Prolonged P wave dispersion in pre−diabetic patients
... with an increased risk of ischaemic stroke, heart failure, and overall mortality [1–4]. Thus, identifying risk factors is important for the development of therapeutic approaches to AF. Diabetes has been reported to be one of the independent risk factors in AF development [11–14]. However, previous s ...
... with an increased risk of ischaemic stroke, heart failure, and overall mortality [1–4]. Thus, identifying risk factors is important for the development of therapeutic approaches to AF. Diabetes has been reported to be one of the independent risk factors in AF development [11–14]. However, previous s ...
Myocardial infarction: redefined or reinvented? - Heart
... positive elevations caused by other cardiac conditions and the confounding effect of renal failure. Comparisons of the cost effectiveness of using existing lower cost markers like total CK with the considerably more expensive troponins would seem essential. For example, what is the added value progn ...
... positive elevations caused by other cardiac conditions and the confounding effect of renal failure. Comparisons of the cost effectiveness of using existing lower cost markers like total CK with the considerably more expensive troponins would seem essential. For example, what is the added value progn ...
CIRCULATION OF BODY FLUIDS
... Our body is made of cells. Cells need nutrients and oxygen to survive, and wastes need to be removed from them. Hormones are also needed to be transported from the endocrine glands which secrete them to their respective target cells. This work of transportation of nutrients, gases, wastes and other ...
... Our body is made of cells. Cells need nutrients and oxygen to survive, and wastes need to be removed from them. Hormones are also needed to be transported from the endocrine glands which secrete them to their respective target cells. This work of transportation of nutrients, gases, wastes and other ...
AFA Australia Atrial Flutter FACT sheet
... heart rate, so this usually results in your pulse becoming fast and often regular. A person may not feel any symptoms when the heart rhythm changes from normal rhythm to Atrial Flutter – it may only be detected during a visit to a doctor for other reasons. However, some people may present with palpi ...
... heart rate, so this usually results in your pulse becoming fast and often regular. A person may not feel any symptoms when the heart rhythm changes from normal rhythm to Atrial Flutter – it may only be detected during a visit to a doctor for other reasons. However, some people may present with palpi ...
H P O L
... show an abnormal increase in LVEDP in response to intravenous fluid loading.[5,6]. It is our routine practice to perform both right and left heart catheterization on all patients being evaluated for PH, and when the PAWP and LVEDP are ≤15, the patients are given a saline load to exclude postcapilla ...
... show an abnormal increase in LVEDP in response to intravenous fluid loading.[5,6]. It is our routine practice to perform both right and left heart catheterization on all patients being evaluated for PH, and when the PAWP and LVEDP are ≤15, the patients are given a saline load to exclude postcapilla ...
consensus statement of the uiaa medical commission vol: 21
... high at low altitude [8]. At the vascular level, the main initial adaptive mechanisms to altitude-induced hypoxemia are pulmonary artery vasoconstriction and peripheral and cerebral artery vasodilatation [7]. The pulmonary vascular pattern remains essentially unchanged with prolonged or lifelong alt ...
... high at low altitude [8]. At the vascular level, the main initial adaptive mechanisms to altitude-induced hypoxemia are pulmonary artery vasoconstriction and peripheral and cerebral artery vasodilatation [7]. The pulmonary vascular pattern remains essentially unchanged with prolonged or lifelong alt ...
Diastolic Heart Failure - STA HealthCare Communications
... also guide our therapy. Recent studies suggest patients with reduced EF and Grade 4 diastolic dysfunction may not tolerate beta blockers. More data are needed, however, before this is generally accepted. Finally, since diastolic heart failure is primarily a disease of the elderly, it may become a ma ...
... also guide our therapy. Recent studies suggest patients with reduced EF and Grade 4 diastolic dysfunction may not tolerate beta blockers. More data are needed, however, before this is generally accepted. Finally, since diastolic heart failure is primarily a disease of the elderly, it may become a ma ...
The significance of anaemia in patients with acute ST−elevation
... the lack of significant differences in the extent of left ventricular (LV) myocardial injury as assessed by LVEF and CK-MB levels. This may mean that the adverse influence of anaemia on the prognosis does not only depend on the extent of myocardial necrosis, but may also result from other unclear fa ...
... the lack of significant differences in the extent of left ventricular (LV) myocardial injury as assessed by LVEF and CK-MB levels. This may mean that the adverse influence of anaemia on the prognosis does not only depend on the extent of myocardial necrosis, but may also result from other unclear fa ...
cardiac muscle
... remains depolarized about 300 msec (unlike skeletal muscle). This prolonged phase of depolarization is called “plateau”. It causes muscle contraction to last 3 to 15 times longer in cardiac muscle than in skeletal one. ...
... remains depolarized about 300 msec (unlike skeletal muscle). This prolonged phase of depolarization is called “plateau”. It causes muscle contraction to last 3 to 15 times longer in cardiac muscle than in skeletal one. ...
Exercise testing in pulmonary arterial hypertension and in chronic
... approved by the Ethical Committee of Erasme University Hospital. Nineteen patients, 11 females and eight males, aged 23–66 yrs (mean 49 yrs), presented with PAH, defined by an increase in pulmonary artery pressures, normal pulmonary artery wedge pressure, no identifiable cardiac or pulmonary cause [ ...
... approved by the Ethical Committee of Erasme University Hospital. Nineteen patients, 11 females and eight males, aged 23–66 yrs (mean 49 yrs), presented with PAH, defined by an increase in pulmonary artery pressures, normal pulmonary artery wedge pressure, no identifiable cardiac or pulmonary cause [ ...
HOCM DR SREEJITH
... similar mortality rates as well as functional status compared with SM; however, the caveat is increased conduction abnormalities and a higher post-intervention LVOTG. The choice of treatment strategy should be made after a thorough discussion of the procedures with the individual patient. ...
... similar mortality rates as well as functional status compared with SM; however, the caveat is increased conduction abnormalities and a higher post-intervention LVOTG. The choice of treatment strategy should be made after a thorough discussion of the procedures with the individual patient. ...
Chapter 10: Circulatory System and Lymphatic
... o Cardiac output is about 5.25 L of blood per minute in a person with an average heart rate of 70 beats per minute • The pulse is a wave effect that passes down the walls of the arteries when the aorta expands and recoils with each ventricular contraction; can be used to determine heart rate TO PREV ...
... o Cardiac output is about 5.25 L of blood per minute in a person with an average heart rate of 70 beats per minute • The pulse is a wave effect that passes down the walls of the arteries when the aorta expands and recoils with each ventricular contraction; can be used to determine heart rate TO PREV ...
Relation of the HAS-BLED Bleeding Risk Score to Major Bleeding
... placebo or control,3 and the decision of thromboprophylaxis has classically been based on stroke risk, as assessed by different stroke risk stratification schemes.4 ...
... placebo or control,3 and the decision of thromboprophylaxis has classically been based on stroke risk, as assessed by different stroke risk stratification schemes.4 ...
Chapter 10: Circulatory System and Lymphatic
... o Cardiac output is about 5.25 L of blood per minute in a person with an average heart rate of 70 beats per minute • The pulse is a wave effect that passes down the walls of the arteries when the aorta expands and recoils with each ventricular contraction; can be used to determine heart rate TO PREV ...
... o Cardiac output is about 5.25 L of blood per minute in a person with an average heart rate of 70 beats per minute • The pulse is a wave effect that passes down the walls of the arteries when the aorta expands and recoils with each ventricular contraction; can be used to determine heart rate TO PREV ...
NICE (2013) Self-monitoring coagulometers
... The clot formed in the reaction is detected by the change in the electrical impedance of the sample during the coagulation process. The system consists of a monitor and disposable test strips. The monitor provides a user interface, heats the test strip to the appropriate reaction temperature, measu ...
... The clot formed in the reaction is detected by the change in the electrical impedance of the sample during the coagulation process. The system consists of a monitor and disposable test strips. The monitor provides a user interface, heats the test strip to the appropriate reaction temperature, measu ...
Management of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Neonates
... Maintain adequate PEEP during medical treatment course. (Evidence in animal studies. PEEP decreased left to right shunt and increased systemic blood flow. ...
... Maintain adequate PEEP during medical treatment course. (Evidence in animal studies. PEEP decreased left to right shunt and increased systemic blood flow. ...
Supplements Bitter Orange (Synephrine)
... Evaluation of Potential Benefits There is contradictory evidence about the effects of bitter orange on weight. Some preliminary clinical research suggests that a combination of bitter orange, caffeine, and St. John’s Wort might help weight reduction when used with caloric restriction and exercise. H ...
... Evaluation of Potential Benefits There is contradictory evidence about the effects of bitter orange on weight. Some preliminary clinical research suggests that a combination of bitter orange, caffeine, and St. John’s Wort might help weight reduction when used with caloric restriction and exercise. H ...
Studying the Effect of Flow Tube Radius on Fluid
... 43. To increase (or decrease) blood flow to a particular body system would it be better to adjust heart rate or blood vessel diameter? It would be better to adjust blood vessel diameter as changing heart rate could affect blood flow to all of the organs in the body. 44. If we decreased overall perip ...
... 43. To increase (or decrease) blood flow to a particular body system would it be better to adjust heart rate or blood vessel diameter? It would be better to adjust blood vessel diameter as changing heart rate could affect blood flow to all of the organs in the body. 44. If we decreased overall perip ...
Prognostication of long-term outcomes for patients with ischemic
... declined, the absolute number of people who died from CHD in these countries has not decreased and the incidence of CHD, with aging population, even has increased. Mortality from many chronic noninfectious diseases in Lithuania is higher than in other European countries. In 2008, age-standardized is ...
... declined, the absolute number of people who died from CHD in these countries has not decreased and the incidence of CHD, with aging population, even has increased. Mortality from many chronic noninfectious diseases in Lithuania is higher than in other European countries. In 2008, age-standardized is ...
Heart Disease and the Pregnant Patient Vanita Jain, MD FACOG
... beyond age 40 has grown, increasing the likelihood of co-morbid conditions such as cardiac disease • Cardiac disease complicates 4% of pregnancies, yet accounts for 34% of all maternal deaths • Obstetric patients with cardiac disease are susceptible to a number of potential complications resulting f ...
... beyond age 40 has grown, increasing the likelihood of co-morbid conditions such as cardiac disease • Cardiac disease complicates 4% of pregnancies, yet accounts for 34% of all maternal deaths • Obstetric patients with cardiac disease are susceptible to a number of potential complications resulting f ...
Severe paediatric pulmonary hypertension: new management strategies REVIEW A Rashid, D Ivy
... calcium channel blockers, such as nifedipine or diltiazem. Children who do not respond to acute vasoreactivity testing should be treated with other forms of therapy. Right heart failure (RHF) in the presence of a non-reactive pulmonary vasculature mandates treatment with continuous intravenous epopr ...
... calcium channel blockers, such as nifedipine or diltiazem. Children who do not respond to acute vasoreactivity testing should be treated with other forms of therapy. Right heart failure (RHF) in the presence of a non-reactive pulmonary vasculature mandates treatment with continuous intravenous epopr ...
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Two
... The RV undergoes significant structural and functional impairment as a result of the increased afterload due to an elevated PAP (6). This adverse remodeling and maladaptation leads to decreased RV strain and inevitably to endstage heart failure and eventually to death (7, 8). It is, therefore, extre ...
... The RV undergoes significant structural and functional impairment as a result of the increased afterload due to an elevated PAP (6). This adverse remodeling and maladaptation leads to decreased RV strain and inevitably to endstage heart failure and eventually to death (7, 8). It is, therefore, extre ...
Pre-hospital thrombolysis is associated with mortality reduction and
... severity of heart failure with myocardial infarction is a scale named Killip Classification through which patients are separated by symptoms in four categories15. Once the STEMI consists in a total occlusion of a coronary artery with subsequent ischemia and necrosis of myocardial tissue, the treatme ...
... severity of heart failure with myocardial infarction is a scale named Killip Classification through which patients are separated by symptoms in four categories15. Once the STEMI consists in a total occlusion of a coronary artery with subsequent ischemia and necrosis of myocardial tissue, the treatme ...
ISHEMIC CONDITIONING - EVIDENCE REVIEW DR SANMATH
... Secondary endpoints : infarct size and microvascular obstruction (MVO) assessed by CMR. Combined clinical endpoint consisted of death, reinfarction and new congestive heart failure within 6 months. RIPC + IPost 49 [interquartile range 30–72] vs. ...
... Secondary endpoints : infarct size and microvascular obstruction (MVO) assessed by CMR. Combined clinical endpoint consisted of death, reinfarction and new congestive heart failure within 6 months. RIPC + IPost 49 [interquartile range 30–72] vs. ...
Critical infarct size to induce ventricular remodeling, cardiac
... visualized after ethidium bromide staining under ultraviolet light. Allele frequencies were tested with chi-square test, if conformed to Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium proportions. Our priori power analysis had shown that this population (654 cases) is capable to show significant differences between the ...
... visualized after ethidium bromide staining under ultraviolet light. Allele frequencies were tested with chi-square test, if conformed to Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium proportions. Our priori power analysis had shown that this population (654 cases) is capable to show significant differences between the ...
Antihypertensive drug
Antihypertensives are a class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). Antihypertensive therapy seeks to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Evidence suggests that reduction of the blood pressure by 5 mmHg can decrease the risk of stroke by 34%, of ischaemic heart disease by 21%, and reduce the likelihood of dementia, heart failure, and mortality from cardiovascular disease. There are many classes of antihypertensives, which lower blood pressure by different means. Among the most important and most widely used drugs are thiazide diuretics, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs), and beta blockers.Which type of medication to use initially for hypertension has been the subject of several large studies and resulting national guidelines. The fundamental goal of treatment should be the prevention of the important endpoints of hypertension, such as heart attack, stroke and heart failure. Patient age, associated clinical conditions and end-organ damage also play a part in determining dosage and type of medication administered. The several classes of antihypertensives differ in side effect profiles, ability to prevent endpoints, and cost. The choice of more expensive agents, where cheaper ones would be equally effective, may have negative impacts on national healthcare budgets. As of 2009, the best available evidence favors the thiazide diuretics as the first-line treatment of choice for high blood pressure when drugs are necessary. Although clinical evidence shows calcium channel blockers and thiazide-type diuretics are preferred first-line treatments for most people (from both efficacy and cost points of view), an ACE inhibitor is recommended by NICE in the UK for those under 55 years old.