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1966 , Volume v.17 n.9 , Issue May-1966
1966 , Volume v.17 n.9 , Issue May-1966

... high. Optimum LO power is about 5 mW. Lower power levels can be used, but the thirdorder intermodulation products of the mixer will be larger. ...
Maxim max912
Maxim max912

... with input offset voltage trimmed to below 2.0mV at +25°C. Input common-mode range extends from 200mV below the negative supply rail to 1.5V below the positive power supply. The total common-mode range is 8.7V when operating from ±5VDC supplies. The MAX912/MAX913’s amplifier has no built-in hysteres ...
THS4521-HT - Texas Instruments
THS4521-HT - Texas Instruments

... The THS4521 features accurate output common-mode control that allows for dc-coupling when driving analog-todigital converters (ADCs). This control, coupled with an input common-mode range below the negative rail as well as rail-to-rail output, allows for easy interfacing between single-ended, ground ...
Impedance spectroscopy
Impedance spectroscopy

... voltage and current. This equals the magnitude of the impedance, Z, when represented in a two-dimensional room spanned by real and imaginary vectors. In addition, we also want to know the phase shift (q) ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

LVC608/LVC623 and LVC2016
LVC608/LVC623 and LVC2016

... The LVC608 200-HF has been modified to allow much higher frequencies than would normally be available, because of this several changes have been made to the input section. The LVC 608-200HF differs from the standard LVC-608 in these ways: 1) The LVC 608-200HF has a specially optimized high frequency ...
SI844x,5x QSOP
SI844x,5x QSOP

... 1. Specifications in this table are also valid at VDD1 = 2.6 V and VDD2 = 2.6 V when the operating temperature range is constrained to TA = 0 to 85 °C. 2. The nominal output impedance of an isolator driver channel is approximately 85 , ±40%, which is a combination of the value of the on-chip series ...
Not Recommended for New Designs
Not Recommended for New Designs

Advanced Forward Methods for Complex Wire Fault Modeling
Advanced Forward Methods for Complex Wire Fault Modeling

... far less studied than hard faults, and the forward modeling methods described in this paper present novel implementation of these methods specialized to the chafe problem. Chafing insulation results in a very small change in the wire impedance, and because the reflection depends on the magnitude of ...
差分放大器系列AD8325 数据手册DataSheet 下载
差分放大器系列AD8325 数据手册DataSheet 下载

... modulator or from a DAC. In either case the signal must be low-pass filtered before being applied to the amplifier. Because the distance from the cable modem to the central office will vary with each subscriber, the AD8325 must be capable of varying its output power by applying gain or attenuation t ...
Calculating Total Harmonic Distortion by Measuring Sine Wave
Calculating Total Harmonic Distortion by Measuring Sine Wave

... a spectrally clean sine wave voltage signal to the input of the amplifier under test[5]. Then, the input power level to the amplifier is adjusted for a desired output power level and then looking at the output harmonic spectrums (second, third, and fourth harmonics, etc.) of the amplifier on a spect ...
This work shows the possibility of using a low-cost 130
This work shows the possibility of using a low-cost 130

... need for low-cost and miniature fully integrated systems that enable the transfer of gigabits-per-second data reliably over a certain distance [1]. The exploitation of mm-wave frequencies for high data rate transfer is a natural step due to the immense bandwidths made available for commercial use ei ...
In this paper, formulas for calculating impedance parameters among
In this paper, formulas for calculating impedance parameters among

... V. MUTUAL IMPEDANCE FOR COUPLED ANTENNAS When m ≠ n, Zmn in (6) is called a mutual-impedance. In (7), Vm is the same as the voltage at port of mth antenna with open-circuited when nth antenna is excited at its port with current of In and all other antennas are open-circuited. In (7), Vm is the same ...
MICROWAVE MONOLITHIC POWER AMPLIFIER DESIGN
MICROWAVE MONOLITHIC POWER AMPLIFIER DESIGN

... cells used in the circuit can be designed for optimum electrical and thermal performance. One is not restricted to a particular set of available transistor cell sizes, as is the case with a discrete amplifier. For MMIC power amplifiers that incorporate multiple gain stages, the impedance levels betw ...
Noise suppression and prevention in piezoelectric transducer systems
Noise suppression and prevention in piezoelectric transducer systems

... between grounding points of 1 V. A comparison of the current coupled noise magnitude for various system configurations is given in the Table below. This is a typical set of values. The magnitude will differ significantly for other test conditions, but the relative magnitudes serve to rank order the ...
AN-5029 Interfacing Between PECL and LVDS Differential Technologies AN-
AN-5029 Interfacing Between PECL and LVDS Differential Technologies AN-

... 2V), using a termination supply voltage may not be available in the system application. An alternative approach involves using a Thevenin equivalent parallel combination of resistors which is equal to the transmission line impedance and shifts the PECL driver signals to be in the common mode input r ...
AD8325 - Analog Devices
AD8325 - Analog Devices

... modulator or from a DAC. In either case the signal must be low-pass filtered before being applied to the amplifier. Because the distance from the cable modem to the central office will vary with each subscriber, the AD8325 must be capable of varying its output power by applying gain or attenuation t ...
The sound of Distortion
The sound of Distortion

... • A pure tone, a sine wave, is represented by a single peak at one frequency • As we saw before, a square wave is composed of all odd harmonics; e.g., a 1 kHz square wave is made up of 1kHz, 3kHz, 5kHz, etc. ...
SP6T RF Switch - Mini Circuits
SP6T RF Switch - Mini Circuits

Owner`s Guide for the SVP-1500 Rack Mount Bass Power
Owner`s Guide for the SVP-1500 Rack Mount Bass Power

... 2 ohms, forced fan cooling and a highly-advanced, built-in protection circuit. In order to achieve the highest performance and longest life from your new bass amp, please read this owner’s guide prior to its use. ...
As we discussed earlier capacitors and coils resist the flow
As we discussed earlier capacitors and coils resist the flow

... the formula we would have an impedance of 180.28 ohms. Lets presume our voltage source is 180 volts. We can easily see that the current through this series circuit will be one ampere. With one ampere flowing in the series circuit the voltage across the capacitive reactance is 300 volts and the volta ...
Differential Impedance Measurement with Time Domain Reflectometry
Differential Impedance Measurement with Time Domain Reflectometry

250MHz, Rail-to-Rail I/O, CMOS Operational
250MHz, Rail-to-Rail I/O, CMOS Operational

... recommends that all integrated circuits be handled with appropriate precautions. Failure to observe proper handling and installation procedures can cause damage. ESD damage can range from subtle performance degradation to complete device failure. Precision integrated circuits may be more susceptible ...
a AN-420 APPLICATION NOTE •
a AN-420 APPLICATION NOTE •

... Figure 7 illustrates a frequency domain plot for the resistive load. It was obtained by connecting a spectrum analyzer to J3 with a 50 Ω cable. The spectrum analyzer input impedance was set to 50 Ω. There may be some difference between the frequency domain spurs between IOUTA and IOUTB. The transfor ...
OPA353 OPA2353 OPA4353 High-Speed, Single-Supply, Rail-to-Rail
OPA353 OPA2353 OPA4353 High-Speed, Single-Supply, Rail-to-Rail

... The guaranteed input common-mode voltage range of the OPA353 series extends 100mV beyond the supply rails. This is achieved with a complementary input stage—an N-channel input differential pair in parallel with a P-channel differential pair (see Figure 2). The N-channel pair is active for input volt ...
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Scattering parameters

Scattering parameters or S-parameters (the elements of a scattering matrix or S-matrix) describe the electrical behavior of linear electrical networks when undergoing various steady state stimuli by electrical signals.The parameters are useful for electrical engineering, electronics engineering, and communication systems design, and especially for microwave engineering.The S-parameters are members of a family of similar parameters, other examples being: Y-parameters, Z-parameters, H-parameters, T-parameters or ABCD-parameters. They differ from these, in the sense that S-parameters do not use open or short circuit conditions to characterize a linear electrical network; instead, matched loads are used. These terminations are much easier to use at high signal frequencies than open-circuit and short-circuit terminations. Moreover, the quantities are measured in terms of power.Many electrical properties of networks of components (inductors, capacitors, resistors) may be expressed using S-parameters, such as gain, return loss, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), reflection coefficient and amplifier stability. The term 'scattering' is more common to optical engineering than RF engineering, referring to the effect observed when a plane electromagnetic wave is incident on an obstruction or passes across dissimilar dielectric media. In the context of S-parameters, scattering refers to the way in which the traveling currents and voltages in a transmission line are affected when they meet a discontinuity caused by the insertion of a network into the transmission line. This is equivalent to the wave meeting an impedance differing from the line's characteristic impedance.Although applicable at any frequency, S-parameters are mostly used for networks operating at radio frequency (RF) and microwave frequencies where signal power and energy considerations are more easily quantified than currents and voltages. S-parameters change with the measurement frequency, so frequency must be specified for any S-parameter measurements stated, in addition to the characteristic impedance or system impedance.S-parameters are readily represented in matrix form and obey the rules of matrix algebra.
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