Mechanical Proof of the Second Law of Thermodynamics Based on
... the volume entropy is an ergodic adiabatic invariant. Namely a quantity that does not change during a quasi-static transformation of the external field. As pointed out in (Campisi, 2005), the laws of ergodic Hamiltonian mechanics alone provide a quite satisfactory explanation of the “quasi static” p ...
... the volume entropy is an ergodic adiabatic invariant. Namely a quantity that does not change during a quasi-static transformation of the external field. As pointed out in (Campisi, 2005), the laws of ergodic Hamiltonian mechanics alone provide a quite satisfactory explanation of the “quasi static” p ...
Phys.Rev.Lett. 84, 1
... either detectors D1 or D2 shown in Fig. 1. The triggering of detectors D1 or D2 erases the which-path information of photon 1. Therefore either the absence of the interference or its restoration can be arranged via an appropriately contrived photon correlation arrangement. The experiment is designed ...
... either detectors D1 or D2 shown in Fig. 1. The triggering of detectors D1 or D2 erases the which-path information of photon 1. Therefore either the absence of the interference or its restoration can be arranged via an appropriately contrived photon correlation arrangement. The experiment is designed ...
PDF
... proposed GHZ quantum communication system: one using dual degenerate parametric amplifiers (dual-DPAs) for its entanglement source, and the other using a DPA plus a heralded source of single photons. We show that the density operators of the entangled mixed states stored in the quantum memories are d ...
... proposed GHZ quantum communication system: one using dual degenerate parametric amplifiers (dual-DPAs) for its entanglement source, and the other using a DPA plus a heralded source of single photons. We show that the density operators of the entangled mixed states stored in the quantum memories are d ...
1. The Dirac Equation
... The energy eigenvalues of the hydrogenic solutions to the Schrödinger equation are only dependent upon n, the principal quantum number, while the Dirac hydrogenic eigenvalues are dependent on both n and j. The spectral dependence on j is upheld by experimental observation, however the degeneracy of ...
... The energy eigenvalues of the hydrogenic solutions to the Schrödinger equation are only dependent upon n, the principal quantum number, while the Dirac hydrogenic eigenvalues are dependent on both n and j. The spectral dependence on j is upheld by experimental observation, however the degeneracy of ...
States and Operators in the Spacetime Algebra
... only take copies of the even (Pauli) subalgebra of the full STA. The direct product is usually written as ⊗, but we will drop this symbol and use superscripts to label the single-particle algebra from which any particular element is derived. Thus we write σ1 ⊗ σ1 as σ11 σ12 , where the σ11 σ12 produ ...
... only take copies of the even (Pauli) subalgebra of the full STA. The direct product is usually written as ⊗, but we will drop this symbol and use superscripts to label the single-particle algebra from which any particular element is derived. Thus we write σ1 ⊗ σ1 as σ11 σ12 , where the σ11 σ12 produ ...
6. Edge Modes
... the modes that only move one way around the circle, labelled by the momenta n > 0. Then there’s one way to create a state with energy E = 2⇡v/L: we excite the first Fourier mode once. There are two ways to create a state with energies E = 4⇡v/L: we excite the first Fourier mode twice, or we excite t ...
... the modes that only move one way around the circle, labelled by the momenta n > 0. Then there’s one way to create a state with energy E = 2⇡v/L: we excite the first Fourier mode once. There are two ways to create a state with energies E = 4⇡v/L: we excite the first Fourier mode twice, or we excite t ...
Verification of Concurrent Quantum Protocols by Equivalence
... represent qubits, double wires represent classical bits. Single gates and measurement gates are depicted with squares, whereas controlled gates are shown with a point representing the control qubit and a circle depicting the target qubit with a vertical wire connecting them. The stabilizer formalism ...
... represent qubits, double wires represent classical bits. Single gates and measurement gates are depicted with squares, whereas controlled gates are shown with a point representing the control qubit and a circle depicting the target qubit with a vertical wire connecting them. The stabilizer formalism ...
An Historical and Modern View on Bell`s Inequality
... We start by discussing some aspects of quantum theory, like the concept of states, the measurement problem, interpretations of the theory etcetera. Then we come to the prehistory of Bell’s inequality: the EPR paradox, von Neumann’s completeness proof, and the Kochen-Specker theorem. Via causality, c ...
... We start by discussing some aspects of quantum theory, like the concept of states, the measurement problem, interpretations of the theory etcetera. Then we come to the prehistory of Bell’s inequality: the EPR paradox, von Neumann’s completeness proof, and the Kochen-Specker theorem. Via causality, c ...
Parametrized discrete phase-space functions
... side of Eq. ~39! becomes more complicated; a simple relation can only be obtained for integer s, Tr @ T̂ x ~ k,l;s ! T̂ 2x ~ k 8 ,l 8 ;2s !# 5N @ d k,k 8 1 ~ 21 ! 2l d k2N ~ s21 ! /2,k 8 # 3 @ d l,l 8 1 ~ 21 ! 2k d l2N ~ s21 ! /2,l 8 # . ...
... side of Eq. ~39! becomes more complicated; a simple relation can only be obtained for integer s, Tr @ T̂ x ~ k,l;s ! T̂ 2x ~ k 8 ,l 8 ;2s !# 5N @ d k,k 8 1 ~ 21 ! 2l d k2N ~ s21 ! /2,k 8 # 3 @ d l,l 8 1 ~ 21 ! 2k d l2N ~ s21 ! /2,l 8 # . ...
A simple experiment for discussion of quantum interference and
... emerges downward in the figure from the second beam splitter.兲 The recombined beam shows interference fringes that result from geometrical path differences between the two legs; the adjustment of the intervening mirrors can change the character of these fringes from closely to widely spaced, as well ...
... emerges downward in the figure from the second beam splitter.兲 The recombined beam shows interference fringes that result from geometrical path differences between the two legs; the adjustment of the intervening mirrors can change the character of these fringes from closely to widely spaced, as well ...
Document
... Many physicists (including me) will support Physical Realism, understood as : The purpose of physics is to study entities of the natural world, existing independently from any particular observer's perception, and obeying universal and intelligible rules. Many physicists (inc. me) look at certain an ...
... Many physicists (including me) will support Physical Realism, understood as : The purpose of physics is to study entities of the natural world, existing independently from any particular observer's perception, and obeying universal and intelligible rules. Many physicists (inc. me) look at certain an ...
Metric fluctuations and the weak equivalence principle
... with h̃ = ηκλ h h . Indices are raised and lowered by means of the Minkowski metric ηµν = diag(−1, 1, 1, 1). The terms which describe deviations from the Minkowski metric are interpreted here as fluctuations on a background. These fluctuations are assumed to be of general nature, that is, they are n ...
... with h̃ = ηκλ h h . Indices are raised and lowered by means of the Minkowski metric ηµν = diag(−1, 1, 1, 1). The terms which describe deviations from the Minkowski metric are interpreted here as fluctuations on a background. These fluctuations are assumed to be of general nature, that is, they are n ...
Basic elements of quantum information technology
... Information technology (IT) can feed o quantum physics in two ways, which might loosely be termed evolutionary and revolutionary. Both are potentially very important and each one forms a currently very active and exciting research eld. In the evolutionary work, quantum physics is essentially emplo ...
... Information technology (IT) can feed o quantum physics in two ways, which might loosely be termed evolutionary and revolutionary. Both are potentially very important and each one forms a currently very active and exciting research eld. In the evolutionary work, quantum physics is essentially emplo ...
quantum few-body physics with the configuration interaction
... Often, it becomes very difficult to predict how the particles will behave. Then we make computer programs which help us. But also computers have limitations, they can only do calculations for systems with few particles. Some scientists have, in their attempts to describe how nuclei work, invented a ...
... Often, it becomes very difficult to predict how the particles will behave. Then we make computer programs which help us. But also computers have limitations, they can only do calculations for systems with few particles. Some scientists have, in their attempts to describe how nuclei work, invented a ...