reasons (Beauchamp, 1998). As malignant invasion of the pericardium occurs, the invasive malignancy or the pericardial tissue itself may produce excess fluid in response to the malignant process (Smeltzer & Bare, 1996). Pericardial fluid can collect when lymphatic and venous flow is obstr ...
View/Open
View/Open

... decreased with PDE 1U inhibitor. Thus Ea/Emax was decreased by all inotropic agents but to the greatest extent by PDE III inhibitor"). In this ventriculoarterial coupling, the arterial system is treated as if the elastic chamber has volume elastance Ea just as the left ventricle is treated as an ela ...
2016 AHA/ACC Clinical Performance and Quality Measures
2016 AHA/ACC Clinical Performance and Quality Measures

... PM-3: Use of guideline-directed medical therapy (ACE-I or ARB or ARNI, and betablocker, and aldosterone receptor antagonist) for prevention of SCD in patients with HF and reduced ejection fraction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PM-4: Use of guideline-directed medical therapy (ACE-I or ARB or ARNI, beta ...
Comparison of estimations versus measured resting oxygen
Comparison of estimations versus measured resting oxygen

... represents the final stage of several diseases of the heart and is commonly defined as a reduction in the heart’s ability to circulate blood. Cardiac output during right heart catheterization is an important variable used in patient selection for advanced therapies, such as cardiac transplantation a ...
Implantable cardioverter defibrillators and cardiac resynchronisation
Implantable cardioverter defibrillators and cardiac resynchronisation

... The DINAMIT (n=674) and IRIS (n=898) trials compared ICDs with medical therapy alone in people with a recent myocardial infarction. Average length of follow-up was 30 and 37 months respectively. Approximately 60% of people in both trials were in NYHA class II; most of the remainder were NYHA class I ...
030814 Acute Cardiac Tamponade - Ether
030814 Acute Cardiac Tamponade - Ether

Visualization and quantification of myocardial mass at risk using
Visualization and quantification of myocardial mass at risk using

... that ischemic myocardial mass can be quantitated using three-dimensional measurements of the volume of abnormally contracting muscle [13]. The lack of appropriate software tools and stable signal enhancers has hampered progress in three-dimensional contrast echocardiography. Previous study from our ...
STEMI standing orders
STEMI standing orders

... It is reasonable for high-risk patients who receive fibrinolytic therapy as primary reperfusion therapy at a non–PCI-capable facility to be transferred as soon as possible to a PCI-capable facility where PCI can be performed either when needed or as a pharmacoinvasive strategy. Consideration should ...
mice −/− formation in apoE myocardial remodeling, and increased
mice −/− formation in apoE myocardial remodeling, and increased

... In vivo blood pressure. For the determination of long-term consequences of elevated circulating TGF-␤ on endothelial function, blood pressure was determined in 8-mo-old mice. For blood pressure measurement, mice were anesthetized with ketamine (150 mg/kg)-xylazine (15 mg/kg). Narkosis induced signif ...
Atrial Fibrillation In Heart Failure
Atrial Fibrillation In Heart Failure

... offer improved stroke prevention in patients with heart failure albeit at a higher drug cost. Alternative methods of stroke reduction such as left atrial appendage occlusion are emerging, although evidence for their benefit in patients with heart failure has not yet been published.  ...
Appraisal consultation document
Appraisal consultation document

... health states defined as ‘alive’ and ‘dead’. In the base case, the model included all-cause mortality, all-cause-hospitalisation rates, EQ-5D and adverse event rates. The company stated that models with similar structures have been published previously, including the model submitted to NICE as part ...
Cardiac Vulnerability to Cerebrogenic Stress as a Possible Cause of
Cardiac Vulnerability to Cerebrogenic Stress as a Possible Cause of

... stroke is due to the concomitant cardiac problems,6 noncardiac comorbidities,7 or neurally mediated myocytic damage.8 Furthermore, ECG abnormalities are often challenging to interpret because various ECG changes can be developed by neurally mediated autonomic dysregulation after stroke (eg, particul ...
Myocardial Recovery and the Failing Heart
Myocardial Recovery and the Failing Heart

... approaches that focus on preventing disease progression by blocking the body’s homeostatic responses (e.g., neurohormonal activation). Despite the frequent interchangeable use of the terms “myocardial recovery” and “reverse remodeling” to describe the reversal of various aspects of the heart failure ...
The Heart - Pearson Higher Education
The Heart - Pearson Higher Education

... ur ceaselessly beating heart has intrigued people for centuries. The ancient Greeks believed the heart was the seat of intelligence. Others thought it was the source of emotions. While these ideas have proved false, we do know that emotions affect heart rate. When your heart pounds or skips a beat, ...
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Antihypertensive drug



Antihypertensives are a class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). Antihypertensive therapy seeks to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Evidence suggests that reduction of the blood pressure by 5 mmHg can decrease the risk of stroke by 34%, of ischaemic heart disease by 21%, and reduce the likelihood of dementia, heart failure, and mortality from cardiovascular disease. There are many classes of antihypertensives, which lower blood pressure by different means. Among the most important and most widely used drugs are thiazide diuretics, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs), and beta blockers.Which type of medication to use initially for hypertension has been the subject of several large studies and resulting national guidelines. The fundamental goal of treatment should be the prevention of the important endpoints of hypertension, such as heart attack, stroke and heart failure. Patient age, associated clinical conditions and end-organ damage also play a part in determining dosage and type of medication administered. The several classes of antihypertensives differ in side effect profiles, ability to prevent endpoints, and cost. The choice of more expensive agents, where cheaper ones would be equally effective, may have negative impacts on national healthcare budgets. As of 2009, the best available evidence favors the thiazide diuretics as the first-line treatment of choice for high blood pressure when drugs are necessary. Although clinical evidence shows calcium channel blockers and thiazide-type diuretics are preferred first-line treatments for most people (from both efficacy and cost points of view), an ACE inhibitor is recommended by NICE in the UK for those under 55 years old.
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